首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   555600篇
  免费   6916篇
  国内免费   932篇
电工技术   10290篇
综合类   456篇
化学工业   84197篇
金属工艺   23186篇
机械仪表   18134篇
建筑科学   12144篇
矿业工程   4307篇
能源动力   14294篇
轻工业   44771篇
水利工程   6912篇
石油天然气   14827篇
武器工业   39篇
无线电   59523篇
一般工业技术   115060篇
冶金工业   95547篇
原子能技术   14651篇
自动化技术   45110篇
  2021年   4843篇
  2020年   4014篇
  2019年   5266篇
  2018年   9182篇
  2017年   9419篇
  2016年   9650篇
  2015年   5786篇
  2014年   10057篇
  2013年   25937篇
  2012年   15618篇
  2011年   20944篇
  2010年   16828篇
  2009年   18707篇
  2008年   18938篇
  2007年   18658篇
  2006年   16191篇
  2005年   14635篇
  2004年   13890篇
  2003年   13562篇
  2002年   12669篇
  2001年   12223篇
  2000年   11481篇
  1999年   11287篇
  1998年   26983篇
  1997年   19472篇
  1996年   14983篇
  1995年   11909篇
  1994年   10750篇
  1993年   10508篇
  1992年   8236篇
  1991年   8019篇
  1990年   7937篇
  1989年   7670篇
  1988年   7385篇
  1987年   6656篇
  1986年   6457篇
  1985年   7329篇
  1984年   6641篇
  1983年   6360篇
  1982年   5724篇
  1981年   5849篇
  1980年   5587篇
  1979年   5691篇
  1978年   5636篇
  1977年   6151篇
  1976年   7656篇
  1975年   5071篇
  1974年   4868篇
  1973年   4942篇
  1972年   4258篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
This study evaluated the direct effect of a phytochemical, hesperidin, on pre-osteoblast cell function as well as osteogenesis and collagen matrix quality, as there is little known about hesperidin’s influence in mineralized tissue formation and regeneration. Hesperidin was added to a culture of MC3T3-E1 cells at various concentrations. Cell proliferation, viability, osteogenic gene expression and deposited collagen matrix analyses were performed. Treatment with hesperidin showed significant upregulation of osteogenic markers, particularly with lower doses. Mature and compact collagen fibrils in hesperidin-treated cultures were observed by picrosirius red staining (PSR), although a thinner matrix layer was present for the higher dose of hesperidin compared to osteogenic media alone. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated a better mineral-to-matrix ratio and matrix distribution in cultures exposed to hesperidin and confirmed less collagen deposited with the 100-µM dose of hesperidin. In vivo, hesperidin combined with a suboptimal dose of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) (dose unable to promote healing of a rat mandible critical-sized bone defect) in a collagenous scaffold promoted a well-controlled (not ectopic) pattern of bone formation as compared to a large dose of BMP2 (previously defined as optimal in healing the critical-sized defect, although of ectopic nature). PSR staining of newly formed bone demonstrated that hesperidin can promote maturation of bone organic matrix. Our findings show, for the first time, that hesperidin has a modulatory role in mineralized tissue formation via not only osteoblast cell differentiation but also matrix organization and matrix-to-mineral ratio and could be a potential adjunct in regenerative bone therapies.  相似文献   
2.
Instruments and Experimental Techniques - The use of a gas absorber based on porous titanium as a gas generator as part of a sealed electrovacuum device, that is, a plasma focus chamber, is...  相似文献   
3.
Alumina ceramic porous structures were shaped by the fused deposition of alumina/polyamide 612 composite granules using an FDM 3D printer with a modified extruder to process granulated powder instead of a filament. The composite granules were prepared via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS). Firstly, in order to determine the proportion of polymer/solvent to be used in the TIPS process, different volume fractions of PA612 in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were studied (0.01 to 0.20), and the granules obtained were characterized by SEM, DSC, and Raman spectroscopy. Secondly, the addition of different ceramic loadings to the PA612/DMSO solution was studied with the aim of determining the amount to be used for preparing the composite granules by TIPS. In particular, the effect of the alumina content on the morphology and size of the obtained composite granules was studied. In addition, rheological properties (oscillatory and rotational tests) of the feed materials were studied. Finally, the printing conditions, including the nozzle temperature and nozzle diameter, and the extrusion process, were optimized in order to obtain porous structures with good quality. Alumina porous structures were successfully printed, debinded, and sintered. Adequate bonding between layers was achieved, and no defects at interfaces were detected.  相似文献   
4.

