Chirality‐Based Biosensors

The fabrication of chiral nanostructures gives rise to characteristic chiroptical activity, which can be used for chirality‐based biosensors. Great progress is made in the use of nanoassemblies for the construction of chiral nanoparticle dimers, pyramids, helices, and twisted structures, and their chiroptical activities correlate with diverse structural geometries and enantiomeric configurations. In DNA‐hybridization‐based chiral nanoassemblies, the assembly parameters, such as the components, gaps, multicomponents, and the aftergrowth of metal, can result in multiple bands and enhanced chiroptical effects. Based on known chiral nanostructures, the existing chiral nanoassembly‐based biosensors together with their targets and signal amplification strategies are reviewed. Chirality involves multiple signals, and multitarget biosensors are introduced with newly developed chiral architectures for the accurate and reliable monitoring of biomarkers in living cells. The interactions between chiral nanoarchitectures and biosystems are also highlighted, which are important not only in the chiral dynamic switching of nano‐objects for biomonitoring, but also in manipulating cell growth, proliferation, and adhesion. The future perspectives on chiral fabrication and its use in biosensors are also comprehensively discussed.     

超生雾化降尘研究及应用

为解决某矿破碎筛分车间粉尘污染问题，采用喷嘴雾化理论设计喷嘴雾化降尘实验，并根据实验结果在该矿破碎筛分车间应用了超声雾化降尘技术。实验及应用结果表明：超声雾化发生器的液体雾化装置，气体辅助雾化装置和雾束形成器的几何结构影响喷雾的雾化参数与流量特性，液体雾化器与气体辅助雾化装置影响液体初次破碎与雾化，雾束形成器影响雾滴的二次破碎与约束液束形态；超声雾化发生器的气液比与气液压力比存在幂函数关系，幂指数为-1.09；雾滴粒径越小，雾滴的降尘效率越高，当雾滴D50为23 μm时，雾滴的降尘效率在94%以上；在破碎筛分车间振动筛给料皮带和筛上皮带受料点布置超声雾化发生器，超声雾化发生器开启后，车间内粉尘浓度降低至586～10.54 mg/m3，降尘效率在71.38%以上。     

Artificial Chiral Probes and Bioapplications

The development of artificial chiral architectures, especially chiral inorganic nanostructures, has greatly promoted research into chirality in nanoscience. The nanoscale chirality of artificial chiral nanostructures offers many new application opportunities, including chiral catalysis, asymmetric synthesis, chiral biosensing, and others that may not be allowed by natural chiral molecules. Herein, the progress achieved during the past decade in chirality-associated biological applications (biosensing, biolabeling, and bioimaging) combined with individual chiral nanostructures (such as chiral semiconductor nanoparticles and chiral metal nanoparticles) or chiral assemblies is discussed.     

臭氧联合高级氧化方法处理有机废水的技术进展

臭氧因其强氧化能力而在废水处理中得到广泛的应用,但单独采用臭氧氧化技术处理废水存在处理费用高、利用率低和矿化程度低等问题。高级氧化方法与臭氧联用,可大大促进臭氧分解,提高有机物的去除率。因此臭氧与紫外线、过氧化氢、超声波、及催化剂等多种高级氧化方法用于有机废水处理已经成为目前研究的热点,并取得了显著的进步。     

高频超声波技术在构造岩石学研究中的应用--以郯庐断裂带南段巢湖地区为例

应用高频超声波技术对皖东郯庐断裂带南段巢湖地区凤凰山背斜进行了纵波波速的系统测试，讨论了波速大小与应力之问的对应关系，分析了背斜核部的应力分布状态，给出了不同构造变形部位的应力相对大小与其超声波速的半定量关系，从理论和实践上探讨了超声波测试应用在构造岩石研究中的可行性．研究结果表明，高频超声波检测应用在地质构造研究中有其可能性和可行性。波速大小与构造变形的岩石中地质应力的量级有关，在凤凰山背斜处根据波速得出的应力结果与理论推导一致；根据波速结合构造、岩性可以较准确地确定应力分布的状态及应力强度最大的部位。这对于构造岩石学研究以及指导工程地质学实践具有一定借鉴意义．与其他方法相比较，超声法比较简单。测试精度高。有较好的应用前景。     

单层双向正交索网结构索长误差敏感性分析及控制限值研究

单层双向正交索网结构是由两个方向正交拉索组合而成的索网体系.结构施工偏差和构件加工误差引起的索长误差会改变结构的形状从而改变索力,因此索网结构施工控制,首先应将索长误差控制在一个可接受的范围内,使之对结构响应的影响最小.以国家速滑馆大跨度单层双向正交索网结构为工程背景,研究了由于拉索索长误差引起结构成形态的索力与理论值偏差问题,使用有限元软件MIDAS Gen研究了单根拉索的误差敏感性.研究了单根拉索在不同误差取值下索力的变化规律和同时存在的多根拉索误差对索力的影响,并根据统计学原理制定了拉索的误差控制限值,最后通过现场实测数据验证了该限值的正确性.     

1,5-环辛二烯氯化铱的HPLC法测定

建立了用高效液相色谱分析1,5-环辛二烯氯化铱纯度的方法。以C18色谱柱为固定相,以乙腈/水53/47 (V/V)溶液为流动相,检测波长为285 nm,可以获得满足1,5-环辛二烯氯化铱纯度测定要求的色谱图。在1,5-环辛二烯氯化铱浓度为0.224~0.336 mg/mL时,线性相关系数(r)为0.9993,样品加标回收率为99.13%~101.37%, 相对标准偏差为1.01%。     

玻璃熔窑蓄热室内SNCR脱硝技术探讨

阐述了各种烟气脱硝技术的优缺点,针对玻璃熔窑的特殊情况提出了一种在蓄热室内进行SNCR烟气脱硝的方案。对进一步在玻璃工业推广烟气脱硝技术具有一定的研发意义和推广价值。     

Propagation of surface cracks on beam blank in the mould during continuous casting

ABSTRACT

We focus on crack propagation to investigate surface cracks in the mould during continuous casting, based on the crack initiation mechanism proposed in previous studies. The temperature and stress data of a solidified shell were extracted, and an extended finite element model based on the continuous damage theory of elastic–plastic materials was developed to simulate surface crack propagation. The results showed that, in the cracked area, stress concentration occurred at the crack tip, and the element split open and the crack propagated when the maximum principal stress in the stress concentration area reached the critical value. Prefabricated cracks in the fillet and web mainly developed into longitudinal cracks in the mould. The theoretical mechanism of this study was found to be the same as the crack propagation mechanism observed during the actual production of beam blanks. Thus, this study reveals the theoretical principle of crack initiation and propagation and can provide theoretical guidance for controlling surface cracks during beam blank continuous casting.