原位合成WC-6Co复合粉末制备超细YG6硬质合金

将原位合成WC-6Co复合粉末采用干袋式冷等静压压制成型(压制压力1×10~8 Pa、保压时间15 s),将压制好的坯料采用低压烧结炉烧结(烧结温度1360℃、烧结时间40 min、加压5 MPa、保温保压时间20 min),烧结制备超细YG6硬质合金,对合金的形貌、金相组织及物理力学性能进行分析。结果表明:原位合成WC-6Co复合粉末制备的超细YG6硬质合金,晶粒异常长大,WC平均晶粒尺寸为0.8μm,硬度HV_(30)为(21500±100) MPa,较传统超细YG6X硬度高。再将WC-6Co复合粉末采用滚动湿磨、压力式喷雾干燥、掺成型剂、挤压成型、低压烧结等工序制备超细YG6硬质合金,研究不同晶粒长大抑制剂配比、球磨时间、挤压压力、烧结温度对合金性能的影响。结果表明:添加0.3%VC、0.8%Cr_3C_2(质量分数),湿磨48 h,挤压压力24 MPa,烧结温度1340℃,制备的超细YG6硬质合金WC晶粒均匀,无异常长大的WC晶粒,WC平均晶粒度尺寸0.4μm,呈多边形,外形较圆。强度、硬度最高,抗弯强度TRS为(2250±20) MPa、硬度HV30为(22600±100) MPa。断口形貌为沿晶断裂,沿WC与WC晶界断裂或WC与Co晶界断裂。     

纳米颗粒氧化铈的制备研究

氧化铈由于具备独特的redox性能,在催化剂制备方面倍受关注。本文介绍了水热法、模板剂诱导均相沉淀法制备纳米颗粒氧化铈的合成工艺。在NaOH、NH3反应体系中,120℃、24h可获得肩峰较宽、具有CeO2、Ce3O3固溶峰的纳米结构氧化铈颗粒。粒径在5～15nm,比表面积为128 52m2/g;模板诱导沉淀法在(NH2)2CO为0 44mol、SDS为0 02mol、Ce(NO3)3·6H2O为0 01mol、反应72h,可制备出比表面积为155 08m2/g,粒径为10nm、孔径(poresize)为10 07nm的氧化铈。两种合成方法均可制备出具有催化剂所要求的、较高内比表面积和较好纳米结构相的氧化铈颗粒。     

室温磁制冷机永磁磁场的设计

根据室温磁制冷机用永磁磁场的特点,用磁库仑定律法推导出一套永磁磁路计算公式,该公式可计算各种室温磁制冷机用永磁磁路的磁感应强度(B),计算值与实际测量值符合得较好.采用聚磁技术设计了磁制冷用的大于1.8 T的永磁磁场,并根据往复式和旋转式磁制冷机的特点,设计了室温磁制冷机用的几种永磁磁场.     

喷雾转化法制备WC-Co复合粉末制备硬质合金的研究进展

综述了国内外以钨源、钴源或钨源、钴源、碳源通过喷雾转化法制备WC-Co复合粉末及硬质合金制备的研究进展。主要讨论制备WC-Co粉末及硬质合金的思路、方法、工艺参数和合金性能,为喷雾转化法制备WC-Co复合粉末制备硬质合金提供研究思路及方法。通过不断优化、改进制备工艺和方法可制备出工艺流程短、组元分布均匀、杂质含量低、粒度分布窄、晶粒度小、成本低的WC-Co复合粉末。     

胶体干燥工艺对制备CaMnO3粉末的影响

以金属硝酸盐为初始原料,利用溶胶凝胶法制备了溶胶,在不同干燥工艺条件下得到各类干凝胶前驱物,后经煅烧得到CaMnO3多晶粉末。本文研究了不同干燥工艺对制备CaMnO3粉末的影响,并利用XRD、SEM、TEM、激光粒度分析仪等表征手段分析了所得粉末。结果表明,多温区连续升温干燥工艺有利于得到完全脱水的干凝胶前驱物,其中90℃+120℃+140℃+160℃连续加热干燥工艺方式最佳,所得干凝胶前驱物经950℃煅烧后能够得到结晶性良好,颗粒较为均匀且形貌规则的CaMnO3多晶粉末,多晶颗粒体由单晶区域组成,各单晶取向不同。     

压力对NiO晶体结构及电子结构影响的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论的方法研究了不同压力条件下立方结构NiO氧化物的晶格结构、稳定性和电子结构。计算结果表明,NiO氧化物的晶格参数逐渐减小,键长变小,对称性保持不变;体系费米能先降低后增加;零压力下其存在着0.46eV的间接带隙,费米能级附近的状态密度较低,随着外压力的增加,带隙先减小再增大,费米能级附近的态密度先增大再减小。分析结果表明,随着外压力的增加,NiO氧化物价带顶附近的载流子有效质量先增大再减小;导带底的载流子有效质量均较小。外界加力还改变了NiO体系的电子分布情况。     

Effect of particle size on the polycrystalline CeB6 cathode prepared by spark plasma sintering

The full densification polycrystalline cerium hexaboride (CeB6) cathode material was prepared by using the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method in an oxygen free system. The starting precursor nanopowders with an average grain size of 50 nm were prepared by high-energy ball milling. The ball-milled nanopowder was fully densified at 1550 °C under 50 MPa, which was about 350 °C lower than the conventional hot-pressing method and it was also lower than that of coarse powder under the same sintering condition. The mechanical properties of nanopowder sintered samples were significantly better than that of coarse powder, e.g., the flexural strength and Vickers hardness were 211% and 51% higher than that of coarse powder, respectively. The electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) result showed that the (100) fiber texture could be fabricated by the ball-milled nanopowder sintered at 1550 °C and the thermionic emission current density was measured to be 16.04 A/cm2 at a cathode temperature of 1873 K.     

放电等离子烧结技术的发展和应用

放电等离子烧结（SPS）是一种快速，低温，节能，环保的材料制备新技术，本文综述了SPS在国内外的发展和应用，介绍了SPS的原理，特点及在新材料制备加工中的应用。     

稀土氧化物对钼材料力学性能的影响

研究了稀土氧化物Ｌａ２Ｏ３对烧结态和加工态钼材力学性能的影响。结果表明，Ｌａ２Ｏ３不仅显提高了烧结态和加工态钼材的强度，而且显改善了钼的韧性，显示出综合强韧化作用。     

Chemical States of Lanthanum in Carbonized La2O3-Mo Thermionic Cathode Materials

The chemical reaction between lanthanum oxide and molybdenum carbide was studied by thermodynamic calcu-lation, thermal analysis and in-situ X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. The theoretical results show that at the environment allowing for the evaporation of lanthanum, such as in high vacuum, La2O3 in the La2O3-Mo materials can be reduced to metallic lanthanum by molybdenum carbide (Mo2C). To confirm the conclusion, many analysis methods such as XRD, SPS, and TG-DTA were taken. The experimental results show that the chemical state of lanthanum changes during heat-ing. It was proved, for the first time, that reacted metallic lanthanum appears at the surface of this kind of material at high temperature.