PTFE颗粒对齿轮钢锰系复合磷化膜性能的影响

以齿轮钢作基体制备锰系复合磷化膜,研究磷化液中PTFE颗粒质量浓度对磷化膜的微观形貌、耐蚀性、耐磨性及PTFE颗粒质量分数的影响.结果表明:PTFE颗粒起物理填充作用,对磷化膜的晶粒形态、尺寸及结合状态无影响.随PTFE颗粒质量浓度从0.015 kg/L增至0.09 kg/L,锰系复合磷化膜中PTFE颗粒质量分数先升后降,耐蚀性和耐磨性均明显提高而后下降.当PTFE颗粒的质量浓度为0.06 kg/L时,复合磷化膜中PTFE颗粒质量分数最高,达9.24％,大量PT?FE颗粒弥散分布在晶粒表面和晶粒间隙,可有效阻挡腐蚀介质侵蚀,在摩擦界面形成一层固体润滑膜,起较好减摩作用.该锰系复合磷化膜更适合作表面改性层,大幅度提高齿轮钢制件表面的耐蚀性和耐磨性.     

Synthesis of Cellulose-Based Macromolecular Coupling Agent and its Utilization in Poly (butylene succinate)/Wood Flour Composites

A long fatty side chain was introduced into the macromolecule of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) via esterification reaction. The hydrophobicity of hydroxyethyl cellulose lauric acid ester (HECLAE) was enhanced in comparison with HEC. The obtained HECLAE was used as macromolecular coupling agent in poly (butylene succinate)/wood flour composites and exhibited a positive influence on improving the mechanical performance of composites. Besides, HECLAE plays a role as a hydrophobic agent in composites. A significant increase in storage modulus (E’) was observed upon the incorporation of treated wood flour. SEM images showed that the dispersion of treated wood flour in PBS matrix was improved.     

苯基脲衍生物的合成及其作为PVC热稳定剂的应用研究

合成了一种苯基脲衍生物(NA),并利用烘箱热老化法研究其对聚氯乙烯(PVC)热稳定性能的影响。研究结果显示,NA单独使用时,具有良好的抑制PVC初期着色的能力,效果比试验用的钙锌稳定剂和碱式乙酸铅更好。将NA与钙锌稳定剂复配使用时,PVC的长期稳定性能大大提高,且初期稳定效果也有少许提高。当钙锌稳定剂和NA的比率为0.8/1.2时,该复合稳定剂稳定效果最好。     

基于Druck-Prager和MISO模型的混凝土 三轴压缩行为有限元模拟

本文采用有限元分析软件ANSYS模拟了不同围压(0,25.5,51.2 MPa)条件下素混凝土圆柱试样压缩响应特征。首先,综合对比分析了Druck-Prager模型及多线性强化(MISO)模型的模拟效果。此外,进一步基于MISO模型分析了混凝土试件端部约束条件对模拟结果的影响。最终得到的主要结论包括:(1)单轴压缩条件下,有限元模拟结果与试验结果一致性较好,且Druck-Prager模型更适宜模拟混凝土体应变特征;(2)施加围压时,MISO模型所得抗压强度较保守,而Druck-Prager模型高估了混凝土抗压强度;(3)就MISO模型而言,端部摩擦约束对混凝土应力—应变曲线无显著影响,但会加剧混凝土体积膨胀(剪胀)。     

Influence of modified fiber–MHSH hybrids on fire hazards,combustion dynamics,and mechanical properties of flame-retarded poly(butylene succinate) composites

