甲醇转化制丙烯反应机理研究

以杂化轨道理论和关于含Si、Al元素催化剂酸中心的认识为理论依据和研究方法，从反应物与催化剂B酸中心相互作用为切入点，分析相互作用过程中甲醇与B酸中心分子结构变化，揭示甲醇制烯烃反应机理本质。研究结果表明甲醇转化制丙烯反应过程可分为3步：(1)B酸中心释放H+攻击甲醇分子中C-O键，C-O键断裂生成甲基碳正离子(CH+3)和H2O，CH+3中C原子外层有个空轨道，释放了H+后的B酸中心失去活性。(2)失活B酸中心从CH+3中获得H+，反应生成了一种新中间体H-form，H-form中C原子外层有1对孤对电子(e-)和1个空轨道，结构式为C↑↓〇H2；失活的B酸中心获得H+后恢复活性。第3步，有3个H-form结构的C原子，第1个C原子上的孤对e－占据第2个C原子上空轨道，第2个C原子上的孤对e－占据第1个C原子上空轨道，彼此共用2对e-，形成C=C键；第3个C原子上的空轨道与第1个C原子上C、H原子重叠轨道再次重叠，形成C、H和C三原子共用1对e－结构，结果是第1个C原子与第2个C原子形成C=C键，第1个C原子与第3个C原子形成C-C键，3个C原子形成C=C-C结构，即生成丙烯。     

工业化含锌粉尘处理技术现状及分析

结合钢铁企业实际分析了锌的来源及危害,并对国内外现有工业化含锌粉尘处理技术进行了阐述,包括选矿法、湿法以及火法技术,重点介绍了Waelz回转窑、转底炉、Oxycup竖炉、DK小高炉等几种工艺的特点和发展现状,通过不同处理技术的对比和分析,对企业采用适宜的处置方式提出了建议。     

Dry Cleaning of Fine Coal Based on Gas‐Solid Two‐Phase Flow: A Review

Dry cleaning of coal becomes increasingly significant to improve energy efficiency and reduce air pollutant emissions. Fine coal dry cleaning processes are mostly based on gas‐solid two‐phase flow and mainly classified into the following three categories. Modified air‐dense medium‐fluidized bed cleaning has high cleaning accuracy, but confronts the problems of product purification and medium recovery. Density‐segregation gas‐fluidized bed cleaning does not use artificial medium solids and is characterized by a simple process and stable performance. However, its cleaning accuracy is relatively low. Air table cleaning also uses no artificial medium and separates fine coal depending on the differences in density and coefficient of friction. Its cleaning accuracy is approximate to that of density‐segregation gas‐fluidized bed cleaning but has more influential factors.     

大功率垂直腔底发射半导体激光器的光束质量

从M2因子、远场发散角、近场及远场光强分布等方面对大功率底发射半导体激光器光束质量进行研究,分析了不同器件参数对光束质量的影响,为寻找有效改善光束质量的方法提供了依据。设计了一种具有新型排列方式的垂直腔面发射半导体激光(VCSEL)阵列。通过调制阵列中各单元直径以及单元间距,在4 A的工作电流下得到1 kW/cm2的高功率密度和高斯远场分布。与具有相同出光面积的单管器件和4×4二维阵列比较,新型阵列的光谱特性及光束质量均具有优越性。     

Preparation,swelling properties,and displacement performance of functional amphiphilic microspheres

Because polymers containing benzyl chloromethyl groups are easily modified for functional production, the dispersion polymerization of acrylamide, 4‐vinylbenzyl chloride, and N,N‐methylene bisacrylamide in dimethylformamide initiated with α,α‐azobisisobutyronitrile was carried out to produce amphiphilic microspheres containing benzyl chloromethyl groups. The structure of the amphiphilic microspheres was determined by IR and ¹H‐NMR spectroscopy. The polymerization conditions, the temperature, amount of crosslinking agent, and initiator included, were optimized. The size distribution of the microspheres after swelling equilibrium ranged from 4 to 62 μm. The swelling behavior of the microspheres was also investigated. The increase in temperature and the decrease in salinity caused a gradual increase in the swelling ratio. The prepared microspheres were transported uniformly in porous media when the permeability was 0.436 μm². The oil displacement experiments indicated that amphiphilic microspheres had the ability to enhance oil recovery under homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions but was more suitable for heterogeneous formation. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41578.     

聚萘二甲酸乙二酯的生产和应用

综述了聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(PEN)及其原料2,6-二甲基萘(2,6-DMN)的生产工艺,对比分析了2,6-DMN的各种分离和提纯技术,并介绍了PEN的主要用途及发展前景。生产PEN的2,6-DMN的纯度必须达到98.0%,2,6-DMN的合成、分离与提纯是制约PEN生产的瓶颈。采用络合结晶法及乳化结晶法分离和提纯2,6-DMN的工艺较简单,产品收率及纯度均较高,工业化可能性较大。随着环保要求的提高,可再生或可重复使用的PEN制品必将受到重视。因此,国内应加大这方面的科研力度,以实现PEN在国内的工业化生产。