Succinic Acid Production in Fed‐Batch Fermentation of Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens Using Glycerol as Carbon Source

Considering glycerol as an inexpensive alternative carbon source, the optimal glycerol concentration for succinic acid production with Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens was identified in shake‐flask trials. The addition of a defined amount of glucose improved the growth and succinic acid productivity significantly. In fed‐batch processes with glycerol as sole substrate, a maximum succinic acid concentration and product substrate yield were obtained. The addition of glucose led to a 2.5‐fold increased succinic acid concentration whereas the product substrate yield remained nearly constant.     

Home location inference from sparse and noisy data: models and applications

Accurate home location is increasingly important for urban computing. Existing methods either rely on continuous (and expensive) Global Positioning System (GPS) data or suffer from poor accuracy. In particular, the sparse and noisy nature of social media data poses serious challenges in pinpointing where people live at scale. We revisit this research topic and infer home location within 100 m×100 m squares at 70% accuracy for 76% and 71% of active users in New York City and the Bay Area, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time home location has been detected at such a fine granularity using sparse and noisy data. Since people spend a large portion of their time at home, our model enables novel applications. As an example, we focus on modeling people’s health at scale by linking their home locations with publicly available statistics, such as education disparity. Results in multiple geographic regions demonstrate both the effectiveness and added value of our home localization method and reveal insights that eluded earlier studies. In addition, we are able to discover the real buzz in the communities where people live.     

Premixed hydrogen-air combustion system for fuel cell systems

The advance of efficient hydrogen-air combustion systems has increasingly become of interest in the framework of the development of fuel cell systems, especially for the automotive sector. Therefore, compact modulating systems are required, with the additional demand of low emissions, to be integrated in a fuel cell system. A modulating combustion system based on combustion within inert porous media and an integrated heat exchanger has been developed and investigated. The system is able to handle premixed combustion of lean H₂/air mixtures at a surface load range of 1075 kW/m²-2150 kW/m², and a global equivalence ratio of ?=0.5. The special hydrogen-air mixing concept eliminates the risk of flame flashback and enables operation with very low NO_x emissions.     

RANDOM EXPERIMENTS ON ENAMEL ADHERENCE*

The results of various experiments dealing with the behavior of ground-coat enamels are given. Hydrogen causes metallic nickel or iron to separate from regular molten ground coats, while the gases evolved from sheet iron cause metallic copper to form from molten copper-bearing glasses and metallic iron to form from regular molten ground coats. Ground coats have only a slight volatilization loss at 1600°F. Because CuO decomposes when heated in absence of oxygen or with iron or FeO, the various experiments performed suggest that glass solutions of CuO are oxidizing and are reduced by such reducing agents as H₂, CO, FeO, CoO, NiO, MnO, and Fe.     

A 64 kbit/s Videophone codec with forward analysis and control

A new combination of coding methods for a 64 kbit/s transmission system for typical videophone situations is investigated. The codec structure is based on a standard hybrid discrete cosine transform (DCT) codec with temporal prediction. The picture is divided blockwise into changed and unchanged areas. One motion vector with subpel accuracy is computed and transmitted for each block of the changed area. For the forward analysis, the prediction error is calculated in the whole picture. Only the blocks with the highest prediction errors are updated by a DCT with a perception adaptive quantization. The number of DCT update blocks depends on the remaining bits after the transmission of the overhead information. The codec is controlled by a forward analysis of the prediction error and is not based on a buffer control. The spatial resolution of the source signal is reduced in two steps to prevent a codec overload caused by too much activity between two frames.     

Die Spannungen in dreieckförmig und in viereckförmig gelochten Scheiben bei allseitigem Zug

Zusammenfassung Die L?sung des Problems, die Spannungen in dreickf?rmig und in viereckf?rmig gelochten Scheiben bei allseitigem Zug zu bestimmen, ist an sich bekannt und kann z. B. nach dem Verfahren von J. N. Muskhelishvili erhalten werden. Hier wird die L?sung unter Anwendung eines kürzlich von L. F?ppl hergeleiteten Verfahrens aufgestellt.     

Fiber Bragg Gratings in Small-Core Ge-Doped Photonic Crystal Fibers

This paper reports fiber Bragg gratings （FBGs） inscribed in a small-core Ge-doped photonic crystal fibers with a UV laser and a Talbot interferometer. The responses of such FBGs to temper- ature, strain, bending, and transverse-loading were systematically investigated. The Bragg wavelength of the FBGs shifts toward longer wavelengths with increasing temperature, tensile strain, and transverse-loading. The bending and transverse- loading properties of the FBGs are sensitive to the fiber orientations.     

Synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of a bis-cyclometalated phosphorescent red-emitting iridium(III) complex

The synthesis of the bis-cyclometalated complex [{Ir(μ-Cl)(ccpz)₂}₂] (1, cppz = 1-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-phthalazine) from hydrated iridium(III) chloride and the ligand ccpz in refluxing ethoxyethanol is described. Compound 1 was characterized by spectroscopic means and the crystal structure was determined by X-ray crystallography. The absorption and emission spectra exhibit the new compound as a red-emitting phosphorescent complex.