The presence of Mn(II) in water exceeding the permitted concentration limits declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) influences individuals, animals, and the ecosystem negatively. Therefore, there is a necessity for an efficient material to eliminate this potentially toxic element from wastewater. We herein focused on the adsorptive removal of Mn(II) ions from polluted aqueous media using natural Egyptian glauconite clay (G) and its nanocomposites with modified chitosan (CS). We applied modified chitosan with glutaraldehyde (GL), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). The utilized nanocomposites were referred to as GL-CS/G, EDTA-GL-CS/G, SDS-CS/G, and CTAB-CS/G, respectively. The point of zero charge values of the materials were estimated. The adsorption properties of the G clay and its nanocomposites toward the removal of Mn(II) ions from polluted aqueous media as well as the adsorption mechanism were explored using a batch technique. The glauconite (G) and its nanocomposites: GL-CS/G, CTAB-CS/G, EDTA-GL-CS/G, and SDS-CS/G, exhibited maximum adsorption capacity values of 3.60, 24.0, 26.0, 27.0, and 27.9 mg g?1, respectively. The adsorption results fitted well the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The estimated thermodynamic parameters: ΔH° (from 1.03 to 5.55 kJ/mol) and ΔG° (from ? 14.5 to ? 18.8 kJ/mol), indicated that Mn(II) ion adsorption process was endothermic, spontaneous, and physisorption controlled. Furthermore, the obtained adsorption results are encouraging and revealing a great potentiality for using the modified adsorbents as accessible adsorbents for Mn(II) ion removal from polluted aqueous solutions, depending on their reusability, high stability, and good adsorption capacities.

Graphic Abstract
  相似文献   
5.
Catalysis Letters - We converted agro-waste Custard Apple Peels (CAP) to ash via thermal treatment, on which Pd(OAc)2 was immobilized easily that produced a low-cost, highly efficient Pd/CAP-ash...  相似文献   
6.
Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems - Reducing agriculturally derived diffuse contaminant losses (via non-point sources) from land to water has proven difficult for decades. Owing to the diversity...  相似文献   
7.
Glycine is an amino acid with unique properties because its side chain is composed of a single hydrogen atom. It confers conformational flexibility to proteins and conserved glycines are often indicative of protein domains involving tight turns or bends. All six beta-type connexins expressed in human epidermis (Cx26, Cx30, Cx30.3, Cx31, Cx31.1 and Cx32) contain a glycine at position 12 (G12). G12 is located about halfway through the cytoplasmic amino terminus and substitutions alter connexin function in a variety of ways, in some cases altering protein interactions and leading to cell death. There is also evidence that alteration of G12 changes the structure of the amino terminus in connexin- and amino acid- specific ways. This review integrates structural, functional and physiological information about the role of G12 in connexins, focusing on beta-connexins expressed in human epidermis. The importance of G12 substitutions in these beta-connexins is revealed in two hereditary skin disorders, keratitis ichthyosis and erythrokeratodermia variabilis, both of which result from missense mutations affecting G12.  相似文献   
8.
Polyamines are ubiquitous, low-molecular-weight aliphatic compounds, present in living organisms and essential for cell growth and differentiation. Copper amine oxidases (CuAOs) oxidize polyamines to aminoaldehydes releasing ammonium and hydrogen peroxide, which participates in the complex network of reactive oxygen species acting as signaling molecules involved in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. CuAOs have been identified and characterized in different plant species, but the most extensive study on a CuAO gene family has been carried out in Arabidopsis thaliana. Growing attention has been devoted in the last years to the investigation of the CuAO expression pattern during development and in response to an array of stress and stress-related hormones, events in which recent studies have highlighted CuAOs to play a key role by modulation of a multilevel phenotypic plasticity expression. In this review, the attention will be focused on the involvement of different AtCuAOs in the IAA/JA/ABA signal transduction pathways which mediate stress-induced phenotypic plasticity events.  相似文献   
9.
Silicon - Magnesium calcium silicate nanostructures (MCSNS) loaded with (0.0, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 wt%) of Cephradine-drug consisting of mesoporous particles were functionally prepared by sol-gel...  相似文献   
10.
Metal Science and Heat Treatment - The TRIP effect and deformation behavior of metastable austenitic steel were studied under tension in the temperatures range from –120 to +200°C. The...  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号