蔗糖与葡萄糖作辅助碳源对重组Klebsiella pneumoniae发酵生产1,3-丙二醇的影响

实验研究了重组Klebsiella pneumoniae批式发酵生产1,3-丙二醇过程中辅助碳源蔗糖与葡萄糖对发酵过程的影响,对发酵工艺进行了放大,并对流加策略进行了优化.结果表明,葡萄糖为发酵生产1,3-丙二醇的辅助碳源优于蔗糖;以重组Klebsiella pneumoniae为菌种,以葡萄糖为辅助碳源,采用指数流加策略,30 L发酵罐中1,3-丙二醇的产量最高达85.2 g/L,产率达0.63 mol/mol,比单纯以甘油为碳源分别提高37.35%和25.00%.     

改性大豆皮吸附剂对Pb2+的生物吸附性能研究

Using soybean hull residue after the soluble dietary fiber being removed during the soybean processing industry as crude material, a novel absorbent modified soybean hulls is prepared. Its adsorption behavior for Pb2+ is studied. The adsorbent has a large and efficient adsorpuon capacity for Pb-, uv to 20% of the mass of dry adsorbent. Its maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reaches 217 mg.g-1 at initial Pb2+ concentration of 2000 mg.L-1,which is twice that of yeast absorbent and threefold greater than that of chitosan absorbent. The adsorption ability is sensitive to pH value in the solution and the optimal pH for adsorption of Pb2+is 7.0. In the presence of other metal ions (Ca2+, Mg2+and Na+) in the solution, their effect on the adsorption capacity for Pb2+is not obvious. After 5 cycles of adsorption, 80% adsorption capacity of Pb2+ is maintained. Compared with various available commercial resins, the modified soybean hulls are a plentiful, inexpensive and effective medium for the capture of dissolved Pb2+ from waste streams.     

改性大豆皮吸附剂对Pb2+的生物吸附性能研究

Using soybean hull residue after the soluble dietary fiber being removed during the soybean processing industry as crude material,a novel absorbent,modified soybean hulls,is prepared.Its adsorption behavior for Pb2+ is studied.The adsorbent has a large and efficient adsorption capacity for Pb2+,up to 20% of the mass of dry ad-sorbent.Its maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reaches 217 mg·g-1 at initial Pb2+ concentration of 2000 mg·L-1,which is twice that of yeast absorbent and threefold greater than that of chitosan absorbent.The adsorption ability is sensitive to pH value in the solution and the optimal pH for adsorption of Pb2+ is 7.0.In the presence of other metal ions (Ca2+,Mg2+ and Na+) in the solution,their effect on the adsorption capacity for Pb2+ is not obvious.After 5 cy-cles of adsorption,80% adsorption capacity of Pb2+ is maintained.Compared with various available commercial resins,the modified soybean hulls are a plentiful,inexpensive and effective medium for the capture of dissolved Pb2+ from waste streams.     

响应面法优化黑曲霉产葡萄糖氧化酶条件

运用响应面法对黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)产葡萄糖氧化酶以及发酵条件进行了优化.根据单因素实验结果,利用Plackett-Burman设计对影响其产酶相关因素进行评估并筛选出具有显著效应的3个因素:葡萄糖,玉米浆和碳酸钙.用最陡爬坡试验逼近以上3个因子的最大响应区域后,采用Box-Behnken设计以及响应面分析法,确定其优化后发酵条件为(g/L):葡萄糖172.11、玉米浆11.05、碳酸钙52.29、牛肉蛋白胨3.5、(NH4)H2PO4O05、KCl0.15、MgSO4·7H2O 0.125、FeSO4·7H2O 0.125,220r/min,30℃培养48h.优化后的葡萄糖氧化酶酶活达786.3 U/g,比在种子培养基中酶活350.5 U/g提高了2倍左右.     

