Theoretical investigation of intrinsic point defects and the oxygen migration behavior in rare earth hafnates

In this work, the composition-dependent point defect types and formation energies of RE₂Hf₂O₇ (RE = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu and Gd) as well as the oxygen diffusion behavior are systematically investigated by first-principles calculations. The possible defect reactions and dominant defect complexes under stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric conditions are revealed. It is found that O Frenkel pairs are the predominant defect in stoichiometric pyrochlore hafnates. Hf-RE cation anti-site defects, accompanied by RE vacancies and/or oxygen interstitials, are stable in the non-stoichiometric case of HfO₂ excess. On the other hand, RE-Hf anti-site defects together with oxygen vacancies and/or RE interstitials are preferable in the case of RE₂O₃ excess. The energy barriers for the migration along the V_O48f - V_O48f pathway of pyrochlore hafnates were calculated to be between 0.81 eV and 0.89 eV. Based on these results, a defect engineering strategy is proposed and the pyrochlore hafnates investigated here are predicted to exhibit potential oxygen ionic conductivity.     

基于形态特征提取的急性下壁心肌梗死BiLSTM网络辅助诊断算法

急性下壁心肌梗死是一种病发急、进展快、致死率高的心脏疾病,该文提出一种新颖的基于形态特征提取的BiLSTM神经网络分类的急性下壁心肌梗死辅助诊断算法,可大幅度提高医生对急性下壁心肌梗死疾病的诊断效率并有助于及时确诊.算法包括:对胸痛中心数据库心拍信号进行降噪及心拍分割;根据临床心内科医学诊断指南提取了12导联波形距离特征和分导联波形幅值特征;依据提取的特征搭建LSTM与BiLSTM神经网络进行心拍的分类识别;使用PTB公开数据库和胸痛中心数据库多临床中心进行交叉验证.实验结果表明,加入胸痛中心真实临床数据后,基于形态特征提取BiLSTM神经网络的急性下壁心肌梗死辅助诊断算法准确率达到99.72％,精度达到99.53％,灵敏度达到100.00％,同时F1-Score达到99.76.该算法比其他现有算法准确率提高至少1％,该项研究具有非常重要的临床应用价值.     

Removal of imidacloprid and acetamiprid from tea infusions by microfiltration membrane

Removal of imidacloprid and acetamiprid in tea infusions by microfiltration membrane using dead‐end model was investigated in the present study. The results showed that microfiltration significantly promoted the removal of both pesticides (P < 0.05) in tea infusions. Furthermore, the extent of removal was strongly influenced by the pore size of membrane, operational pressure and the concentrations of tea infusions. The initial concentration of imidacloprid and acetamiprid showed no significant effect on their removal rates. The maximum removal rates were 79.7% for imidacloprid and 81.9% acetamiprid. The changes in major chemical components of tea infusions after microfiltration were evaluated. The results indicated that microfiltration caused no considerable changes in total polyphenols and total free amino acids, and small but statistically significant losses (6.3–18.0%) of eight catechins and three methylxanthines when filtration volume reached to 200 mL. The present study validated the application of microfiltration as a potentially feasible and promising method for the removal of imidacloprid and acetamiprid residues from tea infusions.     

Preparation and characterization of mullite whisker reinforced ceramics made from coal fly ash

Ceramics with mullite whiskers were prepared from coal fly ash and Al₂O₃ raw materials, with AlF₃ used as an additive. The phase structures and microstructures of the ceramics were identified via X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The results show that pickling of coal fly ash is an effective method for enhancing the flexural strength of ceramics. Sintering temperature and AlF₃ addition were also key factors influencing the creation of ideal ceramics. The ceramic made from pickled coal fly ash, 6?wt% AlF₃, and sintered at 1200?°C, exhibited the highest flexural strength of 59.1?MPa, and had a bulk density of 1.32?g/cm³ and porosity of 26.8%. The results show that ceramic materials made under these conditions are ideal candidates for manufacturing ceramic proppants for the exploitation of unconventional oil and gas resources.     

新发展阶段中国水资源安全保障战略对策

进入新发展阶段，中国水资源安全保障需要以“节水优先、空间均衡、系统治理、两手发力”治水思路为指导，厘清问题、研判趋势、优化对策，支撑新阶段水利高质量发展。本文在全面分析我国水资源安全保障存在的突出问题与面临形势基础上，阐述了新发展阶段中国水资源安全保障的基本思路与战略路径，从保证资源安全、构建国家水网、强化供水保障、建设美丽河湖、改善水环境质量等方面提出了战略对策和需要进一步回答的重大问题，以期为完善新发展阶段中国水资源安全保障战略，全面提高国家水资源安全保障能力提供有力支撑。     

篮球技术多媒体CAI课件在体育教学中的研究与应用价值分析

随着科学技术水平的不断提高，在学校教育中应用多媒体CAI的现象越来越普遍，并且受到了广大师生的喜爱。在篮球技术教学中，多媒体CAI课件得到了广泛的应用，并且发挥了非常重要的作用，促进了学生篮球技术水平的提高，实现了预期的教学效果。     

吐哈盆地克尔碱凹陷煤层煤质特征与成煤环境

为了揭示吐哈盆地克尔碱凹陷不同矿区煤质形成条件，探讨该区煤质与成煤环境的关系，基于对主采煤层样品工业分析、有害组分及灰成分指标等数据分析，在对克尔碱凹陷地层分布、含煤岩系特征等基本地质条件分析的基础上，运用煤地质学、煤岩学、煤化学等理论和方法，系统总结凹陷内各矿区煤层赋存特征、煤质特征，探讨区内煤岩煤质与成煤环境的关系。结果表明：研究区自西向东划分6个主要矿区,区内煤层主要发育于中侏罗统西山窑组（J2x）和下侏罗统八道湾组（J1b）地层之中。研究区煤质呈低灰、低硫、高挥发分特征，煤灰成分以SiO2、Al2O3为主。综合分析表明，研究区中-下侏罗统主要煤层形成于湖泊-河流三角洲淡水沉积环境，具陆相成煤特征，成煤环境温暖潮湿。     

金属多孔材料喷墨制备法的研究与进展

喷墨三维打印作为金属增材制造技术的一种重要方法,已广泛应用于金属多孔材料的制备,具有成本低、操作简单、成型材料范围广、孔结构设计灵活性大,较好的制件精度和结构精细度等优点.系统地总结了钛及钛合金、不锈钢、镍基合金、铝合金等多孔材料喷墨三维打印技术制备工艺与组织结构的国内外最新研究进展、目前存在的问题,以及应用前景.