A study on harvesting of PKL electricity

The efficiency of any electric cell or battery is very important. To keep it in mind it has been studied the columbic efficiency, voltaic efficiency and energy efficiency of a PKL (Pathor Kuchi Leaf) Quasi Voltaic Cell or Modified Voltaic Cell. It was found that the columbic efficiency data illustrated that this efficiency was lower comparing to other efficiencies may be the absence of salt bridge or separator between the electrodes. Because, our designed and fabricated PKL cell does not have any salt bridge. So that the internal resistance is lower than the traditional voltaic cell and as a result more current was found. The voltage and current changes with time and I–V characteristics for PKL unit cell, module, panel and array have also been studied. It is shown that the voltaic and energy efficiency have been studied. However, the highest efficiency was obtained for 40% PKL sap with 5% secondary salt in 55% aqueous solution, which implies that the concentration of PKL juice can play an important role regarding efficiency. It was also found that the average energy efficiency was 97.43% and it was also found that the average voltaic efficiency was 57.29%. Finally, morphological study FESEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy) has also been performed. It is seen that the results confirmed that Zn was deposited on the Cu surface during the electro deposition process in PKL solution. Using AAS, it has been measured the concentration of [Cu²⁺] as a reactant ion and the concentration of [Zn²⁺] as a product ion those have been tabulated and graphically discussed. The variation of pH has also been studied with time and which was also tabulated and graphically discussed.

     

Bioelectricity: a new approach to provide the electrical power from vegetative and fruits at off-grid region

In this research, we studied the performance of different vegetative and fruits electrochemical cells namely PKL, Aloe Vera, Tomato and Lemon juice electrochemical cells with load condition for 2:1 Zn/Cu based electrodes. It was also studied the variation of Load Voltage (V_L), Load Current (I_L), and Load Power (P_L), with the variation of time for PKL, Aloe Vera, Tomato and Lemon juice electrochemical Cells. Among those cells the PKL electrochemical Cell was more efficient than the other three types of Cells regarding the load Current (I_L), Load Voltage (V_L), and Load Power (P_L). However, we investigated the performance of different types of Cells without load condition for 1:1 Zn/Cu based electrodes. Moreover, the variation of open circuit voltage (V_oc), short circuit current (I_sc) and maximum power (P_max) with the variation of time for those cells were explored. The discharge characteristic of the PKL electrochemical cell was more effective than the other three electrochemical Cells as the Open circuit voltage (V_oc), Short circuit current (I_sc) and Maximum Power (P_max) are more stable and steady in comparison with others. Heat treatment temperature was a new approach by which we can enhance the performance of these electrochemical cells. Most of the results have been tabulated and graphically discussed.