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排序方式: 共有167条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Improved photon management in a photoelectrochemical cell with Nd-modified TiO2 thin film photoanode
Anna Kot Dominik Dorosz Marta Radecka Katarzyna Zakrzewska 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(22):12082-12094
Photon management involving particularly an up-conversion process is proposed as a relatively novel strategy for improving the efficiency of hydrogen generation in photoelectrochemical cells (PEC) with wide-band gap photoanodes. Optically active photoanode has been constructed by electrodeposition of titanium dioxide nanopowders containing Nd3+ ions, synthesized via a sol-gel method, onto ITO/TiO2(thin film) substrates. Thin films of TiO2 have been deposited by means of RF magnetron sputtering in an ultra-high-vacuum system. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometry, and photoluminescence have been applied to assess the properties of photoanodes. In experiments involving photon-assisted water splitting, an external up-converter containing Yb3+/Er3+ rare-earth ions has been used. Photocurrent as a function of voltage (VB) under illumination with white light is relatively high (280 μA at VB = 0 V) for pure TiO2 thin films and it is not affected by the electrodeposition of TiO2:Nd3+ powders. NIR-driven up-conversion with laser excitation at λ = 980 nm has been found responsible for a 13-fold increase in photocurrent at VB = 0 V in the modified PEC configuration. 相似文献
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Krzysztof Dembczyński Wojciech Kotłowski Roman Słowiński 《Data mining and knowledge discovery》2010,21(1):52-90
Induction of decision rules plays an important role in machine learning. The main advantage of decision rules is their simplicity
and human-interpretable form. Moreover, they are capable of modeling complex interactions between attributes. In this paper,
we thoroughly analyze a learning algorithm, called ENDER, which constructs an ensemble of decision rules. This algorithm is
tailored for regression and binary classification problems. It uses the boosting approach for learning, which can be treated
as generalization of sequential covering. Each new rule is fitted by focusing on examples which were the hardest to classify
correctly by the rules already present in the ensemble. We consider different loss functions and minimization techniques often
encountered in the boosting framework. The minimization techniques are used to derive impurity measures which control construction
of single decision rules. Properties of four different impurity measures are analyzed with respect to the trade-off between
misclassification (discrimination) and coverage (completeness) of the rule. Moreover, we consider regularization consisting
of shrinking and sampling. Finally, we compare the ENDER algorithm with other well-known decision rule learners such as SLIPPER,
LRI and RuleFit. 相似文献
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Sukhvinder Pal Singh Zora Singh 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2013,48(2):363-374
Our objective was to compare the effects of controlled atmosphere (CA) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on fruit quality, chilling injury (CI) and pro‐ and antioxidative systems in ‘Blackamber’ Japanese plums. Matured fruit were stored for 5 and 8 weeks at 0–1 °C in normal air, CA‐1 (1% O2 + 3% CO2), CA‐2 (2.5% O2 + 3% CO2) and MAP (~10% O2 and 3.8% CO2). CA was more effective than MAP in retention of flesh firmness and titratable acidity during cold storage. Fruit stored in CA‐1 showed reduced CI and membrane lipid peroxidation after 5 and 8 weeks of cold storage. Low O2 atmospheres appeared to limit the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their efficient scavenging through the concerted action of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase. The role of ascorbate–glutathione (AsA–GSH) cycle in the regulation of oxidative stress was also studied during and after storage in different atmospheres. In conclusion, optimum CA conditions delayed fruit ripening and CI through augmentation of antioxidative metabolism and suppression of oxidative processes. 相似文献
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Guo Xian Tan Christian Viard-Gaudin Alex C. Kot 《International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition》2010,13(2):147-157
Allograph prototype approaches for writer identification have been gaining popularity recently due to its simplicity and promising
identification rates. Character prototypes that are used as allographs produce a consistent set of templates that models the
handwriting styles of writers, thereby allowing high accuracies to be attained. We hypothesize that the alphabet knowledge
inherent in such character prototypes can provide additional writer information pertaining to their styles of writing and
their identities. This paper utilizes a character prototype approach to establish evidence that knowledge of the alphabet
offers additional clues which help in the writer identification process. This paper then introduces an alphabet information
coefficient (AIC) to better exploit such alphabet knowledge for writer identification. Our experiments showed an increase
in writer identification accuracy from 66.0 to 87.0% on a database of 200 reference writers when alphabet knowledge was used.
Experiments related to the reduction in dimensionality of the writer identification system are also reported. Our results
show that the discriminative power of the alphabet can be used to reduce the complexity while maintaining the same level of
performance for the writer identification system. 相似文献
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Jiri Pikula Hana Bandouchova Klara Hilscherova Veronika Paskova Jana Sedlackova Ondrej Adamovsky Zora Knotkova Jiri Machat Ladislav Novotny Frantisek Vitula 《The Science of the total environment》2010,408(21):4984-4992
Under environmental conditions, wild birds can be exposed to multiple stressors including natural toxins, anthropogenic pollutants and infectious agents at the same time.This experimental study was successful in testing the hypothesis that adverse effects of cyanotoxins, heavy metals and a non-pathogenic immunological challenge combine to enhance avian toxicity. Mortality occurred in combined exposures to naturally occurring cyanobacterial biomass and lead shots, lead shots and Newcastle vaccination as well as in single lead shot exposure. Mostly acute effects around day 10 were observed. On day 30 of exposure, there were no differences in the liver accumulation of lead in single and combined exposure groups. Interestingly, liver microcystin levels were elevated in birds co-exposed to cyanobacterial biomass together with lead or lead and the Newcastle virus. Significant differences in body weights between all Pb-exposed and Pb-non-exposed birds were found on days 10 and 20. Single exposure to cyanobacterial biomass resulted in hepatic vacuolar dystrophy, whereas co-exposure with lead led to more severe granular dystrophy. Haematological changes were associated with lead exposure, in particular. Biochemical analysis revealed a decrease in glucose and an increase in lactate dehydrogenase in single and combined cyanobacterial and lead exposures, which also showed a decreased antibody response to vaccination.The combined exposure of experimental birds to sub-lethal doses of individual stressors is ecologically realistic. It brings together new pieces of knowledge on avian health. In light of this study, investigators of wild bird die-offs should be circumspect when evaluating findings of low concentrations of contaminants that would not result in mortality on a separate basis. As such it has implications for wildlife biologists, veterinarians and conservationists of avian biodiversity. 相似文献
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The SFSM is an attractive numerical technique for the buckling analysis of folded-plate structures where general loading regimes and boundary conditions need to be modelled. In implementing splines as interpolation functions in the longitudinal direction of the strip, amended splines have been used conventionally to model the variety of end conditions that may occur. These amended splines are fairly difficult to implement, particularly so if internal restraints are also to be specified. A simple technique for replacing the specification of dedicated amended splines is presented in this paper. The method is then employed to study the local buckling of flat plates under longitudinally and transversely varying compression and bending with different boundary conditions at the ends. 相似文献