铸造3D喷墨打印砂型尺寸精度测量评定方法研究

随着铸造行业的转型发展,3D打印技术已经成熟的应用于制造铸造砂型,所制作的砂型不再单单作为铸造过程中的半成品,而是可以作为产品面向各铸造厂进行销售。但是目前对于砂型的检验标准存在缺失,对于砂型质量的把控和评定缺少依据。针对铸造砂型的尺寸精度,通过设计制作测量试块,给出了一种3D喷墨打印砂型的测量方法及评定标准,填补了目前铸造行业中这一领域在标准上的空白,对推动3D打印技术在铸造行业的应用以及砂型的产品化有着重要的意义。     

基于优化神经网络的高拱坝力学参数反演

高拱坝力学性能参数变化规律复杂,使用人工智能算法进行预测已经成为反演参数的重要手段。使用遗传算法对神经网络进行优化来检验优化后算法的性能,并比较不同算法应用于参数反演中预测结果的精度。根据某高拱坝运行期变形监测数据,分别使用RBF神经网络和遗传算法优化的BP(GA-BP)神经网络对不同水位工况下的坝段分区混凝土弹性模量进行反演。基于反演结果进行有限元正分析计算,将所得结果与实测数据进行对比,检验反演精度和效率。结果表明:GA-BP网络的最大预测误差为1.8%,相比于RBF网络预测精度提高了约50%。使用神经网络进行拱坝力学参数反演实用性好,优化后的神经网络比传统BP神经网络在计算精度和效率两方面均有明显改进,且GA-BP神经网络反演比RBF神经网络反演精度更高。     

Cloud-Based Multidimensional Parallel Dynamic Programming Algorithm for a Cascade Hydropower System

The joint optimal operation of cascade reservoir system can greatly improve the utilization of water resources. However, the complex high-dimensional and non-linear features and calculated costs often hinder the refined operation and management of reservoirs. Recently, the local parallel computing has become an effective way to alleviate the "curse of dimensionality". Current local parallel computing has hardware limitations, which is difficult to adapt to large-scale computing. This study proposes a novel parallel dynamic programming algorithm based on Spark (PDPoS) via cloud computing. The simulation experiments are carried out for a comparative analysis of the solution efficiency, influence factors and stability of cloud computing. The results are as follows: (1) The efficiency of the cloud-based PDPoS is related to some factors; the number of CPU cores is the main influencing factor, followed by the operator, and the architecture has the least influence. (2) The runtime variance of cloud computing is 2.03, indicating cloud computing has high stability. (3) Under the same configuration (i.e., CPU and memory), the runtime of cloud computing is 41.5%?~?110.3% longer than that of physical machines. However, cloud computing has rich resources, good scalability, and good portability of online operations, which is an attractive alternative for optimal operation of large-scale reservoir system.

     

建筑雪工程学研究方法综述

建筑雪工程学系指综合物理学、地球环境学、灾害学等交叉学科,从专业角度对建筑（群）及其周围环境冬季受降雪影响进行预测及研究,以抵御由雪灾诱发建筑物倒塌事故的一门学科。从该学科中主要的三种研究方法,即实地观测、试验研究以及数值模拟为切入点对三者的发展进行梳理与深入剖析。对于实地观测,总结了国外规范中考虑风致雪漂移和热力融雪等影响因素的研究历程与相应理论模型的建立,并指出今后我国实测工作应以对足尺建筑屋面积雪特性及其演变机理为重心;通过对近年来试验研究工作的概括总结,梳理了现今试验研究的四种手段,并明确了对应试验手段相似准则的建立与参数的选取,同时指出今后在我国建立专业风雪试验的必要性;通过对CFD数值模拟方法研究进展的回顾,总结了目前数值模拟已取得的成果与存在的不足,为考虑因素全面的新数值模拟方法的发展指明方向。     

体育场悬挑屋盖结构风压特性研究

结合一大跨度悬挑屋盖结构的刚性模型风洞试验,研究不同屋盖倾角、不同风向及看台后部是否开敞等因素对屋面平均风压分布特性的影响。在总结上述分析结果的基础上,将屋盖风压近似简化为二维形式,对屋盖跨向风荷载进行分段描述,供抗风设计参考。     

砂浆锚杆锚固段锈蚀胀裂过程的数值模拟及分析

为研究砂浆锚杆锚固段的锈蚀胀裂过程，将杆体表面锈蚀产物的体积膨胀作用转化为虚拟径向位移直接作用在杆体孔洞周围，提出杆体发生均匀锈蚀和不均匀锈蚀时，根据锈蚀量确定虚拟锈胀位移的方法。用有限元软件ANSYS8．0中基于弥散固定裂缝模型的具有开裂功能的Solid65单元对砂浆锚杆锚固段保护层的锈蚀胀裂过程进行数值模拟。应用算例说明，在锈蚀量相等的情况下，杆体发生均匀锈蚀和不均匀锈蚀时，砂浆保护层的开裂程度是明显不同的，锈蚀对砂浆保护层的破坏程度是不一样的，由此提出在进行锈胀预测时均匀锈蚀假定应慎用的观点。     

地下工程围岩稳定性的模糊综合评判法

围岩稳定性受多种不确定性因素的影响，不仅具有随机性，也具有模糊性。选择影响围岩稳定性的一些主要因素，采用模糊数学综合评判方法，对围岩稳定用模糊语言进行不同程度的评价，得出了合理的结果。     

基于现场总线技术的水泥旋窑DCS控制系统在我厂的应用

根据淄矿东华水泥公司5000t/d熟料生产线的工艺特点和控制要求,对整个生产控制系统进行了细致的功能分层及子系统的划分;在此基础之上,充分发挥了现场总线技术及DCS技术两者优势,以系统集成为手段,给出一套基于PROFIBUS现场总线协议的旋窑熟料生产线的集散控制系统(DCS),实现了对熟料生产的集中管理和分散控制。通过近一段时间的实际应用表明,本系统在降低成本、减少维护以及简化管理的同时,极大提高了熟料生产的连续性、稳定性和实时性,在经济及社会效益方面均取得了良好效果。     

Assessment of hydraulic performance and fouling control caused by pulse flow in hollow fiber membrane module

To shed light on the effect of pulse flow on shear force and membrane fouling, the pulse frequency and flow velocity based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing technology were studied. The results show that there is a threshold for this synergy between the pulse frequency and flow velocity, which forms more easily at a high pulse frequency and low flow velocity. Moreover, the transition from pulse flow to continuous flow affects the shear force distribution with the membrane module height. Besides, at the same volumetric flow, Re gradually reaches a plateau as the pulse frequency increases from 1 to 5 Hz, and the membrane fouling control has a better flux recovery, which can reach a maximum of 28.89%. Finally, the results also show that the combined effect of high pulse frequency and low flow velocity would be higher than that of low pulse frequency and high flow velocity.