钇掺杂对Ce0.33Zr0.67O2储氧性能的影响

采用柠檬酸溶胶凝胶法制备了一系列钇掺杂的富锆铈锆复合氧化物Ce0.33YxZr0.67-xO2,并通过XRD,BET,OSC,XPS,in-situ CO-FTIR等测试,系统研究了钇掺杂后铈锆复合氧化物储放氧性能的变化规律及其影响因素。结果表明,钇离子能够进入铈锆晶格形成固溶体,并提高铈锆体系的结构热稳定性。对于新鲜样,钇掺杂可大幅提升Ce0.33Zr0.67O2材料的比表面积,提高单位质量铈锆材料的储氧能力;但老化后,钇掺杂样品的储氧性能随着掺杂量的增加而减小。通过XPS及原位红外吸附性能测试证实,钇在Ce0.33Zr0.67O2材料表面主要取代锆离子,其掺杂会降低样品的表面吸附能力,抑制铈的氧化还原反应,从而导致该体系储氧性能的下降。     

多元铈锆基复合氧化物储氧材料的研究进展

铈锆复合氧化物是汽车尾气三效催化剂(TWC)中的关键材料之一.随着排放法规日益严格,对铈锆复合氧化物的热稳定性、低温还原性及储放氧能力等提出了更高的要求,实际应用中主要以铈锆为基体进行多元改性来获得高性能的催化助剂.简述了稀土、碱土、过渡金属等元素对铈锆复合氧化物进行改性的研究现状,并展望了其用于汽车尾气净化方面的发展.     

钛合金耐磨阳极氧化膜层结构和性能研究

采用脉冲阳极氧化技术制备一种耐磨型钛合金阳极氧化膜,研究阳极氧化膜的成分、形貌及耐磨性能.结果表明:耐磨型钛合金阳极氧化膜显著提高了钛合金的耐磨性,是一种表面粗糙,厚度为7～8μm的多孔膜,主要由金红石与锐钛型TiO_2混合晶体组成.     

Effects of cerium and vanadium on the activity and selectivity of MnOx-TiO2 catalyst for low-temperature NH3-SCR

MnOx-TiO2,CeO2-MnOx-TiO2 and V2O5-MnOx-TiO2 catalysts for low-temperature NH3-SCR were prepared by sol-gel method.The results showed that both cerium and vanadium prevented the transformation of anatase TiO2 to the rutile phase.The addition of vanadium oxide induced the segregation of crystalline Mn2O3,which contributed little to low-temperature SCR and ammonia oxidation,from the MnOx-TiO2 solid solutions.However,the selectivity of the V-containing catalyst was almost 100% due to the decreased ammonia consump-tion and enhanced adsorption capacity of ammonia on Br(?)nsted acid sites at relatively high temperatures.The electron-donating effect of ce-rium reduced the Mn4+/Mn3+ ratio to some extent,resulting in a decreased activity for ammonia oxidation.This,in combination with the en-hanced ammonia adsorption capacity by Cen+ as additional Lewis acid sites,endowed the Ce-doped catalyst a higher N2 selectivity than MnOx-TiO2 despite the slightly elevated light-off temperature for NO conversion.     

Rare earth containing catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of NO_x with ammonia:A Review

Increasingly stringent regulations in many countries require effective reduction and control of NOx emissions. To meet these limits, various methods have been exploited, among which the selective catalytic reduction of NOx using ammonia as the reductant(NH3-SCR) is the most favored technology. High catalytic activity, N2 selectivity and resistance to deactivation by sulfur, alkaline metals and hydrothermal conditions are the optimal properties of a successful SCR catalyst. Rare earth oxides, particularly CeO2, have been increasingly used to improve the catalytic activity and resistance to deactivation of deNOx catalysts, both modifying traditional vanadium catalysts, and also developing novel catalysts, especially for low temperature applications. This review summarized the open literature concerning recent research and development progresses in the application of rare earths for NH3-SCR of NOx. Additionally, the roles of rare earths in enhancing the performance of NH3-SCR catalyst were reviewed.     

Structure and oxygen storage capacity of Pd/Pr/CeO_2-ZrO_2 catalyst:effects of impregnated praseodymia

Praseodymium(Pr) was impregnated to CeO2-ZrO2 solid solution by an impregnation method.The as-obtained Pr modified CeO2-ZrO2 was impregnated with 1 wt.% Pd to prepare the catalysts.The structure and reducibility of the fresh and hydrothermally aged catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),CO chemisorption and H2 temperature-programmed reduction(H2-TPR).The oxygen storage capacity(OSC) was evaluated with CO serving as probe gas.Effects of impregnated Pr on the structure and oxygen storage capacity of catalysts were investigated.The results showed that the aged Pr-impregnated samples had much higher OSC and better reducibility than the unmodified ones.The scheme of structural evolutions of the catalysts with and without Pr was also established.Partial of the impregnated Pr diffused into the bulk of CeO2-ZrO2 during ageing,which inhibited the sintering,and increased the amount of oxygen vacancies in CeO2-ZrO2 support.Furthermore,those impregnated Pr species which covered on the surface of the support obstructed the strong metal-support interaction between Pd and Ce so as to reduce the encapsulation of Pd as well as the back spill-over of the oxygen during the catalytic process.     

Preparation and characterization of silica microcapsules containing butyl-stearate via sol-gel method

For thermal energy storage application in energy-saving building materials, silica microcapsules containing phase change material were prepared using sol-gel method in O/W emulsion system. In the system droplets in microns are formed by emulsifying an organic phase consisting of butyl-stearate as core material. The silica shell was formed via hydrolysis and condensation from tetraethyl silicate with acetate as catalyst. The SEM photographs show the particles possess spherical morphology and core-shell structure. The as-prepared silica microcapsules mainly consist of microsphere in the diameter of 3-7 μm and the median diameter of these microcapsules equals to 5.2μm. The differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） curves indicate that the latent heat and the melting point of microcapsules are 86 J/g and 22.6 ℃, respectively. The results of DSC and TG further testify the microcapsules with core-shell structure.     

国外环境材料的研究进展及发展动向

介绍了近一两年国外环境材料的最新发展动向和研究进展，并就我国环境材料的研究现状及发展提出一些看法和建议。主要讨论的内容有：把环境意识引入材料科学是保持世界平衡、持续发展的一条重要的途径；     

Effect of Sr and Ce on Synthesis of Nanometer Perovskite LaMnO3＋λ

Nanometer perovskite LaMnO3 λ, La0.6Ce0.4MnO3 λ and La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 λ were prepared by citric acid-aide dsol-gel method. The effects of Ce, Sr on the structure and properties of nanometer perovskite were studied through DTTGA, XRD, TEM and BET analyses. The results show that, by sol-gel method, LaMnO3 λ, La0.6Ce0.4MnO3 λ and La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 λ were made with average particle size of about 60, 100 and 30 nm, respectively. After partially substituting Sr on La positions in LaMnO3 λ, it is found that Sr is located at the perovskite lattice so as to reduce the formation temperature of the perovskite. As a result, the perovskite has a smaller particle size and larger specific surface area. On the contrary, it is difficult for Ce to enter the perovskite lattice. Ce exists mostly in the form of CeO2 as partially substituting La in LaMnO3 λ. The formation temperature of the perovskite increases, and the catalyst containing CeO2 presents a larger particle size and less specific surface area.     

离子束辅助沉积技术在腐蚀与防护中的应用

离子束辅助沉积技术是近年来发展很快的一种表面技术，集气相沉积和离子注入优点于一体，为改善２薄膜