An efficient manufacturing method for I-shaped cross-sectional CFRP beam with arbitrary arrangement of carbon fiber using electro-activated resin molding

Abstract

The I-shaped cross-sectional beam of CFRP (CFRP I-beam) is usually manufactured by the continuous protrusion method. Carbon fibers can only be arranged in the longitudinal direction. The CFRP I-beam with arbitrary arrangement of carbon fiber was manufactured with applying the electro-activated deposition molding method. The carbon fiber fabric was immersed in the deposition solution and energized, epoxy resin precipitated around carbon fiber and impregnated. The resin-impregnated fabric was installed to the mold, and the CFRP I-beam was fabricated. The CFRP I-beam was subjected to three-point bending tests, and the relationship between load-deflection was simulated by finite-element analysis.     

A CMOS multichannel 10-Gb/s transceiver

We describe a CMOS multichannel transceiver that transmits and receives 10 Gb/s per channel over balanced copper media. The transceiver consists of two identical 10-Gb/s modules. Each module operates off a single 1.2-V supply and has a single 5-GHz phase-locked loop to supply a reference clock to two transmitter (Tx) channels and two receiver (Rx) channels. To track the input-signal phase, the Rx channel has a clock recovery unit (CRU), which uses a phase-interpolator-based timing generator and digital loop filter. The CRU can adjust the recovered clock phase with a resolution of 1.56 ps. Two sets of two-channel transceiver units were fabricated in 0.11-/spl mu/m CMOS on a single test chip. The transceiver unit size was 1.6 mm /spl times/ 2.6 mm. The Rx sensitivity was 120-mVp-p differential with a 70-ps phase margin for a common-mode voltage ranging from 0.6 to 1.0 V. The evaluated jitter tolerance curve met the OC-192 specification.     

Breakdown characteristics of oil and paper insulation for a very fast transient voltage

This paper describes the dielectric breakdown characteristics of oil and oil‐impregnated paper for very fast transient (VFT) voltages. Blumlein circuits generate VFT voltages of 60 and 300 ns in a pulse width that simulates disconnecting switching surges in gas‐insulated switch gears. We measured the breakdown voltages of needle‐to‐plane, plane‐to‐plane oil gaps and several pieces of paper between plane electrodes for VFT and lightning impulse voltages. The measured data were formulated in V‐t characteristics and Weibull probability distributions. The inclination n of V‐t characteristics of insulating paper is 150, which is less than n = 13.7 of the plane‐to‐plane oil gap in the VFT time range. The shape parameters of Weibull distribution obtained in this study show that the scattering of breakdown voltages of paper is much less than that of oil. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 141(4): 16–24, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.10043     

Fast Full-Band Device Simulator for Wurtzite and Zincblende GaN MESFET Using a Cellular Monte Carlo Method

A fast full-band device simulator for wurtzite and zincblende GaN using a Cellular Monte Carlo (CMC) approach is reported for wurtzite and zincblende GaN. The full-phonon dispersion relationship including anisotropic polar-optical phonon scattering is taken into account for the wurtzite GaN calculation. In the bulk simulation, the CMC model is about 30–100 times faster than the conventional Ensemble Monte Carlo model at high electric field region. This CMC model is applied to the simulator of MESFET devices, and the calculation speed is significantly improved.     

Eosinophil chemotaxis induced by several biologically active substances and the effects of apafant on it in vitro

Chemotaxis of guinea pig eosinophils induced by various stimuli in use of a modified Boyden chamber technique in vitro and the effect of a platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist, apafant (CAS 105219-56-5, WEB 2086 BS), on it were examined. The eosinophils were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from the animals treated by i.v. injection with Sephadex G-200 and purified by Percoll density gradient centrifugation. PAF significantly and potently induced the chemotaxis at a broad range of 10(-17) to 10(-7) mol/l, where no concentration-dependency was observed. Leukotriene B4 also induced the chemotaxis in a concentration-dependent manner at 10(-14) to 10(-12) mol/l and the enhanced migration was not declined until 10(-7) mol/l. Interleukin-5 (IL-5), IL-8 and regulated on activation normal T expressed and secreted (RANTES) only modestly enhanced the chemotaxis in some concentrations at 10(-13) to 10(-7) mol/l with or without significance and with no concentration-dependency while formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), a known chemoattractant, increased the migration at 10(-7) to 10(-5) mol/l. Apafant at 10(-8) to 10(-6) mol/l strongly and concentration-dependently inhibited 10(-8) mol/l PAF-induced chemotaxis. However, the drug showed nominal or no influences on their chemotaxis stimulated by the other agonists, at the concentrations of which the enhanced migration was observed. From these results, it is concluded that IL-5, IL-8 and RANTES, different from PAF and LTB4, are not potent stimuli for the eosinophil chemotaxis and that apafant is a selective antagonist of PAF, which is expected to be therapeutically effective for PAF-associated diseases including bronchial asthma.     

