钨铜合金化学镀镍磷镀层的腐蚀行为

采用浸渍失重试验法和动电位极化曲线研究了钨铜合金基材和钨铜合金表面化学镀Ni-P合金镀层在不同腐蚀介质溶液中的腐蚀行为.浸渍失重试验结果表明:Ni-P合金在质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液、人工模拟汗液和体积分数为10%的H2SO4溶液中的耐腐蚀性能好于钨铜合金;动电位极化曲线研究表明:化学镀Ni-P合金浸入3.5wt.%NaCl溶液后不久其表面便开始形成钝化膜,但此钝化膜不完整,随着浸泡时间的延长,钝化膜不断生长,能在较长时间内(29d)对钨铜合金起到保护作用.     

A3钢在富营养化东湖水中初期腐蚀研究

    以A3钢为研究对象,采用失重实验和电化学技术研究了A3钢在富营养化东湖水中的腐蚀行为.结果表明：A3钢在实验过程中腐蚀电流随时间增长逐渐减小;自腐蚀电位先降后升,而极化电阻逐渐增大,说明电极表面刚开始处于活化状态,然后电极表面“保护膜”不断生长,将电极表面覆盖,减缓了基体的腐蚀;电化学方法计算出富营养化水中A3钢的腐蚀电流与线性极化电阻的比例常数B值为23.6242;通过XPS分析得出A3钢腐蚀产物的成分为FeOOH,Fe³⁺与C、N、S结合的有机产物和FeSO₄,其中Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺=0.24.     

POSITRON LIFETIME STUDIES ON SYSTEMS OF PALLADIUM FILLED GALVANOSTATICALLY WITH HYDROGEN OR DEUTERIUM

The positron lifetime spectroscopy was used to investigate the electron structures of crystal lattice and its defects in palladium samples filled galvanostatically with hydrogen and deuterium, respectively. The results have indicated that the positron lifetime were all the same between hydrogen and deuterium filled samples in which the positron lifetime τ(?) increased about 10%, corresponding to the volume expansibility after the formation of hydrides PdH or PdD phases during electrolyzing commom water or heavy water with Pd cathode; and Will not change with time in 3 weeks after stopping electrolysis; but could be recovered to 116±1ps, the value in polycrystalline pure palladium, after annealing at high temperature.     

六价铬电镀替代技术研究现状及其应用

研究取代严重污染环境的六价铬电镀的技术和应用,可以从源头上治理电镀对环境的污染.当前国内外都在研究取代六价铬电镀的技术,实践表明,取代六价铬电镀,将明显改善环境治理状况,节约大量的污染处理费用,具有极其显著的经济效益和环境效益.在我国办绿色奥运的形势下,研制取代严重污染环境的六价铬电镀技术,并投入实际生产使用,已经成为电镀行业和环境保护方面迫切的需要,也是实现可持续发展战略的迫切需要.     

聚氨酯弹性灌封料的研制

通过合成聚氨酯弹性灌封料,研究了异氰酸酯种类、多元醇、NCO/OH摩尔比以及阻燃剂的种类对灌封料性能的影响。结果表明,以蓖麻油为A组分多元醇,PAPI、液化MD I混合异氰酸酯为B组分,选用IPPP为阻燃剂,两组分NCO/OH摩尔比为0.9~1.2混合时,得到的产品固化后硬度适中,性能良好。     

Improvement of corrosion resistance of AZ91D magnesium alloy by gadolinium addition

Based on the previous investigation on beneficial introduction of holmium into magnesium alloy, the effect of gadolinium, an adjacent rare earth element, on corrosion resistance was examined. The corrosion behavior of two Mg-9Al-Gd alloys （Mg-9Al-0.45Gd and Mg-9Al-l.43Gd） was evaluated and compared with that of Mg-9Al alloy without Gd by means of specimen mass loss and hydrogen evolution in 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg（OH）2. The Gd-containing alloys exhibit enhanced corrosion resistance with respect to the plain Mg-9Al alloy. The microstructures of Mg-9Al alloy and Mg-9Al-0.45 Gd alloy were observed by electron probe microanalysis （EPMA） and energy dispersion spectroscopy （EDS）. The alloys with Gd addition show a microstructure characterized by a phase solid solution, surrounded by minor amount of β phase and more grain-like Gd-containing phase. To illustrate the involved mechanism their polarization curves were recorded. The electrochemical investigations reveal that Gd addition shifts the corrosion potential of the alloy towards active, as Gd containing phase is more active and hence less cathodic. As a result, the micro-galvanic corrosion is suppressed. Moreover corrosion product films formed on the Gd containing alloys are more compact and provide a better protective effectiveness than that on the alloy without Gd against corrosion. Repassivation measurements in mixture solution of 0.21 mol/L K2CrO4＋0.6 mol/L NaCI also verify the beneficial role of Gd addition. Based on the present preliminary analysis, both the deposited Gd-containing phases and corrosion product films are believed to be responsible for the improved corrosion behaviour due to Gd addition.     

Fe／HCl体系中缓蚀剂吸脱附诱导的电流／电位振荡

研究了HCl介质中活性电位区有机缓蚀剂在Fe电极表面吸脱附诱导产生的电化学振荡现象，及缓蚀剂浓度、电极电位和溶液搅拌等因素对振荡行为的影响。结果表明，在HCl介质中Fe电极的活性电位区同样得到了规整的电流振荡波，但相同条件下的振荡行为要弱于H2SO4介质中，随缓蚀剂浓度升高，振荡波的周期变长，振荡 减弱；由阴极到阳极，电流振荡波形不同，周期也有所增长，搅拌对电流振荡无明显影响，同时报道了该缓蚀体系中恒电流电位振荡的新现象。     

镁合金化学转化膜

综述了镁合金化学转化膜技术的现状，主要涉及化学转化处理工艺及在多种不同处理液中所得到的转化膜的特性，最后还展望了今后镁合金化学转化膜的发展趋势。     

掺锑氧化锡纳米晶体的制备及性能研究

以SnCl4.5H2O和SbCl3乙醇溶液为原料,用离子交换除氯水解法制备得到无氯离子的前驱体掺锑氢氧化锡胶体沉淀。采用了乙酸异戊酯有机溶剂作脱水剂以消除掺锑氢氧化锡胶体干燥过程中硬团聚的形成,并和常用的正丁醇共沸溶剂进行了粉体性能的比较。用BET、XRD和TEM等方法对前驱体和掺锑氧化锡纳米粉体进行表征。结果表明,乙酸异戊酯溶剂比正丁醇溶剂更有效防止了粉体干燥过程中硬团聚的形成;将乙酸异戊酯干燥所得掺锑氢氧化锡干粉经热处理后得到了高比表面积的掺锑氧化锡纳米粉体,并对晶粒的生长过程进行了研究。     

环境湿度对聚酰胺力学性能的影响及其微观机理探讨

从环境湿度角度对聚酰胺(PA)的力学性能进行了研究。选用PA66进行一系列的有关湿度试验。通过不同湿度环境下与时间相关的力学性能试验,研究了环境湿度对PA66力学性能的影响。发现,在老化初期PA66的力学性能下降,但随着时间的延长,力学性能有所回升,有的甚至略微超过原始性能。同时,也探讨了引起PA性能变化的微观机理。