Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is widely used as a plasticizer in the manufacture of polyvinylchloride plastics and has been associated with concerns regarding male reproductive toxicity. In this study, we hypothesized that maternal exposure to DEHP induces transgenerational inheritance of adult-onset adverse reproductive outcomes through the male germline in the F1, F2, and F3 generations of male offspring. Pregnant rats were treated with 5 or 500 mg of DEHP/kg/day through gavage from gestation day 0 to birth. The offspring body weight, anogenital distance (AGD), anogenital index (AGI), sperm count, motility, and DNA fragmentation index (DFI) were measured for all generations. Methyl-CpG binding domain sequencing was performed to analyze sperm DNA methylation status in the F3. DEHP exposure at 500 mg/kg affected AGD, AGI, sperm count, mean DFI, and %DFI in the F1; AGD, sperm count, and mean DFI in the F2; and AGD, AGI, mean DFI, and %DFI in the F3. DEHP exposure at 5 mg/kg affected AGD, AGI, sperm count, and %DFI in the F1; sperm count in the F2; and AGD and AGI in F3. Compared with the control group, 15 and 45 differentially hypermethylated genes were identified in the groups administered 5 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg DEHP, respectively. Moreover, 130 and 6 differentially hypomethylated genes were observed in the groups administered 5 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg DEHP. Overall, these results demonstrated that prenatal exposure to DEHP caused transgenerational epigenetic effects, which may explain the observed phenotypic changes in the male reproductive system. 相似文献
Recently, an increasing number of works start investigating the combination of fog computing and electronic health (ehealth) applications. However,
there are still numerous unresolved issues worth to be explored. For instance,
there is a lack of investigation on the disease prediction in fog environment
and only limited studies show, how the Quality of Service (QoS) levels of fog services and the data stream mining techniques influence each other to improve the
disease prediction performance (e.g., accuracy and time efficiency). To address
these issues, we propose a fog-based framework for disease prediction based
on Medical sensor data streams, named FogMed. This framework aims to
improve the disease prediction accuracy by achieving two objectives: QoS guarantee of fog services and anomaly prediction of Medical data streams. We build a
virtual FogMed environment and conduct comprehensive experiments on the public ECG dataset to validate the performance of FogMed. The experiment results
show that it performs better than the cloud computing model for processing tasks
with different complexities in terms of time efficiency. 相似文献
Incorporation of a pyrene chromophore on the surface of polymeric nanoparticles results in its fluorescence enhancement. Quantum yield and lifetime measurements suggest that the enrichment in fluorescent signal is due to the increase in the rigidity of the environment surrounding the fluorophores and that it is dependent on the particle size. 相似文献
Water Resources Management - Effectively assessing crucial monitoring sites with suspended sediment concentration (SSC) is a vital challenge for achieving accurate prediction of sediment flux on... 相似文献
A new PC61BM‐based fullerene, [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61 butyric acid pentafluorophenyl ester (PC61BPF) is designed and synthesized. This new n‐type material can replace PC61BM to form a P3HT:PC61BPF binary blend or serve as an additive to form a P3HT:PC61BM:PC61BPF ternary blend. Supramolecular attraction between the pentafluorophenyl group of PC61BPF and the C60 cores of PC61BPF/PC61BM can effectively suppress the PC61BPF/PC61BM materials from severe aggregation. By doping only 8.3 wt% PC61BPF, device PC61BPF651 exhibits a PCE of 3.88% and decreases slightly to 3.68% after heating for 25 h, preserving 95% of its original value. When PC61BP with non‐fluorinated phenyl group is used to substitute PC61BPF, the stabilizing ability disappears completely. The efficiencies of PC61BP651 and PC61BP321 devices significantly decay to 0.44% and 0.11%, respectively, after 25 h isothermal heating. Most significantly, this strategy is demonstrated to be effective for a blend system incorporating a low band‐gap polymer. By adding only 10 wt% PC61BPF, the PDTBCDTB: PC71BM‐based device exhibits thermally stable morphology and device characteristics. These findings demonstrate that smart utilization of supramolecular interactions is an effective and practical strategy to control morphological evolution. 相似文献
The present study was hypothesized to evaluated the antihyperlipidemic effect of diosmin (DS) on lipid metabolism in experimental diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced male albino Wistar rats by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (STZ) (45 mg/kg b.w.) 15 min after the ip administration of nicotinamide (NA) (110 mg/kg b.w.). DS were administered to diabetic rats intragastrically at 100 mg/kg b.w. for 45 days. The levels of plasma and tissue lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides) (TGs), free fatty acids (FFAs) and phospholipids (PLs), low density, very low-density lipoproteins (LDL and VLDL), and high-density-cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured. The activities of 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) were assayed. The levels of plasma and tissue lipids decreased with significant increase in HDL-C levels. The altered activities of lipid metabolic enzymes were restored to near normal. The present findings suggest that DS can potentially ameliorate lipid abnormalities in experimental diabetes. 相似文献
Accurate hourly real-time flood forecasting is necessary for early flood warning systems, especially during typhoon periods. Artificial intelligence methods have been increasingly used for real-time flood forecasting. This study developed a real-time flood forecasting model by using back-propagation networks (BPNs) with a self-organizing map (SOM) to create ensemble forecasts. Random weights and biases were set for the BPNs to learn the characteristics of a catchment system. An unsupervised SOM network with a classification function was then used to cluster representative BPN weights and biases; clusters of BPNs with high accuracy were selected to act as experts for the ensemble models to forecast flow rates. The model was applied to flood events in the Wu River Basin of Taiwan. Most observed values were within the forecasting intervals of the BPN clusters in the calibration and validation phases, indicating that the models had acceptable accuracy. For the large flood events of typhoons Saola in the calibration phase and Soulik in the validation phase, the mean average error of the ensemble mean model for the cluster A was 143.1 and 327.4 m3/s, respectively; these values were lower than those for the best individual model within the cluster (194.3 and 917.9 m3/s). The ensemble model thus outperformed the individual models and can accurately forecast flood values and intervals. Therefore, the model can be used to accurately forecast floods.
A comprehensive optimization study on a simulated moving bed reactor (SMBR) system is reported in this article for the direct synthesis of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) from tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA) and methanol. The applicability of the Varicol process, which is based on non-synchronous shift of the inlet and outlet ports, is explored for the first time for a reactive system. Multi-objective (two and three objective functions) optimization has been performed for both existing as well as design stage for SMBR and Varicol systems and their efficiencies are compared. The optimization problem involves relatively large number of decision variables; both continuous variables, such as flow rates in various sections and length of the columns and discrete variables, such as number of columns and column configuration. Pareto optimal solutions are obtained. It is observed that a five-column Varicol performs better than an equivalent five-column SMBR and its performance is nearly equal to that of a six-column SMBR in terms of purity and yield of MTBE and minimal eluent consumption. This is an important inference as it enables the reduction of fixed and operating costs while at the same time helps to achieve high purity and yield of the desired product and conversion of the limiting reactant. A state-of-the-art optimization technique, viz., non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA), which allows handling of these complex optimization problems, is employed for this study. This is the first time that, not only the separating potential of Varicol has been extended to reaction systems, but also was optimized for multiple objectives. 相似文献