交互式视频通信的发展（续）（英文）

交互式视频通信的发展（续）（英文）Ｊ．Ｄ．ＣａｌｖｅｔＳ．Ｒ．ＴｒｅｖｅｓＷ．Ｖｅｒｂｉｅｓｔ四、ＭＰＥＧ编码ＭＰＥＧ技术最有可能成为世界范围视频信号编码与压缩的标准。除了ＭＰＥＧ１标准，又制定了ＭＰＥＧＺ标准，它使图象质量进一步提高，并支持高清晰度...     

高聚物的红外二向色性研究

本文运用偏振红外光谱技术，对镶嵌在单向拉伸低密度聚乙烯中结构不同的若干化合物进行了红外二向色性测量。实验结果的分析表明，该偏振红外光谱术不仅有助于研究物质红外光谱吸收峰的归属，而且能更深入认识物质简正振动模的本质。     

Dynamic proteome in enigmatic preeclampsia: an account of molecular mechanisms and biomarker discovery

The coevolution of genomics and proteomics has led to advancements in the field of diagnosis and molecular mechanisms of disease. Proteomics is now stepping into the field of obstetrics, where early diagnosis of pregnancy complication such as preeclampsia (PE) is imperative. PE is a multifactorial disease characterized by hypertension with proteinuria, which is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality occurring in 5-7% of pregnancies worldwide. This review discusses the probable molecular mechanisms that lead to PE and summarizes the proteomics research carried out in understanding the pathogenicity of PE, and for identifying the candidate biomarker for diagnosis of the disease.     

Optics clustered to output unique solutions: a multi-laser facility for combined single molecule and ensemble microscopy

Optics clustered to output unique solutions (OCTOPUS) is a microscopy platform that combines single molecule and ensemble imaging methodologies. A novel aspect of OCTOPUS is its laser excitation system, which consists of a central core of interlocked continuous wave and pulsed laser sources, launched into optical fibres and linked via laser combiners. Fibres are plugged into wall-mounted patch panels that reach microscopy end-stations in adjacent rooms. This allows multiple tailor-made combinations of laser colours and time characteristics to be shared by different end-stations minimising the need for laser duplications. This setup brings significant benefits in terms of cost effectiveness, ease of operation, and user safety. The modular nature of OCTOPUS also facilitates the addition of new techniques as required, allowing the use of existing lasers in new microscopes while retaining the ability to run the established parts of the facility. To date, techniques interlinked are multi-photon/multicolour confocal fluorescence lifetime imaging for several modalities of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and time-resolved anisotropy, total internal reflection fluorescence, single molecule imaging of single pair FRET, single molecule fluorescence polarisation, particle tracking, and optical tweezers. Here, we use a well-studied system, the epidermal growth factor receptor network, to illustrate how OCTOPUS can aid in the investigation of complex biological phenomena.     

Wear and surface analysis of 38 mm ceramic-on-metal total hip replacements under standard and severe wear testing conditions

The purpose of this study was to compare the wear of zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA) and alumina femoral heads tested against as-cast CoCrMo alloy acetabular cups under both standard and severe wear conditions. A new severe test, which included medio-lateral displacement of the head and rim impact upon relocation, was developed. This resulted in an area of metal transfer and an area of increased wear on the superior-anterior segment of the head that were thought to be due to dislocation and rim impact respectively. While the wear of all ceramic heads was immeasurable using the gravimetric method, the wear rates for the metallic cups from each test were readily calculated. An average steady state wear rate of 0.023 +/- 0.005 mm3/10(6) cycles was found for the cups articulating against ZTA under standard wear conditions. A similar result had previously been obtained for the wear of cups articulated against alumina heads of the same size (within the same laboratory). Under severe wear conditions an increase in the metallic cup steady state wear rate was found with the ZTA and alumina tests giving 0.623 +/- 0.252 and 1.35 +/- 0.154 mm3/10(6) cycles respectively. Wear of the ceramic heads was detected using atomic force microscopy which showed, under severe wear conditions, a decrease in polishing marks and occasional grain removal. The surfaces of the ZTA heads tested under standard conditions were virtually unchanged from the unworn samples. Friction tests showed low friction factors for all components, pre and post wear.     

Development and pilot testing of the Neuromuscular Blockade Advisory System

The neuromuscular blocker advisory system (NMBAS) is a computer program developed to provide advisory guidance to anesthesiologists on the timing and dose of rocuronium to paralyze patients during surgery. It is believed that the use of such a system will administer the minimally effective amount of drug, maintaining the patient in a state of paralysis that is useful for surgery yet easily reversible. This will improve patient safety and result in more efficient care. In this paper we present the NMBAS, its basic methodology, and its development though a pilot study. Novel methods of handling neuromuscular response data are presented, including relaxation measurement and the enhanced-train-of-four sensing modality. New methods of handling nonlinearities at the neuromuscular junction to allow application of adaptive control techniques are presented. A novel form of modelling combining model swapping and RLSE adaptation to accommodate the patient variation seen with NMB drugs is introduced. A pilot study testing the NMBAS was undergone to prepare the NMBAS for application in a full clinical trial, in which patients undergoing prostate brachytherapy surgeries using rocuronium for intubation were admitted.     

Validation of interferometric imaging from a pupil-masking experiment on a solar telescope

We present the results of a pupil-masking experiment that uses the Sun as the source object. The goal of our experiment was a proof-of-concept validation for a Fizeau (image-plane) interferometric beam combination with a complex source that overfilled the field of view. We employed a phase-diversity technique to measure the optical phases required to recover the instantaneous optical transfer function for the masked pupil. We used a Wiener filter to deconvolve the dirty images.