300 kA铝电解槽中焦粒焙烧过程温度场的仿真优化

使用有限元法建立了300 kA铝电解槽的焦粒焙烧三维1/4整槽模型,针对目前普遍采用焦粒均匀铺设方式,对其焦粒焙烧过程的温度分布与变化特征进行了瞬态数值仿真研究。当前的焦粒焙烧启动方式存在阴极表面温差过大、各阴极炭块随空间位置不同温度分布差异过大、端部第1至第3块阴极炭块平均温度低于900℃、阴极炭块和捣固糊升温速度过快等缺陷。提出在阴极表面从电解槽边缘向中心依次铺设电阻率递增的焦粒层的优化焙烧方案,并进行温度场仿真计算。结果表明：该优化方案可以使阴极表面温度分布更加均匀,端部第1至第3块阴极炭块表面温差比优化前降低8%以上,中间第4至第13块阴极炭块表面温差降低30%以上,阴极炭块和阴极缝糊平均升温速度降低12%,该优化方案更有利于减少电解槽的早期破损。     

350 kA预焙阳极铝电解槽磁场分布研究

使用有限元法建立了铝电解槽三维静电磁场耦合计算模型。该模型考虑了槽内导体、母线系统、铁磁材料及空气漏磁等因素对磁场解析的影响; 采用六面体单元对模型进行网格划分; 先求解得到电场结果, 再在该结果基础上采用常规标量法(GSP)分三步对磁场进行求解。以350 kA预焙阳极铝电解槽为例, 分别计算了同厂房中不同相邻槽数和不同的相邻厂房对磁场的影响情况, 发现上下游各选用3台相邻槽和两侧都有相邻厂房的设计较为合理, 并用在此条件下建立的模型计算并优化了该电解槽系列的电磁场分布情况, 得出垂直磁场范围在-2.87×10^-3 T至2.15×10^-3 T之间, 并与工厂实际测量得到的结果进行对比, 数值接近, 证明了模型和结果的合理性。     

Simulation of thermal and sodium expansion stress in aluminum reduction cells

Two finite element（FE） models were built up for analysis of stress field in the lining of aluminum electrolysis cells. Distribution of sodium concentration in cathode carbon blocks was calculated by one FE model of a cathode block. Thermal stress field was calculated by the other slice model of the cell at the end of the heating-up. Then stresses coupling thermal and sodium expansion were considered after 30 d start-up. The results indicate that sodium penetrates to the bottom of the cathode block after 30 d start-up. The semi-graphitic carbon block has the largest stress at the thermal stage. After 30 d start-up the anthracitic carbon has the greatest sodium expansion stress and the graphitized carbon has the lowest sodium expansion stress. Sodium penetration can cause larger deformation and stress in the cathode carbon block than thermal expansion.     

铝电解阳极气泡行为研究进展

阳极气泡的行为影响铝电解过程的传质传热,增加了电解质的电压降,影响电流密度分布。本文从物理模型、实验室电解槽和数学模型三个方面综述了铝电解中阳极气泡行为的研究进展,指出了各种模型的优缺点以及今后的发展方向。     

防洪堤工程施工管理探究

文章结合工程实例,综合性的对防洪堤工程施工管理进行了控制,工程实践表明,不仅保证了施工质量,而且,有效地节约了施工成本,这是本人堤防建设中的一点经验,可为类似工程的实施提供参考。     

Resistance optimization of flexes in aluminum reduction cells

The resistance arrangements of the flexes connecting with the cathode bus bar in aluminum reduction cells were generalized as three modes. In each mode the universal method to select proper resistivity of the flexes was induced respectively to insure that the current in local group of flexes was equal. Furthermore, a 350 kA aluminum reduction cell based electric field model was developed by finite element method to evaluate the effect of the method. Suggestions on selection of three modes were also put forward. The results show that the methods of resistance optimization can reduce the current variation about 180 A compared with that in original case.