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Alkali‐responsive membrane prepared by grafting dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate onto ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer membrane 下载免费PDF全文
An alkali‐responsive membrane was prepared by grafting dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) onto ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVAL) membrane using ultraviolet (UV) irradiation graft polymerization. A subtranslucent state of EVAL membrane swelling in the DMAEMA solution was observed, and such a state enabled the passage of UV light through all the pores, inducing graft polymerization inside the pores and on the back. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier‐transform infrared spectrometer (ATR‐FTIR), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscope (EDX) confirmed that the poly(DMAEMA)‐grafted chains existed not only on the top surface, but also inside the pores and on the back. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and nitrogen adsorption analysis confirmed that the grafted chains collapsed in air, and decreased the surface roughness, surface area, and pore size of the grafted membranes. Alkali‐responsive properties of the poly(DMAEMA)‐grafted EVAL membrane (i.e., contact angle, permeability, and selectivity) were observed in the pH range of 9–10. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41775. 相似文献
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Anne Toppinen Miska Sauru Satu Pätäri Katja Lähtinen Anni Tuppura 《Construction Management & Economics》2019,37(4):201-216
In transitioning to a renewable material-based bio economy, growing public and industry interest is apparent for using wooden multistory construction (WMC) as a sustainable urban housing solution in Europe, but its business implications are not well understood. In our study, we evaluate, which internal and external factors of competitiveness are shaping the future of WMC, especially in the context of Finland and Sweden. Based on a multi-level perspective of socio-technical transitions, we conducted a three-stage dissensus-based Delphi study. The identified internal and external factors affecting the future competitiveness of the WMC business emphasize the importance of skilled architects and builders and the role of standardized building systems. Based on our results, the key aspects influencing the future competitiveness of WMC in the region are related to the development of technical infrastructure and project-based business networks, while additional changes in regulatory framework are perceived as less important. We conclude that towards 2030, the strong cognitive rules founded in the concrete-based building culture in these countries is likely to inhibit the dynamics of the socio-technical regime level. A change is also needed in the WMC business culture towards more open cross-sectoral collaboration and new business networks between different-sized players. 相似文献
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很多人都把注意力集中在TFT液晶显示器的面板技术上,例如LED背光源、120/240Hz帧频、宽视角以及其它一些能提高显示性能的技术。在这个背景下,通过不断改进TFT液晶显示器的制造工艺,提高了生产效率,降低了成本,同时亦提高了能源利用率。最新的技术进展涉及滤光片、液晶配向、TFT设计等方面。 相似文献
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Maurizio Martino Anna Paola Caricato Francesco Romano Tiziana Tunno Daniele Valerini Marco Anni M. Elisabetta Caruso Alessandro Romano Tiziano Verri 《Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics》2009,20(Z1):435-440
We report on the deposition of soft matter thin films by Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (MAPLE). In particular,
thin layers of biological material (Bovine Serum Albumin) and polymers (polyfluorene) for medical and optoelectronic applications,
were realized by laser irradiating a frozen solution containing a low amount of material diluted in a laser absorbing volatile
solvent. The depositions were carried out varying different parameters as solvent–solute concentration, solvent nature, laser
fluencies, etc. The optical, morphological, structural and spectroscopical properties were detected by means of different
analyses as FTIR, photoluminescence, AFM and SDS. 相似文献
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In this study, we explored how stereoscopic depth affects performance and user experience in a mobile device with an autostereoscopic touch display. Participants conducted a visual search task with an image gallery application on three layouts with different depth ranges. The task completion times were recorded, and the participants were asked to rate their experiences. The results revealed that the image search times were facilitated by a mild depth effect and that too great a depth slowed search times and decreased user-experience ratings. 相似文献
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随着国家基础设施建设的发展,桥梁拉索面临着大跨度、长寿命的需求,使轻质高强、耐腐蚀疲劳性能优异的碳纤维增强复合材料拉索具有替代传统钢索的巨大优势。为此,探讨了现有碳纤维复合材料拉索的锚固体系,介绍了碳纤维复合材料拉索锚固体系的工程应用,总结了碳纤维复合材料拉索长期服役性能的研究现状。结果表明,现有的锚固体系可解决跨度小、吨位小的碳纤维复合材料桥梁拉索锚固问题,但因锚具尺寸过大、制造工艺复杂、受力不协同、不便于现场安装等问题,需开发针对大跨度桥梁拉索的高效率锚固体系。由于碳纤维复合材料拉索长期性能的演化规律与性能退化机制较为复杂多样,且在不同服役环境和荷载耦合作用下存在较大差异,需建立碳纤维复合材料拉索长期服役性能的监测技术和寿命预测方法。 相似文献
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Anni Mikkelsen L. H. Skibsted 《Zeitschrift für Lebensmitteluntersuchung und -Forschung A》1998,206(3):199-202
Ferrylmyoglobin [MbFe(IV)=O], formed by activation of metmyoglobin by hydrogen peroxide, inactivates the cysteine proteinases
papain (EC 3.4.22.2) and ficin (EC 3.4.22.3) more efficiently than hydrogen peroxide, but less efficiently than hydroxyl radicals
as generated by peroxynitrite or the Fenton reaction. Metmyoglobin and oxymyoglobin could not inactivate papain and ficin.
Oxidation of papain and ficin by ferrylmyoglobin occurs in enzyme/haem-protein complexes with binding constants of approximately
105 l · mol–1; inactivation of proteolysis by papain plateaus at neutral pH to about 1/3 whereas the inactivation under acidic conditions was larger.
Received: 11 July 1997 / Revised version: 16 September 1997 相似文献