一种基于FCOS神经网络的小建筑物目标检测方法北大核心

提出了一种基于FCOS神经网络的小建筑物目标检测算法,针对FCOS模型在特征提取阶段提取到的小建筑物目标特征较少问题,引入多尺度检测和可变形卷积方式,加强网络对小建筑物目标的特征提取能力,并通过改进后的SGE注意力机制降低特征图中的干扰噪声权重。改进后的网络可以提取到更多的小建筑物目标特征,对环境干扰噪声的鲁棒性更强。在自己搭建的数据集上进行了实验测试,结果表明,在相同环境下网络改进后建筑物的整体检测准确率提升了1.7%,其中对小建筑物目标提升了3.6%,减少了小建筑物目标漏检、误检的问题。     

Concentration fluctuation caused by reaction-diffusion coupling near catalytic active sites

The coupling of reaction and diffusion between neighboring active sites in the catalyst pore leads to the spatiotemporal fluctuation in component concentration, which is very important to catalyst performance and hence its optimal design. Molecular dynamics simulation with hard-sphere and pseudo-particle modeling has previously revealed the non-stochastic concentration fluctuation of the reactant/product near isolated active site due to such coupling, using a simple model reaction of A → B in 2D pores. The topic is further developed in this work by studying the concentration fluctuation due to such coupling between neighboring active sites in 3D pores. Two 3D pore models containing an isolated active site and two adjacent active sites were constructed, respectively. For the isolated site, the concentration fluctuation intensifies for larger pores, but the product yield decreases, and for a given pore size, the product yield reaches a peak at a certain reactant concentration. For two neighboring sites, their distance (d) is found to have little effect on the reaction, but significant to the diffusion. For the same reaction competing at both sites, larger d leads to more efficient diffusion and better overall performance. However, for sequential reactions at the two sites, higher overall performance presents at a smaller d. The results should be helpful to the catalyst design and reaction control in the relevant processes.     

超高加速度宏微运动平台连接臂的疲劳分析及优化设计

提高连接臂的疲劳寿命对于宏微运动平台超高加速度和超精密定位的实现起着非常重要的作用。文中针对超高加速度宏微运动平台关键部件连接臂展开研究：采用SolidWorks软件搭建连接臂模型，通过有限元分析软件ANSYS Workbench对连接臂进行静力分析、疲劳分析。为了提高连接臂疲劳寿命，以满足连接臂的工作要求为约束条件，以连接臂的质量最小、寿命最高为优化目标进行拓扑优化研究。基于拓扑优化结果，对模型进行优化，所获得的优化后的连接臂模型与优化前模型进行对比，结果表明优化后的连接臂在质量减少的同时大幅提高了寿命，这为超高加速度宏微运动平台实现超精密定位提供了理论支持。     

基于m-Ucosφ平面识别振荡期间输电线路不对称故障的方法EI北大核心CSCD

距离保护作为输电线路的后备保护在电力系统广泛应用,但是系统振荡期间测量阻抗变化会导致距离保护误动作,在系统振荡期间需要闭锁距离保护,而系统振荡期间线路发生不对称故障时需要快速开放距离保护,现有距离保护利用电流不对称度识别振荡期间不对称故障,识别故障电阻的灵敏度低,无法快速开放距离保护。提出了一种综合利用保护安装处电流、电压特征识别振荡期间线路不对称故障方法,利用保护安装处的电压余弦分量反映故障点处的电压,建立了电流不对称度–电压余弦分量平面,从电流和电压两个维度综合反映系统振荡及线路故障特征,在此基础上,构建了系统振荡期间线路不对称故障的识别判据,提高了保护识别振荡期间线路不对称故障的灵敏性,缩短了距离保护开放时间,实时数字仿真系统(real time digital system,RTDS)仿真结果验证了本方法的有效性。     

Understanding enhancing mechanism of Pr6O11 and Pr(OH)3 in methanol electrooxidation

The presence of oxygen vacancies and hydroxyl groups are both favorable for the methanol electrooxidation on Pt-based catalysts.Understanding and differentiating the enhancing mechanism between oxygen vacancies and hydroxyl groups for high activity of Pt catalysts in methanol oxidation reaction(MOR)is essential but still challenging.Herein,we developed two kinds of co-catalyst for Pt/CNTs,Pr₆O₁₁is rich in oxygen vacancies but contains substantially no hydroxyl groups,while Pr(OH)₃ possesses abundant hydroxyl groups without oxygen vacancies.After a seque nce of designed experiments,it can be found that both oxygen vacancies and hydroxyl groups can improve the performance of Pt/CNTs electrocatalysts,but the enhancing mechanism and improving degree of oxygen vacancies and hydroxyl groups for the MOR are different.Since the oxygen vacancies are more conducive to increasing the intrinsic activity of the Pt catalyst,and the hydroxyl groups play a decisive role in dehydrogenation and deproto nation of methanol,the co-catalysts with both oxygen vacancies and hydroxyl groups mixed with Pt/CNTs have higher catalytic performance.Therefore,hydroxyl-rich Pr₆O₁₁·xH₂O was prepared and used as MOR electrocatalyst after mixed with Pt/CNTs.Benefiting from the synergistic effect of oxygen vacancies and hydroxyl groups,the Pr₆O₁₁·xH₂O/Pt/CNTs shows a high peak current density of 741 mA/mg,which is three times higher than that of Pt/CNTs.These new discoveries serve as a promising strategy for the rational design of MOR catalysts with low cost and high activity.     

