Seismic design requirements for reinforced concrete piers considering aftershock-induced seismic hazard

The main purpose of this study is to develop an estimation procedure of seismic design level setting for reinforced concrete (RC) piers considering aftershock-induced seismic hazards. This work develops an assessment method of the seismic hazards induced by aftershocks and takes an example of the Chi–Chi Earthquake in Taiwan. The number of aftershocks is assumed to follow the modified Gutenberg–Richter law with lower and upper bounds when analysing the cumulative density function of the magnitude of the aftershock within a specified post-mainshock period for the earthquake. Additionally, this work considers the spatial uncertainty in the hypocentres of aftershocks to assess the aftershock-induced seismic hazards. Fragility curves and residual factors of damaged RC piers are used in the transition probability matrix of Markov Chain model for considering the cumulative damage induced by aftershocks by incorporating uncertainty into aftershock events, as well as into structural capacity and residual factors corresponding to a specified damage state, the exceedance probabilities for various damage states can be estimated using Markov Chain model and Monte Carlo Simulation. Finally, in the case study, the proposed procedure is used to determine the important factor in the preliminary seismic design of typical RC piers for the Chi–Chi Earthquake in Taiwan.     

Enhanced thermoelectric performance via randomly arranged nanopores: Excellent transport properties of YbZn2Sb2 nanoporous materials

Fabricating nanoporous bulk thermoelectric (TE) materials with periodically arranged nanopores is highly challenging and expensive, although TE materials exhibit high power factors (α²σ) and low thermal conductivities (κ). Enhanced TE performance via randomly arranged nanopores is demonstrated with a YbZn₂Sb₂ nanoporous material (nPM) fabricated by a combination of melt quenching and two stage spark plasma sintering in less than 10 h. Measurement of the electrical conductivity, Hall mobility, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity show that simultaneously enhancing α²σ and reducing κ can realize in the YbZn₂Sb₂ nPM with randomly arranged nanopores about 50-200 nm in diameter. Compared with YbZn₂Sb₂ dense bulk materials (dBM) fabricated by a conventional method taking more than 180 h, α²σ at 300 K increases by 122%, κ at 300 K decreases by 29%, and the maximum ZT value at 775 K reaches 0.67, increasing by 46% for the nPM725 sample. This work shows that a periodic arrangement of nanopores is not essential for the fabrication of attractive TE materials, which offers a wider approach to nanostructure engineering to improve TE performance.     

To mine association rules of customer values via a data mining procedure with improved model: An empirical case study

This paper proposes a new procedure and an improved model to mine association rules of customer values. The market of online shopping industry in Taiwan is the research area. Research method adopts Ward’s method to partition online shopping market into three markets. Customer values are refined from an improved RFMDR model (based on RFM/RFMD model). Supervised Apriori algorithm is employed with customer values to create association rules. These effective rules are suggested to apply on a customized marketing function of a CRM system for enhancing their customer values to be higher grades.     

六自由度奈米测量机之量测系统组装及校正

介绍一个六自由度奈米级精度测量机台(行程为25mm×25mm)之量测系统的组装及系统的校正,此六自由度奈米测量机分为两部份,第一部分为利用五根压电致动器所组成的四自由度(Z、θx、θy、θz)补偿平台,用以补偿组装及加工误差.第二部份为利用V型导轨架构成之XY双轴滑轨平台,配合音圈马达之推动,使平台能达到XY轴向之定位...     

An expert system approach to assess service performance of travel intermediary

Asian travel industry, in terms of outbound travel markets, has been confronting the global accelerating competition in 21st century. Regarding to the outbound travels, the incumbent travel intermediaries (destination tour operators), the ultimate front-liners of tourism packages provisions is accordingly essential. Technically, estimation on the incumbent travel intermediaries is a series of multiple-criteria decision making (MCDM). Subsequently, this paper executes the implementation of focus group which interviewed 35 travel experts and further integrates the analytic network process approach (ANP) via the insights of host travel agency. Research results objectively enable the Asian travel agencies to evaluate the sustained travel intermediary as well as elaborating the service performance and quality.     

