In-situ formation of BN layers by nitriding boron powders in BN/Si3N4-based composite ceramics

Boron nitride/silicon nitride (BN/Si₃N₄) composite ceramics were fabricated via the in-situ nitridation of boron (B) and silicon (Si) powders in forming gas (95%N₂/5%H₂) at 1390?°C. The effect of the B content on the phase composition, microstructure, density/porosity, machinability as well as mechanical properties of nitridized BN/Si₃N₄ composite ceramics was investigated. The addition of B slightly increased the nitridation degree of the Si and B powders mixture, and improved the ratio of the β-Si₃N₄ phase significantly at low B contents. B powders may have acted as a nucleating agent to promote the formation of β-Si₃N₄ crystals. A core-shell Si₃N₄/BN structure was revealed by the TEM technique, and the number of BN layers increased with the increase of the B content. The in-situ BN formed by the nitridation of B played a similar role with the BN directly added in enhancing the machinability of the BN/Si₃N₄ composite ceramics. The method of the in-situ nitridation of B is also effective to prepare SiC fiber-reforced BN/Si₃N₄ ceramic matrix composites.     

基于结构曳力的吸收塔内部气液流动模拟

湿法脱硫系统中的吸收塔为多尺度结构构成的复杂系统，其中介观结构对液滴和烟气在塔内流动有重要影响。而液滴和烟气的流动状况直接关系着脱硫系统的脱硫效率及运行阻力。本文基于吸收塔内部结构，建立基于介观结构的曳力模型，并将该模型耦合到多相流模型中，结合商业软件Fluent对吸收塔内部烟气和液滴流动状况进行模拟预测。在模拟结果中，通过对吸收塔二维、三维的压降、速度和液滴分布的模拟计算结果分析和对比，表明模拟结果准确预测了烟气和液滴在吸收塔内流动结构，充分说明了基于介观结构的曳力模型可以很好反映液滴和烟气之间的作用力。     

磨粒尺寸和基体硬度对固结磨料抛光YAG晶体的影响

钇铝石榴石(YAG)是一种应用广泛的硬脆难加工材料，其抛光过程工艺复杂、效率低。固结磨料抛光技术具有平坦化能力优、对工件形貌选择性高、磨料利用率高等优点。试验采用固结磨料抛光YAG晶体，研究固结磨料垫的基体硬度和金刚石磨粒尺寸对YAG晶体的材料去除率和表面质量的影响。结果表明:当基体硬度适中为Ⅱ、金刚石磨粒尺寸3～5 μm时，固结磨料抛光YAG晶体效果最优，其材料去除率为255 nm/min，表面粗糙度S_a值为1.79 nm。      

生产建设项目水土保持天地一体化监管作业网络平台研究

针对生产建设项目水土保持动态监管过程中面临的监管对象数量多、范围广、任务重,项目管理内容复杂、时效性较差等一系列技术难题,研究设计并实现了基于3S技术和互联网+技术的生产建设项目水土保持"天地一体化"监管网络作业平台,该平台能够有效管理生产建设项目水土保持监管过程中遥感监测和地面调查等各类信息,能够实现监管工作各项业务流程的云端操作,同时采用2级数据管理审核机制保障监管信息安全.     

Fouling Resistance on Chemically Etched Hydrophobic Surfaces in Nucleate Pool Boiling

Chemical etching, liquid phase deposition, and dipping techniques were utilized to fabricate highly hydrophobic micro‐ and nanoscale coating surfaces on stainless‐steel substrates. Heat transfer and fouling characteristics on these surfaces in pool boiling of deionized water and CaSO₄ solution were studied. High roughness and hydrophobicity of coated surfaces were obtained on chemically etched substrates. Compared to the polished stainless‐steel surface, the chemically etched coating surface provided a three times enhanced nucleate boiling coefficient at high heat flux. Obvious decrease of CaSO₄ fouling resistance was obtained on chemically etched surfaces due to the higher roughness and hydrophobicity before the fouling resistance reaches the asymptotic value. Slightly high asymptotic fouling resistance was observed compared with coating surfaces without chemical etching of substrates.     

电流密度对金刚石表面镍层形貌及加工特性的影响

金刚石颗粒的表面形貌影响着固结磨料研磨垫(FAP)基体对其的把持能力。设计了一种实验室用金刚石滚镀装置,采用电镀方式,探索了电流密度对金刚石表面镍层形貌的影响;采用镀镍金刚石制备了FAP;比较了不同金刚石制备的FAP加工过程中的摩擦系数、声发射信号和工件的表面粗糙度;采用马拉松式实验,研究了FAP的材料去除速率。结果表明:改装后的滚镀装置可以获得镀层均匀的电镀金刚石颗粒。电镀金刚石表面的粗糙程度随着电流密度的增大而提高。加工中的摩擦系数、声发射信号和工件的表面粗糙度均呈现出随电流密度提高而增大的规律,但均低于化学镀镍金刚石。马拉松式试验中,含化学镀镍金刚石的FAP材料去除速率优于含电镀镍金刚石的FAP。     

193聚氨酯彩色防水保温系统在住宅围护结构中的应用

介绍193聚氨酯彩色防水保温系统的组成结构与传统防水保温组合性价比较,以及在屋面防水保温外墙外保温工程的应用分析.     

LPG瓶组供气能力的计算

在ＬＰＧ瓶组非稳态分析的基础上，按定用气量条件得到气瓶温降微分方程的解析解，作出气瓶供气能力设计实用图线。对变用气量情况，制定了用气量函数，代入气瓶液温变化微分方程，求数值解，制订出气瓶供气能力设计实用图线。     

中心区高密度协调单元的构建--一种整体适应的城市设计策略

通过对协调单元概念的回顾,探讨现代城市中心协调单元的新内涵.并分析其对中心区城市设计理论研究和实践操作的意义,强调运用整体适应的城市设计策略构建中心区高密度协调单元.