KGa-priderite and related compound for the selective reduction of nitrogen monoxide with propylene

The catalytic activity of KGa-priderite, K_1.6Ga_1.6Ti_6.4O₁₆, and its related compound KGa₈Ga₉Ti₁₅O₅₆ was investigated for the selective reduction of nitrogen monoxide (NO) with propylene (C₃H₆) in the presence of high oxygen concentrations. The KGa-priderite showed significant activity during this reaction, but the related compound showed only a little activity. These compounds are quite different from the conventional catalysts for NO_x selective reduction and are characterized by the fact that their properties are free from the effects of solid acidity and support metals. This difference was attributable to the NO desorption rate at the surface of these compounds. It has become clear that the KGa-priderite catalyst remarkably adsorbed NO, and it is suggested that the amount of NO adsorbed and the amount of catalytic activity are able to be increased by the design of priderite structure.     

Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Structural Relaxation of Asphaltene Aggregates

For asphaltene obtained from vacuum residue of Khafji crude oil, the energy-minimum conformation calculated by molecular mechanics-dynamics simulations showed that aggregated structures of asphaltene molecules through noncovalent interactions are more stable. Changes induced in aggregated structures by pretreatment with solvents were investigated using molecular dynamics calculations. The simulation showed that in quinolin at 573 K, some staking interactions could be disrupted, while, in 1-methylnaphthalene it was not observed. Autoclave experiments showed that the coke yield after pyrolysis at 713 K was decreased when the asphaltene was pretreated with quinoline at 573 K for 1 h, compared to the yield without the pretreatment. While, in the case of pretreatment in 1-methylnaphthalene, the coke yield did not change significantly. The simulation's results above can be related to the difference in coke yield between two solvents; in quinoline some aromatic-aromatic stacking interactions could be disrupted and mobility of molecules was increased. This resulted in prevention of the asphaltenes from polymerizing, as in condensation reactions among aromatic rings. Consequently, the coke yield after the pretreatment with quinoline was decreased.     

Physical and functional association of cortactin with Syk in human leukemic cell line K562

Human leukemic cell line K562 is induced to differentiate into the megakaryocytic lineage by stimulation with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). We demonstrate here that TPA stimulation increases tyrosine phosphorylation of an 80-kDa protein at an early stage of megakaryocytic differentiation and that this 80-kDa protein is identical with cortactin. Since tyrosine kinase Syk was activated by TPA stimulation, we examined the possibility that cortactin is a potential substrate of Syk in K562 cells. TPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of cortactin was decreased profoundly by overexpression of dominant-negative Syk. Furthermore, cortactin was associated with Syk even before TPA stimulation. Since cortactin was previously referred as an 80/85-kilodalton pp60src substrate, we examined the association between Src and cortactin, whereas its association could not be detected. These data suggest that Syk phosphorylates cortactin in K562 cells upon TPA treatment.     

A broadband power meter calibration system in the frequency rangefrom 10 MHz to 40 GHz using a coaxial calorimeter

A broadband power meter calibration system based on a newly constructed coaxial calorimeter has been developed in the frequency region 10 MHz-40 GHz. The RF power is measured as the difference of DC power supplied to the calorimeter built-in heater in the RF load, when RF is turned off and on, holding an isothermal control between the RF load and a temperature reference. To minimize the error due to the adiabatic coaxial waveguide, we devised a new method utilizing its output port as a test port. The evaluations showed a calibration uncertainty of (0.28-2.2)% expressed by one standard deviation at the 1 mW level in the full band