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1.
为了准确模拟裂缝性基岩气藏产能,以柴达木盆地东坪区块为例,将区块内裂缝性基岩气藏视为离散裂缝与基质岩体介质,建立裂缝性基岩气藏产能有限元计算模型.在考虑水力压裂裂缝应力敏感性、气藏流体的高压物性非线性和随机分布天然裂缝基础上,采用Galerkin加权残值法将渗流方程进行空间离散,并通过Newton-Raphson迭代求解非线性方程组,实现裂缝型基岩气藏离散裂缝网络产能模拟,分析天然裂缝、人工裂缝对研究区块内水平井分段压裂后产能模拟结果的影响规律.结果表明:忽略应力敏感会过高估计产量,相比而言,考虑水力裂缝应力敏感性的产能拟合结果更符合实际;基岩气藏渗流压力场主要受主裂缝导流能力控制,离散分布的不连通天然裂缝对压力场的影响较弱;离散不连通的天然裂缝对增产作用效果不明显,水力压裂应重点提高人工裂缝导流能力或沟通天然裂缝;东坪区块基岩气藏最优导流和最优缝长分别为15 D·cm和200~250 m.  相似文献   
2.
Samples in Si–Al-R-O-N (R = Y, Gd, Yb) systems were prepared by solid-state reactions using R2O3, Al2O3, SiO2 and Si3N4 powders as starting materials. X-ray diffraction was done to investigate RAM-J(R) solid solutions [RAM = R4Al2O9, J(R) = R4Si2N2O7] formation and their equilibrium with RSO (R4Si2O10). Phase relations between RAM, J(R) and RSO at 1700 °C were summarized in a phase diagram. It was determined that a limited solid solution of RAM and RSO could be formed along RAM-RSO tie-line, while RAM and J(R) form a continuous solid solution along RAM-J(R) tie-line. In RAM-J(R)-RSO ternary systems, the RAM-J(R) tie-lines were extended towards the RSO corner to form a continuous solid solution area of JRAMss (R = Y, Gd, Yb). The established phase relations in the Si–Al-R-O-N (R = Y, Gd, Yb) systems may facilitate compositional selections for developing JRAMss as monolithic ceramics or for SiC/Si3N4 based composites using the solid-solutions as a second refractory phase.  相似文献   
3.
为提高压电泵的输出性能,设计了一种新型轴向出流的单腔有阀压电泵。泵体结构主要由3部分构成,即固定压电振子的上盖、带有腔体结构和被动截止阀的中间体及起压紧和密封作用的下盖。轴向出流的单腔压电泵的结构是将进口阀安装在圆柱形腔体的中心位置,保证进口管的轴线与压电振子垂直,出口阀安装在泵腔外,通过导流槽与泵腔连接,形成轴向进出流方式。将轴向出流的单腔压电泵和早期设计的侧向出流压电泵进行输出性能测试,试验发现,在低频工作阶段,侧向出流的单腔压电泵输出效果要略高于轴向出流,在高频工作阶段,后者要高于前者,而在整个40~400 Hz测试范围内,后者输出的液体压力都要高于前者。  相似文献   
4.
In this study, we investigate the immunomodulatory effects of a novel antimicrobial peptide, YD1, isolated from Kimchi, in both in vitro and in vivo models. We establish that YD1 exerts its anti-inflammatory effects via up-regulation of the Nrf2 pathway, resulting in the production of HO-1, which suppresses activation of the NF-κB pathway, including the subsequent proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. We also found that YD1 robustly suppresses nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by down-regulating the expression of the upstream genes, iNOS and COX-2, acting as a strong antioxidant. Collectively, YD1 exhibits vigorous anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, presenting it as an interesting potential therapeutic agent.  相似文献   
5.
Owing to the prohibition of cosmetic animal testing, various attempts have recently been made using skin-on-a-chip (SOC) technology as a replacement for animal testing. Previously, we reported the development of a pumpless SOC capable of drug testing with a simple drive using the principle that the medium flows along the channel by gravity when the chip is tilted using a microfluidic channel. In this study, using pumpless SOC, instead of drug testing at the single-cell level, we evaluated the efficacy of α-lipoic acid (ALA), which is known as an anti-aging substance in skin equivalents, for skin tissue and epidermal structure formation. The expression of proteins and changes in genotyping were compared and evaluated. Hematoxylin and eosin staining for histological analysis showed a difference in the activity of fibroblasts in the dermis layer with respect to the presence or absence of ALA. We observed that the epidermis layer became increasingly prominent as the culture period was extended by treatment with 10 μM ALA. The expression of epidermal structural proteins of filaggrin, involucrin, keratin 10, and collagen IV increased because of the effect of ALA. Changes in the epidermis layer were noticeable after the ALA treatment. As a result of aging, damage to the skin-barrier function and structural integrity is reduced, indicating that ALA has an anti-aging effect. We performed a gene analysis of filaggrin, involucrin, keratin 10, integrin, and collagen I genes in ALA-treated human skin equivalents, which indicated an increase in filaggrin gene expression after ALA treatment. These results indicate that pumpless SOC can be used as an in vitro skin model similar to human skin, protein and gene expression can be analyzed, and it can be used for functional drug tests of cosmetic materials in the future. This technology is expected to contribute to the development of skin disease models.  相似文献   
6.
