EC Analysis of Multi-Antenna System over 5G and Beyond Networks and its Application to IRS-Assisted Wireless Systems

Wireless Personal Communications - Recently, the theory of effective rate has attracted much attention, since it can take the delay aspect into account when performing channel capacity analysis. In...     

Sol-gel auto-combustion synthesis of Ba–Sr hexaferrite ceramic powders

We report the mechanism involved in sol-gel auto-combustion synthesis of Ba–Sr-hexaferrite (Ba_1-xSr_xFe₁₂O₁₉; x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1, BSFO) ceramic powders through the analysis of the phases evolved during annealing of the as-synthesized powders, along with their structure and morphological studies. The XRD patterns of the as-synthesized samples indicate the formation of barium/strontium monoferrite ((Ba/Sr)Fe₂O₄) and maghemite (γ-Fe₂O₃) phases along with a minute amount of hematite (α-Fe₂O₃) phase. Annealing of these samples facilitates formation of BSFO phase through the solid state reaction between BaFe₂O₄ and γ-Fe₂O₃ phase. Interestingly, after annealing the samples with x = 0, 0.5 and 1, at 1000 °C for 2 h, we observed that phase pure Ba–Sr hexaferrite structure forms, but for samples with x = 0.25 and 0.75, high amount of hematite (α-Fe₂O₃) phase is observed, especially for x = 0.75. The reason associated with this could be the large difference between the ionic radii of Ba²⁺ and Sr²⁺ ions occupying the oxygen site. Furthermore, our study on annealing dependent phase evolution confirms that, this difference in ionic radii forbids the formation of a single phase Ba–Sr hexaferrite. The growth of clear hexagonal-shaped plate-like particles with varied particle sizes was observed for all the samples. The particle size variation may be due to the influence of the ionic radii difference on the sinterability of the samples. Our study provides a better understanding of synthesis mechanism of Ba–Sr hexaferrite samples.     

Facial expression recognition using modified Viola-John’s algorithm and KNN classifier

Multimedia Tools and Applications - In the way of communication, facial expression act as non-verbal communication and play an important role in social interaction by providing some contextual...     

Detailed Balance Broken by Catch Bond Kinetics Enables Mechanical-Adaptation in Active Materials

Unlike nearly all engineered materials which contain bonds that weaken under load, biological materials contain “catch” bonds which are reinforced under load. Consequently, materials, such as the cell cytoskeleton, can adapt their mechanical properties in response to their state of internal, non-equilibrium (active) stress. However, how large-scale material properties vary with the distance from equilibrium is unknown, as are the relative roles of active stress and binding kinetics in establishing this distance. Through course-grained molecular dynamics simulations, the effect of breaking of detailed balance by catch bonds on the accumulation and dissipation of energy within a model of the actomyosin cytoskeleton is explored. It is found that the extent to which detailed balance is broken uniquely determines a large-scale fluid-solid transition with characteristic time-reversal symmetries. The transition depends critically on the strength of the catch bond, suggesting that active stress is necessary but insufficient to mount an adaptive mechanical response.     

Performance Analysis of a Cognitive Radio Network Under Energy Harvesting from Primary User Emulation Attacker

Wireless Personal Communications - The paper reports the performance of an energy harvesting cognitive radio network under primary user emulation (PUE) attack. A secondary user (SU) can harvest...     

A Time Frequency-Based Approach for Defect Detection in Composites Using Nonstationary Thermal Wave Imaging

Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing - Characterization of various industrial components without impairing their future utility increases the necessity of nondestructive testing (NDT)...     

Efficacious Doxorubicin Delivery Using Glutathione-Responsive Hollow Non-phospholipid Vesicles Bearing Lipoyl Cholesterols

In this study, we developed redox-sensitive vesicles using synthesised lipoyl cholesterol derivatives, a non-ionic surfactant and an optimum level of free cholesterol. Interestingly, concentration-dependent self-assembly was observed by scanning electron microscopy, wherein vesicles manifested as hollow spherical (at 0.15 mm ) and triangular (0.50 mm ). The redoxresponsive characteristics of the vesicles was probed in the presence of dithiothreitol; they underwent a clear increase in size as observed by dynamic light scattering measurements. These vesicles could easily encapsulate an anticancer drug, doxorubicin, and were observed to be stable in the presence of serum. They showed substantial release of the drug in response to biologically relevant stimulus, that is, glutathione. A toxicity assessment on HeLa and HepG2 cancer cells demonstrated activities of the drug-loaded vesicles comparable to that of free drug, whereas significantly enhanced toxicity and apoptotic induction were observed against drug-resistant HeLa cells, which was determined by studying the cellular internalisation of doxorubicin.