氧化石墨烯复合膜处理含油废水的研究进展

氧化石墨烯（GO）膜在水处理方面有较好效果,但纯氧化石墨烯膜的稳定性、抗污性差,水通量 低,对于油水分离不能达到最优效果。引入功能材料通过物理和化学方法改性后,得到氧化石墨烯修饰复合膜 和氧化石墨烯基复合膜,其水通量、抗污性和油水分离效率都得到有效提高。文章简要介绍了国内外具有代表 性的氧化石墨烯复合膜在含油废水处理方面的研究,探讨了复合膜去除含油废水的机理,并总结和展望了氧化 石墨烯复合膜材料的发展前景。     

提高某厂铅烟灰铟浸出率的研究

对某厂铅烟灰提铟工艺进行了研究,提出了硫酸化焙烧－水浸的浸出工艺流程,使铟的浸出率提高到88％以上。     

Lutein and lutein esters in marigold flowers by high performance chromatography

Lutein and lutein esters in marigold flowers was quantitatively determined by high performance chromatography (HPLC) with ODS-C18 column. A mixture of CH3CN-CH3OH-CH3COOCH2CH2 with volume ratio of 55:1:44 was used as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0mL/min and detection was carried out at 480 nm. The column temperature was about 20℃. The contents of lutein and lutein esters were determined by analytical curve of lutein since lutein and lutein esters have the same spectral characteristics. Determination results of hexane extracts and saponified samples of lutein show that the saponification transforms the esters into free lutein. The increase of the content of dipalmitate and palmitate stearate reveals that the reaction includes transesterifications.     

焙烧态水滑石吸附水中钒酸根的研究

采用共沉淀法合成了Mg/Al物质的量比为2∶1的水滑石(LDH),773K煅烧得到其煅烧产物(CLDH),研究了CLDH对钒酸根的吸附性能,分别考察了吸附剂用量、钒酸根浓度、吸附时间和温度等因素对钒酸根吸附效果的影响,并探讨了吸附热力学。结果表明,CLDH对钒酸根有很强的吸附能力,在293～313K温度范围内,CLDH的最大吸附量随着温度的升高而逐渐增大(79.8～92.9mg/g),吸附等温线很好地符合Langmuir方程(R20.999),吸附自由能(ΔG0)为-2.47～-3.81kJ/mol,是自发的物理吸附过程;CLDH吸附钒酸根为熵增过程,熵变为67.23J/(mol·K)。     

铋基体分离及纯铋中杂质成分的ICP-MS测定

研究了用阴离子交换树脂分离纯铋中铜、锌、铅、铁、银的条件 ,所得优化分离条件为 :717型阴离子交换树脂柱 ,样品溶液为 2mol/LHCl溶液 ;三段淋洗液依次为 2mol/LHCl溶液、0 2mol/LHBr+0 2 5mol/LHNO3的混合酸溶液及 3mol/LHNO3溶液。经ICP -MS测定证明 ,95 %以上的铋得到分离 ,95 %以上的铜、锌、铅、铁、银可以分离测定 ,有效地降低了ICP -MS测定纯铋中铜、锌、铅、铁、银时铋基体的干扰     

Enantioselective extraction of clorprenaline enantiomers with hydrophilic selector of sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin by experimentand modeling简

Enantioselective extraction of hydrophobic clorprenaline （CPE） enantiomers from organic phase to aqueous phases with sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin （SBE-β-CD） as the selector was investigated with insight into a number of important process variables, such as the type of organic solvent, concentration of selector, pH, and temperature. Equilibrium of the extraction system was modeled using a reactive extraction modcl with a homogeneous aqueous phase reaction. The important parameters of this model were determined experimentally. The physical distribution coefficients for molecular and ionic CPE were determined as 0.3 and 8.93, respectively. The equilibrium constants of the complexation reaction with SBE-β-CD were determined as 152 and 110 L/mol for R- and S-CPE, respectively. Results show that the experimental data agree with the model predictions perfectly. Comprehensively considering the experiment and model, the extraction conditions are optimized and the best extraction conditions are： pH of 6.0, SBE-β-CD concentration of 0.04 tool/L, and temperature of 5 ℃, providing the enantioselectivity （a） of 1.25, the fraction of R-CPE （φR） in aqueous phase of 0.71 and performance factor （pf） of 0.025.     

高钴硫酸锌溶液中钴的分离研究

主要研究了湿法炼锌过程中高钴硫酸锌溶液中的β－萘酚化学沉淀法净化分离,以亚硝酸钠为氧化剂,反应体系中生成的α－亚硝基－β－萘酚为沉钴剂,系统地讨论了钴的分离条件。研究结果表明,β－萘酚除钴法用于高钴硫酸锌溶液中钴的分离,具有除钴效率高,选择性好,工艺条件易于控制等优点。     

极谱法快速测定湿法炼锌新液中的微量钴

在 pH5 6HAc NaAc介质中 ,Co(Ⅱ ) DMG NH4 Cl 柠檬酸钠 -乳化剂体系产生灵敏的络合物吸附波 ,其峰电位为 - 0 93V(vsSCE) ,线性范围为 0 0 0 16～ 0 1μg/mL ,检出限为 4× 10 -10 mol/L。此方法直接用于湿法炼锌新液中微量钴的快速测定 ( 5min) ,所得结果令人满意 ,目前已在生产实际中得以应用