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为提高污水应急处理效果,设计一种应用环保酵素技术的污水应急处理方法。以某水务公司的污水水样为例,选用纯水机、pH计、电子分析天平、万用电炉、消煮炉、液枪等实验仪器,制作了不同种类的环保酵素,得到以下结果:在环保酵素的投配比为1/1 000时,CODcr、总磷和总氮的去除率是最大;随着投加量的增加pH值逐渐降低;随着处理时间的增加,污水各项指标的去除效果逐渐增大,陈化时间越长CODcr、总磷和总氮去除效果最好;混合类酵素去除效果最好;在应用环保酵素技术后,活性污泥沉降比下降较快。研究表明,应用环保酵素技术的污水应急处理方法提高了污水应急处理的效果。  相似文献   
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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of red-wine grape pomaces on the quality and sensory attributes of beef hamburger patties. Both phenolic content and antioxidant activity were assessed using Syrah, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon pomaces. Following the assessment, hamburger patties were prepared with Merlot pomace at 0%, 2% and 4% for the patty quality and sensory attributes. Grape seeds possessed significantly higher phenolics and antioxidant activities over the seedless pomace (P < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was found for phenolics and antioxidant activities within the seeds and seedless pomaces. The patty pH decreased as the pomace was added for 2% and 4%. Colour values (L*, a* and b*) of patties lowered as the pomace was added. Allo-Kramer shear force and hardness values increased while cooking yield decreased (P < 0.05) with the addition of pomace. No significant difference between control and Merlot patties was found for flavour, juiciness and colour, whereas lower sensory attributes were observed for texture, taste and overall acceptability. It is observed that the addition of fermented red-wine grape pomace provides hamburger patties with health promoting factors such as antioxidant and other functional components, but it also provided darker, sourer and lower cooking yield.  相似文献   
5.
Huang J.  Ni D.  Ni X.  Chen W.  Fu Y. 《丝绸》2022,(12):187-196
Silk is a kind of natural fiber with good luster strength elasticity dyeability hygroscopicity and other advantages. Silk products are quite popular to the customers because of their excellent performance such as heat preservation air permeability and so on which make them comfortable to use. Silk floss which is made from pupa lining secondary cocoon etc. can be used as floc and filler materials and is an important part of silk products. According to its production mode silk floss can be divided into manual silk floss and machine-made silk floss and the latter has become the main processing mode of silk floss production due to its high production efficiency. In terms of composition silk flossing generally contains 20% - 30% sericin pupa oil and impurities so in the degumming process in addition to adding sodium carbonate and other degumming agents to remove sericin a large amount of hydrogen peroxide with strong oxidation property is also used to increase the cleanliness and smoothness. Unfortunately hydrogen peroxide is highly flammable and explosive and poses a risk in transportation and storage causing potential safety hazards to the silk processing industry. In order to solve this problem we innovatively propose two hydrogen peroxide-free processing methods of machine-made silk floss by using sodium percarbonate degumming or sodium carbonate-ozone. As an environmentally friendly solid oxidant sodium percarbonate can produce hydrogen peroxide and sodium carbonate after decomposition and is often used to degrade organic harmful substances. Similarly ozone is a common strong oxidant with broad-spectrum antibacterial properties and because ozone can be produced instantly by ozone generators there is no risk of transport and storage. Silk is composed of silk fibroin and sericin. Among them silk fibroin is fibrous protein which will swell in hot water while sericin is globular protein which is easy to dissolve in hot water. As a result in this paper heated sodium percarbonate solution and sodium carbonate-ozone system were used to deglue silk floss. The methods were as follows silk floss was degummed three times in boiling 0. 78 g / L sodium percarbonate solution for 30 minutes each time or was degummed three times in boiled 0. 