Reconstruction of fission events in heavy ion reactions with the compact spectrometer for heavy ion experiment

We report a reconstruction method for fast-fission events in 25 MeV/u⁸⁶Kr +²⁰⁸Pb reactions at the Compact Spectrometer for Heavy Ion Experiment（CSHINE）. The fission fragments（FFs） are measured using three large-area parallel-plate avalanche counters, which can deliver the position and arrival timing information of the fragments. The start timing information is provided by the radio frequency of the cyclotron. Fission events were reconstructed using the velocities of the two...     

Reconstruction of fission events in heavy ion reactions with the compact spectrometer for heavy ion experiment

We report a reconstruction method for fast-fission events in 25 MeV/u⁸⁶Kr +²⁰⁸Pb reactions at the Compact Spectrometer for Heavy Ion Experiment（CSHINE）. The fission fragments（FFs） are measured using three large-area parallel-plate avalanche counters, which can deliver the position and arrival timing information of the fragments. The start timing information is provided by the radio frequency of the cyclotron. Fission events were reconstructed using the velocities of the two...     

基于视觉识别的反应进程智能调控系统及其在溴素生产中的应用

针对溴素生产传统的人工观察蒸馏塔塔顶与塔底玻璃管的颜色,或者观察四氟塔蒸馏废液颜色,受环境光线和工人经验影响较大且无法精确控制,导致氯气过量或不足以及产品品质不稳定的问题,将智能视觉技术应用于溴素生产工艺,提出基于工业视觉的颜色智能识别系统,将生产工艺流程的颜色指标实时转换成数字指标,结合自主开发控制算法,实现工艺进程的量化计量,并通过控制算法实现现场情况的预判和精确控制,消除人工调控的随意性和滞后性,实现投料阀门的自动控制,提升装置产能的同时稳定产品质量,将溴素蒸馏工艺废液溴含量维持在0.13 kg/m3以下,溴成品氯含量全部稳定在0.01%以内,保证产品100%处于优级水平。     

Synthesis of Hollow Three-Dimensional Channels LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4 Microsphere by PEO Soft Template Assisted with Solvothermal Method

A appropriate size with three-dimension(3 D) channels for lithium diffusion plays an important role in constructing highperforming LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4(LNMO) cathode materials, as it can not only reduce the transport path of lithium ions and electrons, but also reduce the side effects and withstand the structural strain in the process of repetitive Li~+ intercalation/deintercalation. In this work, an e fficient method for designing the hollow LNMO microsphere with 3 D channels structure by using polyethylene oxide(PEO) as soft template agent assisted solvothermal method is proposed. Experimental results indicate that PEO can make the reagents mingle evenly and nucleate slowly in the solvothermal process, thus obtaining a homogeneous distribution of carbonate precursors. In the final LNMO products, the hollow 3 D channels structure obtained by the decomposition of PEO and carbonate precursor in the calcination can provide abundant electroactive zones and electron/ion transport paths during the charge/discharge process, which benefits to improve the cycling performance and rate capability. The LNMO prepared by adding 1 g PEO possesses the most outstanding electrochemical performance, which presented an excellent discharge capacity of 143.1 mAh g~(-1) at 0.1 C and with a capacity retention of 92.2% after 100 cycles at 1 C. The superior performance attributed to the 3 D channels structure of hollow microspheres, which provide uninterrupted conductive systems and therefore achieve the stable transfer for electron/ion.     

Nitrogen Removal Performance of Denitrifying Ammonium Oxidation System in Treating Sulfamethoxazole-laden Secondary Wastewater Effluent

In this study,nitrogen removal performance of the denitrifying ammonium oxidation(DAO)process was investigated when treating sulfamethoxazole(SMX)-laden secondary wastewater effluent.The influent SMX concentration showed negligible effect on efficiencies for removal of nitrate and COD.However,the ammonium ions removal rate was moderately reduced,when the influent SMX concentration in wastewater reached 6 mg/L.Total nitrogen removal efficiency remained as high as 76.77%towards the day 158 at the end of experiment.Candidatus_Brocadia and Candidatus_Kuenenia were the functional anammox strains.The unclassified_f__Rhodobacteraceae sp.was predominant heterotrophic denitrifying strain in the studied reactor.The concentrations of soluble extracellular polymeric substances in sludge obviously increased from 16.76 mg/g VSS to 32.31 mg/g VSS,which might protect the nitrogen removal strains from high-concentration SMX.This result provides a theoretical and technical foundation for the application of denitrifying ammonium oxidation process in treating sulfamethoxazole-laden secondary wastewater effluent.