基于现有热成形零件冷弯性能不足、氢脆敏感性强等共性技术问题,在22MnB5钢的基础上采用Nb、V微合金化的设计思路,对试验钢的显微组织、淬透性和极限尖冷弯性能进行研究。结果表明:微合金化前后22MnB5热成形钢的显微组织均为全马氏体,但是微合金化后的试验钢组织更为细小;Nb-V微合金化能有效提高22MnB5热成形钢的淬透性,其淬硬层深度达到13~14 mm,并且试验钢的极限尖冷弯角达到58°~72°,进一步拓宽了热冲压成形的工艺窗口。综合分析试验钢微观组织、淬透性能及极限尖冷弯性能的检测结果,添加0.04%Nb和0.04%V实现复合微合金化,提升材料的综合强塑性,满足了高冷弯性能汽车零部件用材需求。  相似文献   
7.
Microbiologically influenced corrosion induced by bacteria has been studied for many years. Corrosion is known to be sensitive to the presence of microalgae, such as Phaeodactylum tricornutum. However, the life activity of P. tricornutum that influences the general and localized corrosion of carbon steel is not fully understood. The current study uses a combination of immersion tests and electrochemical experiments with a detailed surface characterization to reveal the naturally formed corrosion products with/without the presence of P. tricornutum. The results show that samples suffer from pitting corrosion and the averaged pit depths are approximately 15 μm under a light–dark cycle condition or a 24-h constant light condition. Meanwhile, the corrosion products are mainly comprised of γ-FeOOH and Fe3O4 in a constant light condition. However, γ-FeOOH, Fe3O4, and FeCO3 are found in a light–dark cycle. This study proposes the fundamental mechanisms of the effect of P. tricornutum life activities on the corrosion performance of Q235 carbon steel, to fulfill the knowledge gaps of the presence of microalgae inducing the general and pitting corrosion of carbon steel.  相似文献   
8.
翟瑞  杨昭  张勇  吕子建  陈裕博 《化工学报》2021,72(10):5424-5429
当前环境问题日益突出,天然工质氨作为环保性制冷剂再次引起科学界的广泛重视。但NH3存在可燃可爆性问题,在实际应用中存在着一定的安全隐患。采用量子化学密度泛函理论计算方法,在M06-2X/6-311+G(d,p)的计算水平上,对NH3的燃烧及阻燃机理开展研究,得到反应过程的微观反应路径。研究表明,NH3可通过三种方式发生燃烧微观反应,一是发生自身裂解反应,生成H自由基;二是与氧气发生碰撞反应,生成OOH自由基;三是与活性自由基发生碰撞反应,生成新的活性自由基,NH3可与H、O、OH自由基反应,反应能垒较低。此外,还计算了两种典型的阻燃基团F和CF3对可燃分子NH3的微观阻燃路径,验证其阻燃效果。本文从微观分子的角度考察了可燃工质氨的燃烧及阻燃机理,为新一代低温室效应工质的燃烧及阻燃机制提供了参考。  相似文献   
9.
10.
Sialidosis, caused by a genetic deficiency of the lysosomal sialidase gene (NEU1), is a systemic disease involving various tissues and organs, including the nervous system. Understanding the neurological dysfunction and pathology associated with sialidosis remains a challenge, partially due to the lack of a human model system. In this study, we have generated two types of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with sialidosis-specific NEU1G227R and NEU1V275A/R347Q mutations (sialidosis-iPSCs), and further differentiated them into neural precursor cells (iNPCs). Characterization of NEU1G227R- and NEU1V275A/R347Q- mutated iNPCs derived from sialidosis-iPSCs (sialidosis-iNPCs) validated that sialidosis-iNPCs faithfully recapitulate key disease-specific phenotypes, including reduced NEU1 activity and impaired lysosomal and autophagic function. In particular, these cells showed defective differentiation into oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, while their neuronal differentiation was not notably affected. Importantly, we found that the phenotypic defects of sialidosis-iNPCs, such as impaired differentiation capacity, could be effectively rescued by the induction of autophagy with rapamycin. Our results demonstrate the first use of a sialidosis-iNPC model with NEU1G227R- and NEU1V275A/R347Q- mutation(s) to study the neurological defects of sialidosis, particularly those related to a defective autophagy–lysosome pathway, and may help accelerate the development of new drugs and therapeutics to combat sialidosis and other LSDs.  相似文献   
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