5 g / L Na2 CO3 solution with ozone continuously flow at a rate of 100 mg / L - h for 30 minutes each time. After cleaning and drying the degummed silk floss can be obtained. After the experiment the apparent morphology sericin residual efficiency impurity rate compression resilience whiteness and other silk floss quality indexes of the two methods were analyzed and compared with superior machine-made silk floss processed by commercial way with hydrogen peroxide. The results show that both two processing methods got uniform degumming effect of silk floss and the surface of the single fiber was smooth and the degumming effect was basically the same as that of commercial products prepared with hydrogen peroxide. The sericin residual rate of silk floss was between 3% - 4% which was in line with the requirements of less than 5% of superior silk floss. There was no significant difference between silk floss obtained and commercial superior products in smoothness and whiteness. In conclusion the performance of silk floss in all aspects has reached the standard of superior products that is the sericin content is not more than 5% the impurity content is not more than 0. 1% the compression rate is not less than 45% and the response rate is not less than 92% . Based on the experimental results and analysis it can be concluded that the machine-made silk floss with good performance can be prepared without hydrogen peroxide showing the feasibility of processing machine-made silk floss without hydrogen peroxide which is of great significance to the research and development of a safe and reliable oxidant system for the removal of impurities in silk floss and to further improve the safety of machine-made silk floss production process. © 2022 China Silk Association. All rights reserved.  相似文献   
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The present article investigates the influence of Joule heating and chemical reaction on magneto Casson nanofluid phenomena in the occurrence of thermal radiation through a porous inclined stretching sheet. Consideration is extended to heat absorption/generation and viscous dissipation. The governing partial differential equations were transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations and numerically solved using the Implicit Finite Difference technique. The article analyses the effect of various physical flow parameters on velocity, heat, and mass transfer distributions. For the various involved parameters, the graphical and numerical outcomes are established. The analysis reveals that the enhancement of the radiation parameter increases the temperature and the chemical reaction parameter decreases the concentration profile. The empirical data presented were compared with previously published findings.  相似文献   
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裂缝面粗糙程度是描述其表面形貌的重要参数。基于三维扫描技术获取混凝土裂缝面的坐标点云数据,等间隔选取各裂缝面11条轮廓线,计算各轮廓线粗糙轮廓指数Rp、形貌线伸长指数δ和粗糙角i等特征参数,研究采样间隔SI对二维节理粗糙度系数JRC的影响;建立JRC与二维特征参数Rp、δ、i之间的函数关系、三维JRC3D与三维特征参数之间的关系。结果表明:JRC与SI呈二次函数关系,当SI为0.2 ~ 1.2mm时,随SI减小,JRC增大;JRC与Rp、δ分别呈二次函数和对数关系;JRC与二维特征参数中的粗糙角iZ2呈正相关关系。建议Rp作为二维节理粗糙度系数表征指标。JRC3D与三维特征参数的最大构造深度Rz相关性最好,拟合公式平方根R2为0.9109。提出的表征公式与已有成果最大平均相对误差MRE、平均绝对误差MAE和均方根误差RMSE分别为1.790%、0.316mm和0.408mm。说明提出的表征公式是合理的,适用于混凝土裂缝面粗糙度估算。  相似文献   
8.
文章着重研究子集模拟中马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛(MCMC)抽样算法的抽样效率与计算精度。首先,阐述可靠度子集模拟的基本原理与中间状态样本生成的各种MCMC抽样算法,在稳态马尔可夫链构造基础上提出延迟拒绝MMH(Modified Metropolis Hasting)算法,通过在MMH算法上增加备选样本的延迟拒绝步提高MMH算法的抽样效率;阐述基于随机游走与基于扩散方程MCMC方法中建议分布的差异,进一步对备选样本接受率为1的preconditioned Crank-Nicolson(pCN)算法和条件抽样(Conditional sampling, CS)算法开展研究,证明两种算法的等价性;推导有效样本量的计算方法,提出采用有效样本量与总样本量的比值定义MCMC方法的抽样效率。通过复杂目标分布的样本生成研究不同MCMC抽样算法建议分布及其参数对备选样本接受率与抽样效率的影响,最后通过计算实例研究子集模拟过程采用不同MCMC抽样算法得到失效概率的相对误差及其变异性,揭示不同MCMC抽样算法对失效概率计算精度的影响。研究表明:不同MCMC抽样算法生成备选样本的接受率及其自相关性受建议分布及其参数影响较大,对于复杂的目标分布,pCN算法和CS算法的抽样效率较高,延迟拒绝MMH算法次之;采用CS算法和延迟拒绝MMH算法进行子集模拟得到的失效概率精度较高且变异性较低;增加子集模拟中间状态样本量可以提高失效概率计算精度并降低其变异性。  相似文献   
9.
程立  马文锁  夏新涛  王良文 《机械传动》2022,46(1):56-64,86
针对模糊熵在提取滚动轴承性能退化特征时敏感度较低的问题,提出了一种基于类Sigmoid函数的改进模糊熵,并将其用于滚动轴承退化特征提取。针对传统的滚动轴承性能退化评估方法局部化的问题,提出了一种基于灰关系的滚动轴承性能退化评估方法,该方法使用灰关系理论评估提取的滚动轴承退化特征与可靠性之间的关系,从而达到从滚动轴承可靠性演变规律的整体角度评估滚动轴承退化特征的目的。实验结果表明,改进模糊熵可以精准地提取出滚动轴承的性能退化特征,并且基于改进模糊熵提取的滚动轴承退化特征与滚动轴承的保持可靠度具有一致的演变规律,可信水平均达到95%以上。  相似文献   
10.
为了解决纤维用涂层在长期使用过程中污渍吸附和开裂磨损等技术问题,首先合成末端带有呋喃基团的硅烷改性预聚体,然后制备末端带有呋喃基团的改性纳米 TiO2,最后将硅烷改性预聚体、改性纳米 TiO2以及 4,4′-亚甲基双( N-苯基马来酰亚胺)(BMI)进行 DA(Diels-Alder)反应得到树脂 /纳米填料一体化复合涂层,并对涂层的结构和性能以及自清洁、自修复效果进行研究。结果表明:涂层损伤能够在不影响疏水性能的前提下得到修复,同时纤维涂层具有很强的光降解污染物的功能,使该涂层具备自清洁和自修复双重特性,提高了纤维用涂层的使用寿命。  相似文献   
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