区域热水采暖系统多目标稳态在线优化控制的动态仿真

提要通过创建直接连接区域热水采暖系统数学模型和多目标稳态在线优化模型,对此系统不同控制策略进行动态模拟。仿真结果显示单纯应用室外气候补偿控制不能获得预期的室温舒适性和节能效果,而采用基于多目标稳态在线优化控制策略不但能满足室温舒适性目标,且可获得近16%的节能效益。     

Preparation and Properties of Smart Thermal Control and Radiation Protection Materials for Multi-functional Structure of Small Spacecraft

Considering the unique properties of small spacecraft,such as light weight,low power-consumption and high heat flux density,a new kind of lightweight boron carbide(B 4 C) radiation-protection coating material was proposed.New techniques for preparing LSMO thermal control coating and B 4 C radiation-protection coating were developed.The sample piece of multi-functional structure was manufactured by using the proposed materials,and a series of performance tests,such as thermal control and radiation-protection behaviors were evaluated.Test results show that:the emissivity of the multi-functional structure varies from 0.42 to 0.86 at 240 K to 353 K and the phase transition temperature is about 260 K.The electron radiation-protection ability of the multi-functional structure is 3.3 times better than that of Al material.The performance index of this multi-functional structure can meet the requirements for space application in on-board electronic equipment.     

基于石英球面弯曲晶体的X射线成像研究

为了诊断惯性约束聚变的聚爆靶的尺寸、形状、分布和均匀性等情况,利用X射线布拉格衍射理论,搭建了基于球面弯曲晶体的X射线背光成像系统。其核心元件是α-石英球面弯晶,α-石英晶体性质稳定,结构完整,反射率和分辨率高。弯曲晶体尺寸为65mm×20mm,弯曲半径为143.3mm。利用该背光成像系统进行了单色X射线背光成像实验。成像物体为3×3阵列的正方形不锈钢网格,利用接收装置磷屏成像板,得到清晰的Cr KαX射线背光源二维空间分辨,在9.6mm×28.7mm的视场范围内,其像的空间分辨率大约为83.3μm。实验结果表明α-石英球面弯曲晶体适合于X射线的背光诊断研究。     

Analysis and design of a 1.8-2.7 GHz tunable 8-band TDD LTE receiver front-end

This paper describes the analysis and design of a 0.13μm CMOS tunable receiver front-end that supports 8 TDD LTE bands,covering the 1.8-2.7 GHz frequency band and supporting the 5/10/15/20 MHz bandwidth and QPSK/16QAM/64QAM modulation schemes.The novel zero-IF receiver core consists of a tunable narrowband variable gain low-noise amplifier(LNA),a current commutating passive down-conversion mixer with a 2nd order low pass trans-impedance amplifier,an LO divider,a rough gain step variable gain pre-amplifier,a tunable 4th order Chebyshev channel select active-RC low pass filter with cutoff frequency calibration circuit and a fine gain step variable gain amplifier.The LNA can be tuned by reconfiguring the output parallel LC tank to the responding frequency band,eliminating the fixed center frequency multiple LNA array for a multi-mode receiver. The large various gain range and bandwidth of the analog baseband can also be tuned by digital configuration to satisfy the specification requirement of various bandwidth and modulation schemes.The test chip is implemented in an SMIC 0.13μm 1P8M CMOS process.The full receiver achieves 4.6 dB NF,-14.5 dBm out of band IIP3, 30-94 dB gain range and consumes 54 mA with a 1.2 V power supply.     

Optical and electrical properties of porous silicon layer formed on the textured surface by electrochemical etching

Porous silicon(PS) layers were formed on textured crystalline silicon by electrochemical etching in HF-based electrolyte.Optical and electrical properties of the TMAH textured surfaces with PS formation are studied. Moreover,the influences of the initial structures and the anodizing time on the optical and electrical properties of the surfaces after PS formation are investigated.The results show that the TMAH textured surfaces with PS formation present a dramatic decrease in reflectance.The longer the anodizing time is,the lower the reflectance.Moreover,an initial surface with bigger pyramids achieved lower reflectance in a short wavelength range.A minimum reflectance of 3.86%at 460 nm is achieved for a short anodizing time of 2 min.Furthermore,the reflectance spectrum of the sample,which was etched in 3 vol.%TMAH for 25 min and then anodized for 20 min,is extremely flat and lies between 3.67%and 6.15%in the wavelength range from 400 to 1040 nm.In addition,for a short anodizing time,a slight increase in the effective carrier lifetime is observed.Our results indicate that PS layers formed on a TMAH textured surface for a short anodization treatment can be used as both broadband antireflection coatings and passivation layers for the application in solar cells.     

