Neutronic and thermodynamic feasibility of UF6-NpF6 fueled transmutation reactor

Transmutation of neptunium, which is contained in radioactive wastes discharged from nuclear reactors, was investigated as a substitutional method for geologic disposal. We proposed a transmutation reactor fueled with a mixture of gaseous ²³³UF₆ and ²³⁷NpF₆. Neutronic and thermodynamic analysis of the reactor revealed the feasibility of the concept. The reactor has two principal advantages: (1) use of the fuel gas enables on-line reprocessing, (2) ²³⁷Np can be transmuted by a high neutron flux. Our calculation indicated that the transmutation rate of ²³⁷Np was 335 g/year/MW_th, which is much larger than the annual yield of ²³²Np in PWR (6.19 g/year/MW_th).     

Effects of Digital Doping of Mn on Giant Magneto-Optical Properties of Zn1−x Mn x Se Quantum Wells

We have studied effects of the digital-doping profile of MnSe layers on the giant magneto-optical properties in Zn_1?x Mn _x Se-based quantum wells. The giant Zeeman shift energy increases monotonically with increasing spatial overlap of the exciton wavefunction with the 0.5 monatomic-thick effective Mn layers at the interfaces between the digitally doped MnSe layers and nonmagnetic ZnSe layers. Also, a field-induced enhancement factor of the excitonic photoluminescence intensity, because of the suppression of the exciton energy transfer into the d-d transition of Mn-ions, increases linearly with increasing such overlap of the exciton wavefunction with the effective Mn layer. In addition, the formation energy as large as 18.6 meV and the formation time of the magnetic polaron are determined, which are also affected by the digital-doping profile.     

Breast carcinoma with myeloid metaplasia--a case report

A 49 year-old female had been suffering from primary myelofibrosis since February 1987 without receiving any treatment. In 1994, a breast mass was detected. Breast tumor biopsy revealed tubular carcinoma with intraductal components and multinucleated giant cells in the loose and myxoid stroma. The giant cells were thought to be megakaryocytes because both Factor VIII and platelet glycoprotein GP IIIa were detected in their cytoplasm. While additional mastectomy specimens and the axillary lymph nodes also revealed prominent myeloid metaplasia, there was no proliferation of the cancer cells. Granulocytic series stained for chloroacetate esterase and very few erythrocytic series were observed. This is the first case in which breast carcinoma and myeloid metaplasia coexisted in the same breast tumor.     

The dual coated pit pathway hypothesis: vertebrate cells have both ancient and modern coated pit pathways for receptor mediated endocytosis

The SimPlate Total Plate Count (TPC) test, developed by IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., detects and quantitates total bacterial concentration in food after 24 h of incubation. The performance of SimPlate TPC was compared with that of the plate count agar (PCA) method for enumerating total bacterial concentration of 255 food samples representing 15 different food matrixes. Total bacterial counts on SimPlate TPC were measured after 24 h of incubation and plotted against values obtained from PCA after 48 h. Simple regression analysis of the data showed strong correlation between the methods (r = 0.95); the sensitivity of SimPlate TPC for foodborne bacteria was 96% relative to PCA (slope = 0.96). It was concluded that SimPlate TPC is a suitable alternative for the detection and quantitation of foodborne bacteria. The method has been granted Performance Tested Certification by the AOAC Research Institute.     

Molecular biological approach to functions of telencephalin, a cell adhesion molecule and HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope, which is commonly expressed on cell adhesion molecules in the nervous system

Cell surface carbohydrates modulate a variety of cellular functions, including recognition and adhesion. The HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope, which is recognized by the monoclonal antibody HNK-1, is specifically expressed on a series of cell adhesion molecules and also on some glycolipids in the nervous system over a wide range of species from insect to mammal. The HNK-1 epitope is spatially and temporally regulated during the development of the nervous system and associated with neural crest cell migration, neuron to glial cell adhesion, outgrowth of astrocytic processes and migration of cell body, as well as the preferential outgrowth of neurites from motor neurons. These observations together with the unusual chemical nature of the HNK-1 epitope, namely a non-reducing terminal 3-sulfoglucuronic acid residue, prompted us to study the biosynthesis of the NHK-1 epitope, in which a unique glucuronyltransferase(s) plays a key role. We found that the respective glucuronyltransferases are involved in the biosynthesis of the HNK-1 epitope on glycoproteins (GlcAT-P) and on glycolipids (GlcAT-L). Then, we isolated a novel glucuronyltransferase (GlcAT-P) specific for glycoprotein substrates and its cDNA from the rat brain. The primary structure deduced from the cDNA sequence predicted a type II transmembrane protein with 347 amino acids. Transfection of the GlcAT-P cDNA into COS-1 cells induced not only expression of the HNK-1 epitope on the cell surface but also marked morphological changes of the cells, suggesting that the HNK-1 epitope was associated with the cell-substratum interaction. The GlcAT-P cDNA obtained in this study will be a useful molecular tool to open the way for further steps in the elucidation of the biological function of the HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope in the development of the nervous system.     

Preparation of Aragonite Whiskers

A simple synthetic method for preparing aragonite whiskers has been developed. A suspension of CaCl₂-MgCl₂-Mg(OH)₂ with pH ∼9 has been prepared by adding Ca(OH)₂ to MgCl₂ aqueous solution. CaCO₃ whiskers (aragonite phase) have been prepared easily by blowing CO₂-containing gas into the suspension. The whiskers have high aspect ratios ranging from 20 to 80 with diameters of 0.5–1 μm .     

A wide view auto‐stereoscopic 3D display with an eye‐tracking system for enhanced horizontal viewing position and viewing distance

This paper describes the development of auto‐stereoscopic three‐dimensional (3D) display with an eye‐tracking system for not only the X‐axis (right–left) and Y‐axis (up–down) plane directions but also the Z‐axis (forward–backward) direction. In the past, the eye‐tracking 3D system for the XY‐axes plane directions that we had developed had a narrow 3D viewing space in the Z‐axis direction because of occurrence of 3D crosstalk variation on screen. The 3D crosstalk variation on screen was occurred when the viewer's eye position moved back and forth along the Z‐axis direction. The reason was that the liquid crystal (LC) barrier pitch was fixed and the LC barrier was able to control the only barrier aperture position. To solve this problem, we developed the LC barrier that is able to control the barrier pitch as well as the barrier aperture position in real time, corresponding to the viewer's eye position. As a result, the 3D viewing space has achieved to expand up to 320–1016 mm from the display surface in the Z‐axis direction and within a range of ±267 mm in the X‐axis direction. In terms of the Y‐axis direction, the viewing space is not necessary to be considered, because of a stripe‐shaped parallax barrier.     

Two‐way multi‐view 2‐D/3‐D display combining LC lens and HVxDP panel using novel pixel arrangement

We have developed a two‐way multi‐view 2‐D/3‐D display combining a liquid crystal lens and horizontally and vertically x times‐density pixels (HVxDP) arrangement. The two‐way multi‐view display features the same display resolution in 2‐D and 3‐D modes and a quite small color moiré for landscape and portrait, respectively, when using the HVxDP arrangement. In this paper, we realized suitable 3‐D properties for achieving a good balance between 3‐D moiré and 3‐D crosstalk for landscape and portrait by a two‐way liquid crystal lens with two kinds of focal lengths for the edge part and the center part of the lens.