Transgenerational Effects of Di(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate on Anogenital Distance,Sperm Functions and DNA Methylation in Rat Offspring

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is widely used as a plasticizer in the manufacture of polyvinylchloride plastics and has been associated with concerns regarding male reproductive toxicity. In this study, we hypothesized that maternal exposure to DEHP induces transgenerational inheritance of adult-onset adverse reproductive outcomes through the male germline in the F1, F2, and F3 generations of male offspring. Pregnant rats were treated with 5 or 500 mg of DEHP/kg/day through gavage from gestation day 0 to birth. The offspring body weight, anogenital distance (AGD), anogenital index (AGI), sperm count, motility, and DNA fragmentation index (DFI) were measured for all generations. Methyl-CpG binding domain sequencing was performed to analyze sperm DNA methylation status in the F3. DEHP exposure at 500 mg/kg affected AGD, AGI, sperm count, mean DFI, and %DFI in the F1; AGD, sperm count, and mean DFI in the F2; and AGD, AGI, mean DFI, and %DFI in the F3. DEHP exposure at 5 mg/kg affected AGD, AGI, sperm count, and %DFI in the F1; sperm count in the F2; and AGD and AGI in F3. Compared with the control group, 15 and 45 differentially hypermethylated genes were identified in the groups administered 5 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg DEHP, respectively. Moreover, 130 and 6 differentially hypomethylated genes were observed in the groups administered 5 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg DEHP. Overall, these results demonstrated that prenatal exposure to DEHP caused transgenerational epigenetic effects, which may explain the observed phenotypic changes in the male reproductive system.     

Spatial variability of Soil Nutrients and Influencing Factors in a Vegetable Production Area of Hebei Province in China

This study was conducted to determine soil nutrient spatial variability and the factors influencing it in a vegetable production area using traditional statistics and geo-statistics. The study area encompassed 55 ha and consisted of 182 farmer's plots belonging to six production groups in the Yutian county of China. Two hundred and seventeen soil samples were collected on a 50×50-m grid at depths of 0–20 cm prior to the plots being sown for cabbage. Vegetable production history, including varieties, rotation systems and fertilizer use, at the sampling sites was also examined. Soil pH, organic manure (OM), NO₃⁻–N, available P, K, Zn, and other nutrients and particle size were measured. The results showed that N, P, K and Zn were the main limiting nutrient factors in the soil. Distinct semi-variance structures of spatial variability were observed for soil NO₃⁻–N, available P, K and Zn, with the range of spatial correlation being 204–348 m. Significant spatial distribution similarity was found for soil NO₃⁻–N, P, K and Zn, with relatively high contents of all these nutrients in some areas of the study area and relatively low contents in other areas. The correlation of soil NO₃⁻–N, P and K content with vegetable production history and fertilizer application rates (N, P₂O₅ and K₂O) suggested that vegetable variety and history of fertilizer use are important factors to be considered in the development of a soil nutrient management program in the study area.     

面向网络取证的网络攻击追踪溯源技术分析

定位网络攻击事件源头然后进行有效电子证据的收集是网络取证的任务之一.定位网络攻击事件源头需要使用网络攻击追踪溯源技术.然而现有的网络攻击追踪溯源技术研究工作主要从防御的角度开展,以通过定位攻击源及时阻断攻击为主要目标,较少考虑网络取证的要求.这导致网络攻击追踪溯源过程中产生的大量有价值的数据无法成为有效电子证据在诉讼中被采用,因而无法充分发挥其在网络取证方面的价值.为此提出了一套取证能力评估指标用于评估网络攻击追踪溯源技术的取证能力,总结分析了最新的网络攻击追踪溯源技术,包括基于软件定义网络的追踪溯源技术,基于取证能力评估指标分析了其取证能力并针对不足之处提出了改进建议,最后提出了针对网络攻击追踪溯源场景的网络取证过程模型.该工作为面向网络取证的网络攻击追踪溯源技术的研究提供了参考.     

