海上风电单桩基础服役状态现场监测

为了解风电结构在复杂环境中的真实服役状态,对2个风电单桩基础机位先后开展结构振动监测和水下地形扫测,通过分析现场实测数据,分析包含振动特性和冲刷情况在内的风机支撑结构服役状态,并结合设计数据对实测结果进行讨论。现场测试分析结果可为海上风电结构的服役状态监测和设计优化研究提供参考。     

IBI and CA Model based Extraction of Urban Built\|up Areaand Its Application：A Case Study in Shanghai

At present,the automatic extraction of urban built\|up area is still a problem.Taking Shanghai city as an example,this research uses the binary image,which was derived from an IBI(index\|based built\|up index)image,as the geographical cellular automaton initial input data.This was then imported to the extended cellular automata model for further processing.After a series of processing such as thresholding,corrosion and connectivity test,the urban built\|up area was simulated and can be extracted.Based on this method,the urban built\|up area of Shanghai in five different years between 1987 and 2015 was extracted using multi\|temporal Landsat images of Shanghai.In addition,the urban growth intensity index,the concentric buffers analysis and radar chart analysis were calculated and used to analysis spatiotemporal pattern of Shanghai urban expansion in the 28 study years.The result shows that the built\|up area of Shanghai was expanded from 195 km² in 1987 to 1759 km² in 2015,which is eight times as large as that in 1987.In the period between 1987 and 2002,the urban built\|up area expanded mainly along the North\|South axis of the Huangpu River.However,after 2002 the expansion rate was increased more quickly,and the direction of the expansion was shifted to an east to west direction.Generally speaking,Shanghai has experienced a rapid urban expansion in the recent three decades.     

催化剂对4-乙酰氧基苯甲酸的合成影响研究

以对羟基苯甲酸(PHB)和乙酸酐(Ac2O)为原料,醋酸(HAc)为溶剂,考察浓硫酸和杂环化合物催化合成4-乙酰氧基苯甲酸(PABA),反应物配比为羟基苯甲酸∶乙酸酐∶醋酸=1∶1.05∶0.5,确定最佳催化剂加入量、反应时间和反应温度。结果表明,浓硫酸为催化剂时,最佳反应时间2 h,反应温度100℃,催化剂加入量为PHB质量的4%,产率67%;杂环化合物P为催化剂时,最佳反应温度80℃,反应时间2 h,催化剂加入量为PHB质量的0.3%,产率99.8%。杂环化合物比浓硫酸对PABA合成有更好的催化活性,反应条件温和,具有较好的工业化应用前景。     

Mesh fusion using functional blending on topologically incompatible sections

Three-dimensional mesh fusion provides an easy and fast way to create new mesh models from existing ones. We introduce a novel approach of mesh fusion in this paper based on functional blending. Our method has no restriction of disk-like topology or one-ring opening on the meshes to be merged. First of all, sections with boundaries of the under-fusing meshes are converted into implicit representations. An implicit transition surface, which joins the sections together while keeping smoothness at the boundaries, is then created based on cubic Hermite functional blending. Finally, the implicit surface is tessellated to form the resultant mesh. Our scheme is both efficient and simple, and with it users can easily construct interesting, complex 3D models.     

High dynamic range image tone mapping and retexturing using fast trilateral filtering

Using fast trilateral filtering we present a novel tone mapping and retexturing method for high dynamic range (HDR) images. Our new trilateral filtering-based tone mapping is about seven to ten times faster than that in [3]. Firstly, a novel tone mapping algorithm for HDR images is presented. It is based on fast bilateral filtering and two newly developed filters: the quasi-Cauchy function kernel filter and the fourth degree Taylor polynomial kernel filter. Secondly, a new gradient-based image retexturing method is introduced, which consists of three steps: 1) converting HDR images into low dynamic range (LDR) images using our fast trilateral filtering-based tone mapping method; 2) recovering the gradient luminance maps for the region to be retextured; 3) reconstructing the final retextured image by solving the Poisson equation. The proposed approach is suitable for HDR image tone mapping and retexturing, and experimental results have demonstrated the satisfactory performance of our method.     

徽州民居的庭园空间处理剖析

徽州民居平面布局规整 ,轴线明显 ,而住宅的庭院则灵活多变 ,对比鲜明。本文分析了黟县碧山的耕读园和西递胡岐山旧院宅入口庭园空间表现手法 ,以供研究徽州古建筑作参考。     

InP基光电子和微电子器件的应用潜力及开发现状

讨论了ＩｎＰ基光电子和微电子器件的应用潜力和开发现状，指出可靠性和价格问题是ＩｎＰ技术产业化的两个主要障碍。     

某海上风电场基础结构防冲刷物理模型试验

采用2种防冲刷方法对单桩基础进行防护物理模型试验，研究不同防冲刷方法在某海上风电场海况下的防冲刷效果，并进行不同防冲刷方法的成本分析。结果表明，混凝土联锁排防护比抛石防护具有更佳的防护效果。混凝土联锁排防护可通过柔性变形适应土体变形，达到有效防止沙土流失的效果。经综合考虑，抛石防护搭配混凝土联锁排防护为最适合该风电场水文环境的防护方法。     

不同块度煤系软岩崩解性室内试验研究

煤系软岩遇水易软化崩解,基于不同块度煤系软岩的崩解性室内试验,探讨了干湿循环作用下煤系软岩耐崩解性指数和崩解物粒径分布的变化规律,并分析了产生崩解的原因。试验结果表明:(1)随着干湿循环次数的增加,煤系软岩耐崩解性指数呈指数关系降低,且降幅主要发生于前3次循环,并以第一次干湿循环所致降幅最大;(2)不同块度煤系软岩的崩解物均可定名为级配不良砂,其中0.5~5 mm粒径的颗粒含量能较为清楚地反映煤系软岩崩解进程,故建议该粒径范围作为评定煤系软岩崩解稳定的标准之一。     

Haptic‐constraint modeling based on interactive metaballs

Adding interactive haptic‐constraint sensations is important in interactive computer gaming and 3D shape design. Usually constraints are set on vertices of the object to drive the deformation. How to simulate dynamic force constraints in interactive design is still a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a novel haptic‐constraint modeling method based on interactive metaballs, during which the haptic‐constraint tools are attracted to the target location and then control the touch‐enabled deformation within the constrained areas. The interactive force feedbacks facilitate designers to accurately deform the target regions and fine carve the details as their intention on the objects. Our work studies how to apply touch sensation in such constrained deformations using interactive metaballs, thus users can truly feel and control the soft‐touch objects during the deforming interactions. Experimental results show that the dynamic sense of touch during the haptic manipulation is intuitively simulated to users, via the interacting interface we have developed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.