压力载荷下多层波纹管振动特性的仿真分析

基于接触力学和静力学有限元算法,采用壳单元建立了压力载荷作用下的多层无加强、无阻尼波纹管三维有限元模型。运用ANSYS有限元分析软件,对压力载荷作用下的多层无加强、无阻尼波纹管的静力学和振动性能进行了数值模拟,获得了不同压力载荷作用下多层波纹管的应力云图、应变云图、轴向固有频率和振型。设计了一套压力载荷下波纹管振动性能试验装置及方法,利用对数衰减法获得了波纹管的固有频率,验证了有限元模型的正确性。     

Receptance Coupling for Tool Point Dynamics Prediction on Machine Tools

Chatter has been a primary obstacle to the successful implementation of high speed machining.The frequency response function(FRF) of the tool point is crucial for identification of chatter free cutting conditions.In order to quickly acquire the FRF of the different components combinations of machine tool,the assembly of machine tool was always decomposed into several parts,where the fluted portion of tool,however,was always treated as a uniform beam,and the associated discrepancy was ignored.This paper presents a new method to predict the dynamic response of the machine-spindle-holder-tool assembly using the receptance coupling substructure analysis technique,where the assembly is divided into three parts:machine-spindle,holder and tool shank,and tool’s fluted portion.Impact testing is used to measure the receptance of machine-spindle,the Timoshenko beam model is employed to analyze the dynamics of holder and tool shank,and the finite element method(FEM) is used to calculate the receptance of the tool’s fluted portion.The approximation of the fluted portion cross section using an equivalent diameter is also addressed.All the individual receptances are coupled by using substructure method.The predicted assembly receptance is experimentally verified for three different tool overhang lengths.The results also show that the equivalent diameter beam model reaches an acceptable accuracy.The proposed approach is helpful to predict the tool point dynamics rapidly in industry.     

Target Tracking Algorithm Using Finite-time Convergence Smooth Second-order Sliding Mode Controller for Mobile Robots

Target tracking control for wheeled mobile robot (WMR) need resolve the problems of kinematics model and tracking algorithm.High-order sliding mode control is a valid method used in the nonlinear tracking control system,which can eliminate the chattering of sliding mode control.Currently there lacks the research of robustness and uncertain factors for high-order sliding mode control.To address the fast convergence and robustness problems of tracking target,the tracking mathematical model of WMR and the target is derived.Based on the finite-time convergence theory and second order sliding mode method,a nonlinear tracking algorithm is designed which guarantees that WMR can catch the target in finite time.At the same time an observer is applied to substitute the uncertain acceleration of the target,then a smooth nonlinear tracking algorithm is proposed.Based on Lyapunov stability theory and finite-time convergence,a finite time convergent smooth second order sliding mode controller and a target tracking algorithm are designed by using second order sliding mode method.The simulation results verified that WMR can catch up the target quickly and reduce the control discontinuity of the velocity of WMR.     

基于序列运算的风电可信容量计算方法

风电可信容量是衡量风电对电力系统可靠性贡献的重要标志,准确快速地评估风电可信容量具有重要意义。提出一种基于序列运算的风电可信容量计算方法。通过序列化的方法描述常规机组、风电机组以及负荷的随机性,并利用基本的序列运算实现了考虑风电出力的随机生产模拟,进而通过迭代计算风电可信容量。采用加入风电后的IEEERTS．79算例测试了算法的有效性与快速性。结果表明,与传统蒙特卡罗法相比,所提出的计算方法在保证计算精度的情况下提高了计算速度。利用所提出的方法计算了江苏省千万千瓦级风电基地的可信容量,并研究了虚拟机组的参数对风电可信容量的影响规律。     

台北植物园,台湾,中国

<正>台北植物园是具有百年历史并拥有千年考古遗址的基地,是一个充满象征意义及时间涵意的空间。设计通过以下3个问题展开:1.如何转化这个城区核心的自然景观板块,在高密度城市环境中再生自然?2.在有限基地前提下,如何保存且扩大现有生物承