多光谱偏振大气探测系统定标处理

偏振探测系统定标对于大气探测有着重要意义,是基于偏振探测的大气参数高精度反演的必要基础。中科院安徽光机所研制了星载大气同步校正仪的航空样机,它是一种多光谱偏振探测设备。利用该仪器可获取多光谱偏振信息,从而反演出与遥感成像时空同步的大气参数,实现大气校正。该仪器的定标处理对于准确获取大气参数至关重要。针对大气校正仪多通道偏振探测的特点,设计了定标方案。通过光谱定标、辐射定标和偏振定标,获取探测系统的Muller矩阵,建立仪器各通道探测值DN与斯托克斯参量间的联系,从而为系统的实际应用,提供重要基础。     

川东北元坝陆相地层水平井井眼轨迹控制方法研究

川东北元坝气田是西南地区重要的天然气生产基地,随着勘探开发的深入,其三叠系上统须家河组及以上陆相地层表现出良好的开发潜力。为增大储量控制面积,提高单井产量和降低布井密度,在该地区部署了一批开发评价水平井。但该区陆相地层因地层压力系统复杂,气层多且薄,岩石可钻性差以及砂、泥岩互层频繁等客观因素的存在,使得钻井施工和井眼轨迹控制困难,严重制约了该区天然气的勘探开发步伐。结合工区地质环境特征,对陆相地层钻井施工及井眼轨迹控制存在的问题和难点进行了深入分析,并阐述了井眼轨迹控制的影响因素,从剖面优化设计、钻具组合优选、造斜段和水平段控制等方面进行井眼轨迹控制方法研究。结合工区内的YL704H井的成功钻探,验证了井眼轨迹控制方法的适用性。通过以上研究和实践,最终给出了一套适合川东北元坝陆相地层的井眼轨迹控制方法,该方法能为研究工区水平井的钻探和研究提供依据,也可以为缩短钻井周期、节约钻井成本、减少井下事故,以及最终实现该区水平井安全、高效建井提供帮助。     

盐酸埃他卡林对小鼠脑组织缺氧的保护作用

目的: 研究盐酸埃他卡林(Ipt) 对脑组织缺氧的保护作用。方法: 小鼠给予Ipt 0.5, 2.0, 8.0 mg·kg^-1 3个剂量(n =12, ig), 连续给药3 wk, 并设生理盐水组和维生素E 组作为对照, 采用断头制备脑缺氧模型。活性采用化学比色法测定脑组织过氧化脂质(MDA) 含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX) 和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD) 活性。外周红细胞膜脂流动性以DPH 为荧光探针, 采用荧光偏振法测定。结果: Ipt0.5, 2.0, 8.0 mg·kg^-1 3 个剂量组延长小鼠断头后喘息持续时间, 增加外周红细胞膜脂流动性, 降低微粘度, 且呈现量效关系。相同条件下, Ipt 对MDA 含量,GSH-PX 活性及SOD 活性的影响不明显。结论: Ipt 对脑组织缺氧有显著保护作用, 其作用可能与其改变血液流变学特性有关。     

新型抗高血压药物盐酸埃他卡林对小动脉的选择性扩张作用及其药理学机制

目的: 研究新型抗高血压药物盐酸埃他卡林(Ipt) 对小动脉的作用特性及其药理学机制。方法: 采用大鼠尾动脉螺旋状血管条和主动脉离体血管环两种组织, 对比观察盐酸埃他卡林对大、小动脉扩张作用的药理学特性, 并且利用膜片钳技术观察盐酸埃他卡林对大鼠尾动脉平滑肌细胞钾电流的影响。结果: Ipt 在10^-7 ~ 10^-3 mol·L^-1 范围内对KCl 预致收缩的大鼠尾动脉血管条产生剂量依赖性舒张反应, 且具有部分内皮依赖性, 但对主动脉离体血管环无明显的舒张反应, 该作用在高血压状态时显著增强, 能被ATP 敏感性钾通道特异性阻断剂格列苯脲阻断, 并且对大鼠尾动脉平滑肌细胞的钾电流具有显著增强作用。结论: 盐酸埃他卡林具有选择性舒张小动脉作用, 具有ATP 敏感性钾通道开放剂的主要药理学特征。