Influence of pore water pressure on upper bound analysis of collapse shape for square tunnel in Hoek-Brown media

To investigate the effective shape of collapsing block in square tunnel subjected to pore water pressure, the analytical solution of detaching curve was derived using upper bound theorem of limit analysis with Hoek-Brown failure criterion. The work rate of pore water pressure, which was regarded as an external rate of work, was taken into account in the framework of limit analysis. Taking advantages of variational calculation, the objective function with respect to detaching curve was optimized to obtain the effective shape of collapsing block for square tunnel. According to the numerical results, it is found that the varying pore water pressure coefficient only affects the height and width of the collapsing block, whereas the shape of collapsing block remains unchanged.     

Stability analysis of shallow tunnels subjected to seepage with strength reduction theory

Based on strength reduction theory, the stability numbers of shallow tunnels were investigated within the framework of upper and lower bound theorems of limit analysis. Stability solutions taking into account of water seepage were presented and compared with those without considering seepage. The comparisons indicate that the maximum difference does not exceed 3.7%, which proves the present method credible. The results show that stability numbers of shallow tunnels considering seepage are much less than those without considering seepage, and that the difference of stability numbers between considering seepage and without considering seepage increase with increasing the depth ratio. The stability numbers decrease with increasing permeability coefficient and groundwater depth. Seepage has significant effects on the stability numbers of shallow tunnels.     

孔隙水压力作用下盾构隧道开挖面支护力上限研究

基于极限分析上限定理和空间离散技术,构建了适用于在饱和土体中掘进的盾构隧道开挖面上限破坏机制。在此基础上,将孔隙水压力做的功率作为一个外力功率引入上限定理的虚功率方程,通过优化计算,得到了孔隙水压力作用下盾构隧道开挖面支护力的上限解。为了证明上限解的有效性,基于数值模拟技术计算了孔隙水压力作用下隧道开挖面极限支护力的数值解,并将得到的数值解和上限解进行了对比分析,结果表明,上限解和数值解非常接近。最后,分析了参数变化对开挖面支护力和破坏面的影响,分析结果表明:孔隙水压力对支护力上限解影响明显而对开挖面破坏范围的影响不大。     

考虑孔隙水压力效应和非线性破坏准则的 浅埋地下洞室支护力上限分析

由于孔隙水压力的作用,位于饱和土体中地下结构的力学和变形特征与完全干燥土体中的结构有很大不同。根据浅埋地下洞室的非线性破坏特征构建了一个新的曲线形破坏机制,并将孔隙水压力做的功率作为一个外力功率引入极限分析上限定理的虚功率方程中,推导了孔隙水压力作用下饱和土体中浅埋洞室支护力和速度间断线上限解的解析表达式。利用变分原理,对此支护力的上限解进行了优化计算,得到了支护力的最优上限解,并对单一影响参数变化下的支护力随埋深变化规律和洞室顶部塌落面的形状进行了研究。研究结果表明：孔隙水压力对饱和土体中浅埋洞室的支护力和塌落面均有重大影响;支护力和塌落面都随孔隙水压力系数的增大而增大。     

地下水渗流作用下的盾构隧道开挖面安全系数上限分析

利用数值模拟技术对地下水渗流情况下盾构隧道开挖面的渗流场进行模拟,获得了隧道开挖面周边各节点的孔隙水压力。基于极限分析上限定理,利用各节点孔隙水压力计算出隧道开挖面上限破坏机制中的孔隙水压力功率,并将其视为一个外力功率代入虚功率方程中,构建出考虑渗流影响的开挖面安全系数目标函数。通过非线性序列二次规划法对该目标函数进行优化计算,得到开挖面安全系数上限解。利用强度折减法验证了该方法的有效性,并将其用于考虑地下水渗流作用的盾构隧道工程实例分析。研究表明:在考虑地下水渗流的情况下,开挖面安全系数随土体黏聚力、摩擦角、开挖面支护力的增大而增大,随地下水位的升高而减小;开挖面的破坏范围随摩擦角的增大而显著减小,但地下水位线的位置对开挖面的破坏范围影响较小。     

基于非线性破坏准则和强度折减法的浅埋隧道安全系数上限解

隧道工程中常用的安全系数是一种评估隧道稳定性的有效指标。为了研究非线性破坏准则下浅埋隧道的稳定性,基于已有的直线型多块体破坏机制,采用切线法将非线性破坏准则引入上限定理的能耗计算,结合强度折减法,构建了极限状态下隧道安全系数的目标函数。采用序列二次优化迭代法对此目标函数进行优化,得到了浅埋隧道整体安全系数的上限解,并对不同参数作用下浅埋隧道安全系数的变化规律进行了研究。研究结果表明:非线性系数m对隧道安全系数和极限状态下隧道破坏面的影响十分显著。当其他参数一定时,安全系数随非线性系数m的增大而减小。极限状态下隧道破坏面随m的增大向外扩展,潜在破坏范围增大。     

Slope stability analysis considering joined influences of nonlinearity and dilation

The soil masses of slopes were assumed to follow a nonlinear failure criterion and a nonassociated flow rule. The stability factors of slopes were calculated using vertical slice method based on limit analysis. The potential sliding mass was divided into a series of vertical slices as well as the traditional slice technique. Equating the external work rate to the internal energy dissipation, the optimum solutions to stability factors were determined by the nonlinear programming algorithm. From the numerical results, it is found that the present solutions agree well with previous results when the nonlinear criterion reduces to the linear criterion, and the nonassociated flow rule reduces to the associated flow rule. The stability factors decrease by 39.7% with nonlinear parameter varying from 1.0 to 3.0. Dilation and nonlinearity have significant effects on the slope stability factors. Foundation item: Project (200550) supported by the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China; Project (200631878557) supported by West Traffic of Science and Technology of China     

Modified image analytical solutions for ground displacement using nonuniform convergence model

Based on the image theory,the analytical solutions of tunneling-induced ground displacement were derived in conjunction with the nonuniform convergence model.The reasonable value of Poisson ratio in the analytical solution was discussed.The ground settlement width parameter which could reflect the ground condition was introduced to modify the analytical solutions proposed above,and new analytical solutions were presented.To evaluate the validity of the present solutions using the nonuniform convergence mode...     

Influences of strain softening and seepage on elastic and plastic solutions of circular openings in nonlinear rock masses

Considering the influence of strain softening, the solutions of stress, displacement, plastic softening region radius and plastic residual region radius were derived for circular openings in nonlinear rock masses subjected to seepage. The radial stress distribution curve, ground reaction curve, and relation curve between plastic softening region radius and supporting force in three different conditions were drawn respectively. From the comparisons among these results for different conditions, it is found that when the supporting force is the same, the displacement of tunnel wall considering both seepage and strain softening is 85.71% greater than that only considering seepage. The increase values of radial displacement at 0.95 m and plastic softening region radius at 6.6 m show that the seepage and strain softening have the most unfavorable effects on circular opening stability in strain softening rock masses.