Environmental problems caused by polymers and polymers have historically dominated both academic and industrial attention. Sustainable biodegradable wood-plastic composites (WPCs) as an optimum can solve the environmentally critical problems caused by petroleum-based polymers. However, they are flammable, prone to fire accidents, and often have a contradiction between mechanical performance and flame-retardant properties, which limits their range of applications. Here, we reported a flame-retarded poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) WPC prepared with modified natural fiber-magnesium hydroxide sulfate whisker (MHSH) hybrids and intumescent flame retardant s (IFRs). The mechanical performance, flame-retardant properties , thermal stability, and actual fire simulation parameters of composites were investigated. Owing to the unique composition characteristics of modified cassava dregs-MHSH hybrids, the mechanical properties (70P/23I/5C/2M, flexural strength was 39.2 ± 1.960/MPa, impact strength was 7.95 ± 0.3975/ [KJ/m²]), flame retardant properties (70P/23I/5C/2M, the limiting oxygen index value was 39.6%, UL-94 was V0) and thermal stability of WPC have been improved. Thereby, the balance between mechanical performance and flame retardant properties of biocomposites has been achieved in the practical engineering requirements. Furthermore, cone calorimeter data indicated that modified cassava dregs–MHSH hybrids played a role in improving the fire safety of composites. The total heat release, total smoke produce, toxic gas release, and total oxygen consumed of 70P/23I/5C/2M were lowered compared with those of 70P/25I/5C. Dynamics analysis indicated that the addition of modified cassava dregs–MHSH hybrids increased the activation energy of composites. Based on the experimental and analyses data, especially the morphological characterization of char residue analysis, it illustrated that modified cassava dregs–MHSH hybrids have a reinforcement and flame-retardant effect. The combusted residue of the incorporated modified cassava dregs–MHSH hybrids could support the three-dimensional charred layer formed by the combustion products of the IFR and the PBS. Thus, the more stable three-dimensional charred layer could not only effectively reduce thermal conductivity of composites but also hinder the propagation of heat into the interior substrate, thereby improving the flame-retardant properties of the WPC. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48490.     

直线运动滚动导轨副混合润滑研究

综合考虑了直线运动导轨副接触几何、预紧力、真实表面粗糙度、曲率系数等因素,建立了直线运动导轨副混合润滑数值模型,研究了滑块移动速度、曲率半径系数、工作载荷、表面粗糙度对导轨接触副润滑特性的影响,得到结论:导轨副法向工作载荷、最大赫兹接触压力和赫兹接触半径随着外加总载荷的增大而增大,平均膜厚随着载荷的增大而减小;混合润滑模型可预测导轨副在大范围工况条件下完整的润滑状态;直线运动导轨大多工作在混合润滑状态下,随着滑块移动速度的增加,接触界面由边界润滑状态向混合润滑状态转变,润滑性能逐渐提高;适当增加曲率半径系数,有利于润滑油膜的形成与稳定。     

Y2O3-MgO纳米复相红外透明陶瓷制备及其性能研究

以商用Y2O3、MgO纳米粉体为原料,通过球磨混合方法制备了不同Y2O3/MgO配比的Y2O3-MgO纳米复合粉体,使用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、能量色散谱等表征手段对制备粉体的晶体结构、形貌、成分以及均匀性进行了表征。然后采用热压烧结方法制备Y2O3-MgO复相红外透明陶瓷,使用红外光谱仪、维氏硬度计等测试设备对复相透明陶瓷的光学和力学性能进行了分析。重点研究了粉体配比、热压温度、保温和保压时间等关键制备参数对Y2O3-MgO复相红外透明陶瓷晶粒尺度、致密化程度、光学及力学性能的影响。并通过调控粉体制备工艺和热压烧结工艺,制备出了红外透过率达到~80%的Y2O3-MgO复相红外透明陶瓷。同时在Y2O3:Mg0=1:1时,该复相陶瓷的硬度达到了12.3 GPa。     

槽式太阳能集热管内相变微胶囊悬浮液的热力性能分析

针对传统使用水基和油基的太阳能集热器换热效果低和管壁热应力大的问题，以相变微胶囊悬浮液为工作流体，对抛物型槽式太阳能集热器进行了三维建模。采用蒙特卡罗射线追踪法结合有限容积法和有限元法的方法求解了太阳能集热管的光?热?力耦合问题，采用欧拉?欧拉多相流模型研究了相变微胶囊悬浮液在集热管内的流动换热特性。结果表明，相变微胶囊悬浮液强化了集热管内的对流换热，不仅降低了集热管的沿程壁温，且减少了集热管的周向温差，均化了集热管温度分布。集热管周向等效热应力呈花瓣型分布，对应的5个高温度梯度的位置附近(圆周角θ=5°, 90°, 175°, 225°和315°)出现等效应力局部峰值。吸热管内壁面θ=90°处轴向热应力为压应力，作用于整个管程，而径向热应力和切向热应力为拉应力，主要作用在进出口端。相变微胶囊悬浮液浓度越高，强化换热效果越好，集热管热应力越小，但产生的压降也随之增大。