基于STM32可视化心音信号电子测试系统的研究

电子听诊技术在临床医学、工业探测等领域有着广泛应用,医学上心音听诊是诊断心脏等内脏疾病的主要手段之一,而传统听诊器因其固有缺陷,很难满足现代医学发展要求。以医学电子听诊为研究对象,选定STM32F107为中央处理器,结合微弱信号处理技术,设计了一套心音信号的采集分析系统,完成了心音信号高速、高精度、抗干扰、实时可视化听诊,并结合MATLAB仿真软件对采集到的心音信号进行分析,实现了实时心音信号采集、前端信号处理和分析,完成了数据压缩、存储、分类,以及波形及数据显示回放等功能,以满足临床医学听诊的要求。     

全断面隧道掘进机(TBM)在设备选型及隧洞选线设计中应注意的问题

全断面隧道掘进机(TBM)因其独特优越的技术性能,广泛应用于长隧道掘进中,为克服其自身的不足,避免产生施工缺陷,本文就TBM设备选型、隧洞设计规划方面需要注意解决的相关问题,进行了研究探讨。     

基于Matlab与VC的弱视视功能检查系统的设计与实现

弱视是一种发育紊乱性疾病,我国弱视患者检出率高达2.8%。对弱视视功能进行检查可以帮助医生更准确判定病情,从而制定有效的个性化治疗方案。针对弱视患者存在的视功能缺损模式,采用心理物理学的阈限算法,设计了弱视视功能检查系统。系统软件部分利用VC中的MFC以及Matlab的Psychophysics Toolbox实现视功能检查模块,通过SQL Server建立后台数据库记录检查数据。同时,为了达到心理物理学上对视功能检查的特殊显示要求,硬件部分加入了Vedio Switcher进行输出视频信号的转换。系统经临床实际试用,表明系统稳定性好,能满足弱视视功能检查的特殊临床需要。     

U-Boot启动logo制作的研究

U-Boot可广泛用于各种嵌入式处理器体系。简单分析U-Boot的结构特点和启动流程,以及配置U-Boot适合新的开发板,过制作U-Boot启动logo和调试U-Boot映像文件,同时加入背光驱动以方便调节背光亮度,说明了在U-Boot基础上完善设备驱动可代替繁冗的操作系统而具有广泛的应用价值。     

U—Boot启动logo制作的研究

U—Boot可广泛用于各种嵌入式处理器体系。简单分析U—Boot的结构特点和启动流程,以及配置U-Boot适合新的开发板,过制作U—Boot启动logo和调试U—Boot映像文件,同时加入背光驱动以方便调节背光亮度,说明了在U—Boot基础上完善设备驱动可代替繁冗的操作系统而具有广泛的应用价值。     

基于SR-SURF的岩石显微图像拼接

岩石显微图像拼接是对岩石分析和研究的关键环节, 由于岩石显微图像数量多(成百上千张)内容丰富并且包含大量相似易混淆区域, 导致拼接速率和配准准确率低, 并且多幅图像拼接时会产生误差累积导致拼接错位, 针对此问题提出了一种SR-SURF (similar region-SURF)的岩石显微图像拼接方法. 首先选用哈希指纹快速提取相似区域(similar region), 然后在此区域检测特征点; 之后利用改进的RANSAC (random sample consensus)算法剔除错误匹配点; 再然后选用最佳模板匹配纠正错误配准图像; 最后引入最小二乘法消除单应性矩阵相乘产生的累计误差; 实验结果显示本文的算法消除了多幅图像拼接产生的累计误差, 解决了拼接错位问题, 提高了拼接速率和配准准确率, 具有较高的实用价值, 推动了岩石薄片的数字化存储进程.     

基于区块链的群智感知中任务预算约束的位置隐私保护参与者选择方法

群智感知中,任务发布者基于有限的任务预算招募合适的参与者来执行感知任务.但是,现有的相关工作依赖于可信第三方来执行参与者选择或者忽视了参与者位置隐私泄露问题.为了解决这些问题,本文提出一种基于区块链的群智感知中任务预算约束的位置隐私保护参与者选择方法LPWS.通过保序加密和Merkle树来为参与者提供个性化的位置隐私保护,确保参与者将精确位置隐藏于隐匿区域.在有限的任务预算下,LPWS将参与者选择问题建模为目标优化问题,并基于动态规划来确定一组合适的参与者以增加高质量感知数据获取的可能性.此外,在保证数据隐私和奖惩公平性下,LPWS基于数据质量评估结果完成报酬支付和信誉更新,从而激励参与者尽可能地提供高质量数据.仿真实验表明,LPWS在参与者选择方面具有可行性与有效性,保证了安全公平的参与者选择以及数据质量评估.与相关工作对比,在有限的任务预算下,LPWS不仅取得了更好的质价比,而且在确保任务完成质量的同时提供了位置隐私保护和数据隐私保护.