DPV: a taxonomy for utilizing deep learning as a prediction technique for various types of cancers detection

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Deep learning (DL) is a type of machine learning capable of processing large quantities of data to provide analytic results based on a particular...     

Nanostructured MIEC Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.6Fe0.4O3−δ (BSCF5564) cathode for IT-SOFC by nitric acid aided EDTA–citric acid complexing process (NECC)

Ba_0.5Sr_0.5Co_0.6Fe_0.4O_3−δ(BSCF5564) was synthesized by nitric acid aided EDTA–citric acid complexing sol-gel method (NECC). Both, the phase formation temperature and time of BSCF5564 synthesized NECC were found to be low i.e. single perovskite phase formation temperature is 200 °C less as compared to the conventional method of synthesis. The orthorhombic perovskite structure has been formed after calcination at 800 °C for 5 h. Scanning electron microscopy reveals the formation of porous material constituting nano-sized and irregularly shaped rod-like structure with particle size approximately ranges from 90 to 160 nm. The total weight loss of the BSCF5564 sample comes out to be 6.6%, indicating that quadrivalence state Co⁴⁺ and Fe⁴⁺ in the sample have been completely reduced to the trivalent state Co³⁺ and Fe³⁺ due to thermal analysis. The value of E_a for BSCF5564 prepared by NECC was 0.2288 eV. The electrical conductivity of BSCF5564 synthesized by NECC is observed to be steady at high temperature (above 700 °C).     

Sputter deposition of self-organized nanoclusters through porous anodic alumina templates

Silver nanoparticles were sputter deposited through self organized hexagonally ordered porous anodic alumina templates that were fabricated using a two-step anodization process. The average pore diameter of the template was 90 nm and the interpore spacing was 120 nm. Atomic force microscope studies of the sputter-deposited silver nanoparticle array on a Si substrate indicate an approximate replication of the porous anodic alumina mask. The nature of the deposition depends strongly on the process parameters such as sputtering voltage, ambient pressure and substrate temperature. We report a detailed study of the sputtering conditions that lead to an optimal deposition through the template.     

New conductive polymeric materials: Cofacial assembly of mixed valent metallomacrocycles

This paper reports on an approach to control molecular stacking interactions in low-dimensional mixed valence materials by locking partially oxidized metallomacrocycles together in a cofacial orientation. Iodine doping of the face-to-face linked oligomers [M(Pc)O]_n (M = Si, Ge, Sn; Pc = phthalocyaninato) produces electrically conductive polymers {[M(Pc)O]I_xn with a wide range of x stoichiometries. Resonance Raman spectroscopy indicates that the iodine has oxidized the polymer chain. Polymer structure has been studied by X-ray powder diffraction, and it is possible to estimate interplanar spacings. Halogen doping of the [M(Pc)O]_n materials is accompanied by electrical conductivity increases as large 10⁷ (ohm cm)^?1; the general trend is $\text{σ}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>Si</mtext>}}\text{? σ}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>Ge</mtext>}}\text{> σ}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>Sn</mtext>}}$. Variable temperature conductivity and magnetic susceptibility data are reported.     

Assembly of phase transferred nickel nanoparticles at air-water interface using Langmuir-Blodgett technique

Development of simple and efficient protocol for the synthesis of Ni nanoparticles in aqueous media and their subsequent phase transfer to organic media is reported. The synthesis of nickel nanoparticles in aqueous medium is accomplished by reducing the nickel nitrate with sodium borohydride in presence of oleic acid. It results in the formation of nickel nanoparticles capped with oleic acid. The pristine oleic acid capped nickel nanoparticles were then phase transferred to nonpolar solvents such as toluene using stearic acid. The phase transfer was effective probably due to the space exchange between the oleic acid moiety and stearic acid molecules. The hydrophobized Ni thus obtained was organized at the air-water interface and it was observed that by controlling the pressure and concentration of hydrophobized Ni nanoparticles at air-water interface, linear ribbon like assemblies could be obtained. The organization process was followed by surface pressure-area isotherm measurement and Brewster Angle Microscopy.     

