双泉高尔夫俱乐部的水体庭园

双泉高尔夫俱乐部坐落在小松市近郊杂木丛生的丘陵地带,北面是日本海,南向是白山,风光明媚。大多高尔夫球会馆通常会将建筑四周规划为硬地停车场,面对这样的＂潮流＂,如何设计出独具魅力的环境空间呢？联想自用地其间分布着的雪山融冰所形成的暗流,我们在设计时力图勾画火山之国日本特有的风景画面——碧水满盈的火山湖、山间现代气息浓郁的水体空间及建筑群,为山光水色、奇石碧树预留出表演的舞台,将风景园林、建筑和高尔夫场地融为一体。     

面向动态场景去模糊的对偶学习生成对抗网络

针对动态场景下的图像去模糊问题,提出一种对偶学习生成对抗网络(dual learning generative adversarial network, DLGAN),该网络可以在对偶学习的训练模式下使用非成对的模糊图像和清晰图像进行图像去模糊计算,不再要求训练图像集合必须由模糊图像与其对应的清晰图像成对组合而成. DLGAN利用去模糊任务与重模糊任务之间的对偶性建立反馈信号,并使用这个信号约束去模糊任务和重模糊任务从两个不同的方向互相学习和更新,直到收敛.实验结果表明,在结构相似度和可视化评估方面, DLGAN与9种使用成对数据集训练的图像去模糊方法相比具有更好的性能.     

Improved Modified Switching Transient Pulse Width Modulation (MT‐PWM) Method Applied to H‐Bridge Type Step‐Down Converter

The authors have devised a new method to decrease high‐frequency harmonics in a specific frequency band by modifying the switching transient slope. In previous studies, there were several problems in applying modified transient pulse width modulation (MT‐PWM) to actual converters. In this paper, three problems are solved using an improved MT‐PWM method. First, the MT‐PWM signal was obtained using a trial‐and‐error approach that involved complex computation procedures in the previous studies. In this paper, a new calculation procedure for obtaining the MT‐PWM waveform using a simple calculation is proposed. Second, a new controller (drain‐source voltage controller) based on voltage feedback is proposed in order to realize a modified switching transient to increase the stability of the switching operation. Third, the dependency of MT‐PWM on source voltage variation is investigated in order to implement MT‐PWM in an actual step‐down converter. From this result, the concept of a new type of controller with the source voltage variation taken into consideration is proposed. Finally, the authors attempted to apply MT‐PWM to an H‐bridge converter to expand the application of MT‐PWM. An H‐bridge converter with MT‐PWM for a dc motor drive is successfully operated in an experiment.     

Cholesterol Lowering Activity of Ropy Fermented Milk

The effect of ropy fermented milk on serum cholesterol in rats was studied. Basic diets containing slime-forming Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris SBT 0495, its non slime-forming variant SBT 1275, and acidified reconstituted skim milk, with 0.5% cholesterol added, were fed to F-344 rats for 7 days. Serum cholesterol level of rats fed the ropy fermented milk were the lowest among the three treatments. The serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio of rats fed ropy fermented milk was the highest. Slime materials produced by L. lactis subsp. cremoris SBT 0495 had a beneficial effect on rat cholesterol metabolism.     

Production of Hypoallergenic Rice by Enzymatic Decomposition of Constituent Proteins

A method is proposed to produce hypoallergenic rice usable for patients with rice allergy. Newly harvested rice grains were dipped in carbonate (pH 9) containing glycerin monooleate and Actinase and then the mixture was exposed to a reduced pressure for degassing. The degassed mixture was incubated at 37°C for 24 hr to hydrolyze proteins. The process produced rice grains from which the major allergenic globulin was decomposed. The product was evaluated by the radioallergosorbent test (RAST), with the result that its RAST value suggested negative allergenicity in most cases. The product was clinically administered to 7 patients with atopic dermatitis and no allergic reaction was observed in 6 of the 7.     

Electrical and mechanical properties of ZrO2(2Y)/TiN composites and laminates made from these materials

High density composites with the compositions of ZrO₂(2Y):TiN=40:60 and 70:30 mol% have been fabricated by hot isostatic pressing for 2 h at 1500°C and 196 MPa. The electrical resistivities (ρ) of the two composites are very different; showing metallic behaviour in the first case and insulating behaviour in the latter case. These properties are highly dependent on the sample texture. Laminated materials with compositions of ZrO₂(2Y)/TiN=(40:60)/(70:30)/(40:60) mol% have been prepared by hot isostatic pressing. The electrical resistivities in the perpendicular and parallel to the interface directions have been determined to be ρ⊥≈1×109 and ρ∥≈ 1×10^-6 Ωm, respectively. A residual stress of as much as ≈ 150 MPa is induced in the interfaces. The fracture toughness is greatly affected by the residual stress. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Solution behaviour of new cationic surfactants derived from Guerbet alcohols and their use in hair conditioners

The solution behaviour of new cationic surfactants, synthesized by using long-chain Guerbet alcohols, in water was investigated by a polarizing microscopic technique, differential scanning calorimetry, and electric conductivity measurements. These surfactants show the gel–liquid crystalline phase transition to be lower than 0°C and form lamellar liquid crystals even in cold water and at low concentrations of surfactants. The sorption of cationic surfactants from aqueous solutions onto hair was determined as a function of temperature. The effect of adsorbed cationic surfactants on the critical surface tension and kinetic frictional coefficients of hair surface have been investigated. These surface characteristics of hair treated with quaternary ammonium compounds derived from Guerbet alcohols were found to be significantly improved. These results can be explained by the high ability of sorption onto hair. Hair rinses and conditioners having excellent ease of combing or brushing for wet and dry hair can be formulated by the application of these cationic surfactants.     

Modified Ferromagnetic Chromium Dioxide

Several mixtures in the system Te-CrO₂ were prepared by the decomposition of anhydrous chromic acid, CrO₃, and telluric acid (H₆TeO₆) under high oxygen pressures; the physical and chemical properties were then studied. When Te was added, the grain size of CrO₂ decreased rapidly from 5 to 10 μ to 0.1 to 1.0 μ and the magnetic coercive force increased from 20 to 120 oersteds. The magnetic Curie temperature and the lattice constants of CrO₂ did not vary, however, with additions of Te up to 20 atomic %. X-ray analysis showed that the CrO₂ plus Te was not a solid solution but a mixture of CrO₂ and TeCr₂O₆ that was nonmagnetic.     

Carp Natural Actomyosin: Thermal Denaturation Mechanism

Structural changes of actomyosin, the major protein of muscle, on heating have been estimated on ATPase activity. We investigated carp actomyosin molecule changes on heating based on biophysical and biochemical techniques. Actomyosin molecules began to unfold at ～30°C. Hydrophobic amino acid residues and SH groups, which had been inside the molecule, emerged to the surface. Because of hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds, actomyosin molecules formed aggregates. At > 40°C, a part of myosin molecules was dissociated from actin filaments. Thus, dissociated myosin and the myosin-lacking molecules co-existed. In addition, fragmentation of actin filaments was observed, which was associated with the dissociation of myosin molecules. At ≥ 60 °C actomyosin molecules formed larger aggregates, in which no filamentous shape was observed. This aggregation occurred mainly by formation of SS bonds.