利用NI LabVIEW和CompactRIO进行森林环境监控

0 概述 随着人们对环境气候变化影响的日益关注,全球各地都在致力于减少温室气体的排放量.对环境进行测量与监控的需求因而显得日益迫切.无论是监控土壤、水和空气的完整性,还是管控大型生产设备排入环境中的化学品剂量,NI推出的软硬件工具均能帮助构建自定义系统,以满足多样化的监控需求.无论是在工厂车间,还是在森林冠层,NI Compact RIO平台适合各类严酷环境,并提供数据记录、分析和测量功能.     

UV laser ablation of polyetherimide embossing tools for the packaging of membranes and microchannels using sealing bosses

The packaging of membranes adjacent to microchannels is of growing interest. To facilitate this, microgrooves were laser machined into a polyetherimide (PEI) embossing tool to produce sealing bosses for embossed polycarbonate (PC) microchannel laminae. Laser ablation was conducted using a Nd:YAG laser at 355 nm. Sealing bosses were produced and characterized by hot embossing of PC sheet using the PEI tool as a master. Sealing bosses of around 10 μm in height were successfully reproduced. Laser power between 0.3 and 0.7 W and scan speeds of 200 to 400 mm/s were found to be most important for controlling the boss height. As expected, the boss width was found to be dependent on the laser beam diameter. The effect of specimen flatness was found to be negligible.     

Compound interactions effects of plant antioxidants in combination with carbaryl on performance ofTrichoplusia ni (Cabbage Looper)

Plant chemicals naturally exist in complex mixtures, which can interact either additively, synergistically, or antagonistically. We investigated the potential interactions of three naturally occurring antioxidants— nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), safrole, and -tocopherol—with the general insecticide carbarayl to affect the performance of cabbage looper larvae (Trichoplusia ni). The cabbage looper is known to produce a mixed-function oxidase enzyme system in response to the presence of carbaryl. We proposed that plant antioxidants would interfere with enzymatic oxidation, enhancing the susceptibility of this insect to carbaryl. Insects were fed artificial diets containing each antioxidant alone or in pairwise combinations with the insecticide carbaryl to test for their effects on the insect's nutritional measurement indices. The three antioxidants tested were not equally effective individually against insect survivorship and interacted differentially in combination with the insecticide. The nutritional indices were measured on insects fed diets containing the chemicals at nonlethal doses. Insects fed 0.001 % wet wt NDGA diets grew 1.62 times less, and had gross and net conversion efficiencies reduced 3.20 and 3.63 times, respectively, compared to the control larvae. Carbaryl (0.002% wet wt) in combination with NDGA acts as an antagonist to the effects mentioned above, while safrole (1 × 10^–4 wet wt) had an additive effect when combined with the insecticide, reducing 1.76 times larval relative growth rate and efficiency of conversion of ingested food in respect to the control. The larvae fed significantly more (1.2 times) on both insecticide and safrole diets than on the controls or their combined diets. Larvae fed -tocopherol alone or in combination with carbaryl had similar growth and conversion efficiencies as controls. We conclude that the effects of different combinations of compounds cannot be predicted a priori and must be determined experimentally.Operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by the University of California under Contract No. DE-ACO3-76-SF00012. This article was supported by the Center for Intermedia Transport Research (EPA Contract CR-81172-01) and by the Ecological Research Division of the Office of Health and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy.