Design and experimental results of a 28 GHz,400 kW gyrotron for electron cyclotron resonance heating

A high-power 28 GHz gyrotron has been successfully developed at the Institute of Applied Electronics, China Academy of Engineering Physics. This gyrotron was designed for electron cyclotron resonance heating(ECRH) in the spherical tokamak XL-50. A diode magnetron injection gun was designed to produce the required gyrating electron beam. The gyrotron operates in the TE8,3mode in a cylindrical open cavity. An internal quasi-optical mode converter was designed to convert the operating mode into a f...     

大功率太赫兹回旋管的腔体分析与模拟

以0.3 THz回旋管为研究对象,对 TE06模回旋管腔体进行理论分析和起振电流的计算,以避免模式竞争的出现。对选取的电参数进行粒子模拟仿真,在10 kV和300 mA条件下得到 TE06模输出、平均输出功率为152 W及输出频率为299.5 GHz的模拟结果,并对不同磁场和不同电流情况下输出功率进行了分析,为太赫兹回旋管的研制提供参考。     

（英）用于MW级回旋管的TE34,10模圆柱高频腔体设计

采用TE34,10-模式开展了140 GHz兆瓦级圆柱回旋管腔体的设计和优化,并分析了工作模的模式竞争情况。由于两个邻近模式TE33,10-和TE31,11+的竞争TE34,10-未能在高效率区稳定振荡,使得输出功率显著降低。为了抑制模式竞争计算了工作模和两个竞争模的滞回曲线,结果表明,TE34,10-能够在磁场由其低功率振荡区下降时对竞争模形成抑制,而在磁场由低到高时则由于竞争模的率先起振反而被竞争模所抑制。基于此设计了由5.59 T下降至5.51 T的时变磁场曲线,在此磁场下开展了包含42个模式在内的多模时域计算,结果表明竞争模式被有效抑制,工作模在此磁场曲线下能够稳定获得0.96 MW的稳定输出功率,对应的电子效率为36.7%,频率为140 GHz。     

用于MW级回旋管的TE_(34,10)模圆柱高频腔体设计（英文）

采用TE_(34,10)-模式开展了140 GHz兆瓦级圆柱回旋管腔体的设计和优化,并分析了工作模的模式竞争情况.由于两个邻近模式TE33,10-和TE31,11+的竞争TE_(34,10)-未能在高效率区稳定振荡,使得输出功率显著降低.为了抑制模式竞争计算了工作模和两个竞争模的滞回曲线,结果表明,TE_(34,10)-能够在磁场由其低功率振荡区下降时对竞争模形成抑制,而在磁场由低到高时则由于竞争模的率先起振反而被竞争模所抑制.基于此设计了由5. 59 T下降至5. 51 T的时变磁场曲线,在此磁场下开展了包含42个模式在内的多模时域计算,结果表明竞争模式被有效抑制,工作模在此磁场曲线下能够稳定获得0. 96 MW的稳定输出功率,对应的电子效率为36. 7%,频率为140 GHz.     

140GHz/50kW回旋管的研制与测试

回旋管在毫米波与太赫兹频段能够输出高峰值功率和高平均功率,具有重要的应用需求。本文基于回旋管束波互作用理论设计了一只140 GHz回旋管以用于磁约束聚变中电子回旋加热相关元件的测试和老炼,目标是实现最大输出功率不小于50 kW,具备脉冲工作及连续运行能力,且具有一定的频率和功率调节范围以适应测试的需求。根据设计结果开展了该回旋管的研制与测试,在阴极电压-37.2 kV,控制极电压-12.19 kV,阳极电压+11 kV,束流3.4 A,工作磁场约5.3T下获得最大脉冲输出功率56 kW,功率可通过工作电流和磁场进行调节,同样的调节手段还可以使频率获得约80 MHz的调节范围。重点对起振电流、功率曲线和频率曲线等进行了理论计算结果和实验结果的对比,二者获得了良好的一致。由于初步实验中观察到了大于50 kW连续波功率输出时窗片的过温现象,因此降低功率在20.3 kW开展了连续运行实验,结果表明在该功率下回旋管连续运行状态稳定,可以用于后续聚变元件测试和老炼工作的开展。     

Design and preliminary test of a 105/140 GHz dual-frequency MW-level gyrotron

A dual-frequency (105/140 GHz) MW-level continuous-wave gyrotron was developed for fusion application at Institute of Applied Electronics, China Academy of Engineering Physics. This gyrotron employs a cylindrical cavity working in the TE18,7 mode at 105 GHz and the TE24,9 mode at 140 GHz. A triode magnetron injection gun and a built-in quasi-optical mode converter were designed to operate at these two frequencies. For the proof-test phase, the gyrotron was equipped with a single-disk boron nitride window to achieve radio frequency output with a power of ∼500 kW for a short-pulse duration. In the preliminary short-pulse proof-test in the first quarter of 2021, the dual-frequency gyrotron achieved output powers of 300 kW at 105 GHz and 540 kW at 140 GHz, respectively, under 5 Hz 1 ms continuous pulse-burst operations. Power upgrade and pulse-width extension were hampered by the limitation of the high-voltage power supply and output window. This gyrotron design was preliminarily validated.