Mg_(2.1)Ni与Mg_(1.6)La_(0.5)Ni合金的组织结构与吸放氢性能

采用SEM与XRD分析了Mg_(2.1)Ni与Mg_(1.6)La_(0.5)Ni合金的显微组织与相结构,用Sievert法测试了合金的活化性能以及吸放氢动力学。结果表明:Mg_(2.1)Ni合金的室温组织为脊椎状的Mg_2Ni相和层片状Mg_2Ni/Mg共晶组织,而Mg_(1.6)La_(0.5)Ni合金组织为块状La2Mg17相、长条状LaMg_3相镶嵌于Mg_2Ni基体相中;合金的吸氢活化性能与成分有关,Mg_(2.1)Ni合金的活化性能相对较差,而Mg_(1.6)La_(0.5)Ni合金的活化性能优异;合金的吸放氢动力学与La加入有关,Mg_(1.6)La_(0.5)Ni合金的吸放氢动力学优于Mg_(2.1)Ni合金,这归因于La加入使合金组织疏松、较多的晶界/相界、以及具有催化效应的La_4H_(12.19)相出现,但La_4H_(12.19)相具有较高的热稳定性,这降低合金氢化物的放氢率。     

La2Ni7和LaMgNi7储氢合金电子结构的研究

采用密度泛函理论研究了La2Ni7和LaMg-Ni7储氢合金的电子结构,探讨了微观结构和合金宏观性能之间的关联性.结果表明,含Mg元素的LaMgNi7体系形成成键作用的Ni-Mg键,体系稳定性高于纯La2Ni7体系.同时LaMgNi7体系中的Ni-Ni键强度弱于La2Ni7体系中的相应键,降低了H进入体系的能量壁垒,改...     

Effect of substitution of aluminum for nickel on electrochemical properties of La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.5–x)Co_(0.2)Al_x hydrogen storage alloys

La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.5–xCo0.2Alx (x=0–0.09) hydrogen storage alloys were prepared by induction melting and effect of Al substitution for Ni on phase constitution and electrochemical property was investigated.With the substitution of Al for Ni,LaNi5 and LaNi2 phases occurred and (La,Mg)2(Ni,Co,Al)7 phase with hexagonal Ce2Ni7-type structure replaced (La,Mg)2(Ni,Co)7 phase.The cell volumes of LaNi5 and (La,Mg)2(Ni,Co,Al)7 main phases increased with increasing Al content.Some electrochemical properties and kinetic parameters of the alloys,including discharge capacity,high rate discharge ability (HRD),loss angle (ψ),exchange current density (I0) and limiting current density (IL),decreased with increasing amount of substitution of Al for Ni.Substitution of Al for Ni could be favorable for positive shift in corrosion potential of the alloy electrode,and prolonged cyclic lifetime of La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.5–xCo0.2Alx (x=0–0.09) alloy electrodes.     

储氢合金电极失效的机理分析及研究进展

分析了储氢合金电极失效的四种基本理论,即合金颗粒粉化、元素氧化、吸氢非晶化与释氢晶化、电化学腐蚀机制,并综述其研究进展,提出延缓合金电极容量衰减,改善其循环性能的有效控制途径.     

铸态和退火态A2B7型La—Mg—Ni系合金的电化学研究

为了改善铸态La3MgNi14合金的电化学性能,在0．3MPa氩气气氛下对La3MgNi14合金进行了10h退火处理,退火温度分别为1123,1223和1323K。采用x射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和电化学实验研究了合金的微观结构和电化学性能。结果表明,铸态及1123K温度退火后的合金由LaNi5相、（La,Mg）2Ni7相以及少量的LaNi2相组成。1223K温度退火后合金含有LaNis,（La,Mg）2Ni7和（La。Mg）Ni3相。1323K温度退火后合金的主相为LaNi5和（La,Mg）Ni3相。与铸态合金相比,退火后合金组织更加均匀,晶粒长大。随着退火温度的增加,合金的一些电化学性能（如最大放电容量、放电效率、循环稳定性）以及动力学参数（如高倍率放电性能）增强,而电位差和电荷迁移电阻降低。在本研究范围内,为了放电容量和循环稳定性之问的平衡,铸态La3MgNi14合金的适宜退火温度为1323K。     

La-Mg-Ni系合金循环容量衰减的机理

制备铸态及退火后La<,0.75>Mg<,0.25>Ni<,3.44>Co<,0.2>Al<,0.06>合金,以研究La-Mg-Ni系合金的循环容量衰减机理.XRD、SEM和电化学分析表明:合金的主相为(La,Mg)<,2>(Ni,Co,Al)<,7>,还有La(Ni,Co)<,5>和La(Ni,Co)<,2>相.退火...     

Effects of rapid quenching on microstructures and electrochemical properties of La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55Co0.45Bx（x=O-0.2） hydrogen storage alloy

In order to improve the electrochemical performances of La-Mg-Ni based electrode alloys with PuNi3-type structure, a trace of boron was added in La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55Co0.45 alloy. The La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55Co0.45Bx（a=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2） alloys were prepared by casting and rapid quenching. The electrochemical performances and microstructures of the as-cast and quenched alloys were investigated. The effects of rapid quenching on the microstructures and electrochemical performances of the above alloys were investigated. The results show that the as-cast and quenched alloys are composed of （La, Mg）Ni3 phase, LaNi5 phase and LaNi2 phase. A trace of the Ni2B phase exists in the as-cast alloys containing boron, and the Ni2B phase in the B-contained alloys nearly disappears after rapid quenching. Rapid quenching increases the amount of the LaNi2 phase in the B-free alloy, but it decreases the amount of the LaNi2 phase in the boron-containing alloys. The effects of rapid quenching on the capacities of the boron-containing and boron-free alloys are different. The capacity of the B-free alloy monotonously decreases with increasing quenching rate, whereas the capacities of the B-contained alloys have a maximum value with the change of the quenching rate. The rapid quenching can improve the stability of La-Mg-Ni based electrode alloy but lowers the discharge plateau voltage and decreases the plateau length. The effect of rapid quenching on the activation capabilities of the alloys was complicated.     

从黄石长江堤防看堤防投资效益

1998年湖北省黄石市长江堤防在特大洪水面前,镇狂澜锁大江巍然屹立,人们对它的存在价值无不刮目相看。 一、黄石长江干堤防洪投资概况 湖北省黄石市位于长江中游南岸,是湖北省第二大工业城市。长江流经黄石市东北边境,城区长江干堤上与鄂州市交界,下与阳新县毗邻,全长28.23公里(1997年阳新县划归黄石市管辖后,境内长江干堤全长58.311公里,本文所作投资分析,仅