The Membrane Proteome of Spores and Vegetative Cells of the Food-Borne Pathogen Bacillus cereus

Membrane proteins are fascinating since they play an important role in diverse cellular functions and constitute many drug targets. Membrane proteins are challenging to analyze. The spore, the most resistant form of known life, harbors a compressed inner membrane. This membrane acts not only as a barrier for undesired molecules but also as a scaffold for proteins involved in signal transduction and the transport of metabolites during spore germination and subsequent vegetative growth. In this study, we adapted a membrane enrichment method to study the membrane proteome of spores and cells of the food-borne pathogen Bacillus cereus using quantitative proteomics. Using bioinformatics filtering we identify and quantify 498 vegetative cell membrane proteins and 244 spore inner membrane proteins. Comparison of vegetative and spore membrane proteins showed there were 54 spore membrane-specific and 308 cell membrane-specific proteins. Functional characterization of these proteins showed that the cell membrane proteome has a far larger number of transporters, receptors and proteins related to cell division and motility. This was also reflected in the much higher expression level of many of these proteins in the cellular membrane for those proteins that were in common with the spore inner membrane. The spore inner membrane had specific expression of several germinant receptors and spore-specific proteins, but also seemed to show a preference towards the use of simple carbohydrates like glucose and fructose owing to only expressing transporters for these. These results show the differences in membrane proteome composition and show us the specific proteins necessary in the inner membrane of a dormant spore of this toxigenic spore-forming bacterium to survive adverse conditions.     

Comparison of temperature rise within pulp chamber during light curing of composite restoration

In this study, total of 60 extracted human teeth were divided into four groups. Group I and II were subjected to LCU A (2550 mW/cm²) and Group III and IV to LCU B (700 mW/cm²), respectively. The increase in temperature level from baseline was recorded using K type thermocouple while curing of dentin bonding agent and composite resins. The temperature rise was significantly higher for Light Curing Unit A which had higher intensity light than Light Curing Unit B. Remaining dentin thickness of the prepared tooth also has significant role in the temperature rise. Hence, light curing units should be used with caution to avoid over-exposure of teeth. Dental practitioners need to prepare teeth with silicone indices and pre-assessment of radiographs to avoid over-preparation. Regular check of intensity of light curing unit using commercially available intensity meter is advocated.     

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Salacia chinensis: Characterization and its Antibacterial Activity

The aim of the present research work was to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Salacia chinensis plant extract and to evaluate its antibacterial activity. AgNPs were successfully synthesized and formation of AgNPs was confirmed by visual color change and UV (ultraviolet) spectroscopy. Prepared AgNPs were purified and characterized by using dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDAX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). UV peak at 434 nm confirmed the formation of AgNPs. DLS studies showed that AgNPs size prepared in all conditions were in the range of 100–200 nm. XRD studies revealed crystalline nature of AgNPs. EDAX studies confirmed the presence of silver in colloidal dispersion and images were recorded by using SEM and TEM. Synthesized AgNPs were found to be effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In conclusion, AgNPs could serve as a good alternative in treatment of bacterial infections in this era of multidrug resistance.     

Kesterite based thin film absorber layers from ball milled precursors

The existing thin film technology involves rare earth and toxic materials. Cu₂ZnSnS₄, its selenide and sulfo selenide analogues have acquired as the most promising alternate absorber material group in thin film technology due to the abundance and non toxic constituent elements. We present a facile, green and low cost method for synthesis of CZTS/(Se) films. Precursor powders using Cu, Zn, Sn, S and Se, was prepared by ball milling. Starting with ball milled metallic precursor powders we synthesized kieserite thin films by doctor blade coating process and subsequent annealing. Doctor blade coating method is one of the cheapest non toxic non vacuum based chemical deposition processes. A comparative study of ball milled powder and films prepared from the precursors has been presented and interesting aspects of structure, morphology and composition were explored after ball milling, and films formed after annealing. Chalcogens (S or Se) plays an important role in the construction of tetragonal phase. A combined TGA–DSC, X-ray diffraction, Raman, TEM, EDX and UV–Vis–NIR study showed marked change in film property after annealing.