绿色化学与化工的原理及应用:III.生物技术在化学品生产中的应用

通过实例说明了国内外生物化工技术在化学品及新型功能材料等领域的应用 ,阐明了生物化工技术对促进化学工业技术进步和产业结构调整及对促进绿色化学工业发展的作用     

Integrative Extraction of Ergosterol, （1→3）-α-D-Glucan and Chitosan from Penicillium chrysogenum Mycelia

Abstract Ergosterol,（1→3）-α-D-glucan and chitosan are important biomaterials. In this research, a process has been developed to integratively extract ergosterol, （1→3）-α-D-glucan, and chitosan from Penicillium chrysongenum mycelium. First the mycelia are pretreated with 0.1mol·L^-1 of NaOH. After recovery by centrifugation the solid portion is made to undergo saponification and deacetylation reactaons by addition of 2mol·L^-1 NaOH and et anol.After reaction, extraction is carried out by addition of petroleum ether, which separates the reaction mixture into two phases. The upper layer of petroleum ether contains extracted ergosterol, and the .bottom layer of NaOH solution contains （1→3）-α-DEglucan; the chitosan is on the mycelia residuum. After isolation, the recovery yield of ergosterol is 0.52% of dry mycelium. That of （1→3）-α-D-glucan is about 8.2%; and chitosan is 5.7% with 86% deacetylation. The compositions have been characterized by 1R, HPLC analyses.     

酶法合成单脂肪酸甘油酯

该项目建立了一条脂肪酶催化棕榈油甘油解制备单甘酯的工艺路线。筛选出最佳酶源BUCT—11及相应的无机类载体作为脂肪酶固定化载体,并采用结晶法进行纯化。得到的单甘酯含量>90.0％,产品性能指标达到FCC标准。目前,单甘油酯主要采用化学法生产,能耗大、反应产物易降解、分离提纯困难。该工艺有望取代化学法过程。     

用盐析与疏水层析相偶合快速分离提纯猪胰激肽释放酶

将疏水层析技术用于从猪胰脏中分离纯化激肽释放酶，建立了一种简便、快速的分离提纯方法：将粗品溶解后经过硫酸铵沉淀处理，然后经过Butyl Sepharose FF疏水层析后得到目标蛋白，分析其纯度大于500U／mg，盐析和疏水两步纯化的收率大于85．0％，同时比较了Phenyl Sepharose FF,Octyl Sepharose FF和Butyl Sepharose FF三种疏水介质分离纯化胰K的效果，本实验工艺与传统工艺相比，具有操作简单、快速、回收率和纯化倍数高等优点，有望成为一种从动物组织中快速分离纯化药用蛋白质的有效技术平台。     

分子印迹菌丝体吸附树脂在印刷电路板废水处理中的应用

采用新型分子印迹菌丝体(Penicillium chrysogenum)吸附树脂处理印刷电路板废水,当铜的初始质量浓度为120 mg/L,pH=5时,静态吸附容量为53 mg/g左右,比商业树脂732提高15%左右;解析率在1 min即达到85%以上,而商业树脂732仅为11%.在中试实验中,连续运行80 h后,出口废水中铜质量浓度仍低于1.0 mg/L左右.与传统处理方法相比较,该法简化了废水处理工艺,节省大量的化学药品,大大降低了废水处理成本.     

转hTNF-α基因聚球藻培养条件的初步研究

以转hTNF-α基因聚球藻7002为对象，在摇瓶培养下对其生长条件进行了初步研究. 结果表明，当光照强度为100 μmol/(m2×s)时，藻细胞生长速率最大；35oC为其最佳培养温度；氯化钠浓度为12~24 g/L生长良好，最适浓度为24 g/L；转hTNF-α基因的聚球藻7002能利用铵盐和硝酸盐为氮源，其中硝酸盐对其生长最有利，硝酸钠最适浓度为1 g/L；加入有机碳源可以显著促进藻细胞生长，其中5 g/L的蔗糖对其促进作用最明显.