Effective lightning protection schemes for distribution line

The causes of lightning outage are subdivided into direct lightning strokes and induced lightning strokes, which are identified by the characteristics of the lightning overvoltage. In the past, lightning protection devices were directed mainly toward the latter, and attention has been focused on the installation of lightning protection devices, ground wires, and reinforcement of insulators. However, lightning outages continue to occur. Thus it is extremely important to clarify the fault characteristics of lightning surges and to study the effectiveness of various lightning protection devices by considering both direct lightning stroke and induced lightning stroke in order to prevent lightning outage in the future. In this research, the electromagnetic transients program (EMTP) has been applied to the direct lightning stroke, and the induced lightning outage analysis program for multiple conductor systems has been applied to the induced lightning stroke to study the effectiveness of lightning protection devices provided by combination of various lightning protection devices. The most effective lightning protection schemes are analyzed and evaluated based on verification tests on the full scale models as well as economic considerations.     

Estimating room temperatures from fires along walls and in corners

Determination of temperatures associated with room fires provides a means of assessing an important aspect of fire hazard: the likelihood of the occurrence of flashover. Layer temperatures in excess of 600°C have been associated with the occurrence of flashover. A data correlation has previously been presented to estimate layer temperatures for fires burning in the center of rooms. For fires in corners and along walls, restricted entrainment results in higher layer temperatures than predicted by the previous correlation. Modification factors for the previous correlation are developed to extend its applicability to wall and corner burning geometries. The present analysis suggests that a fire in a corner may cause flashover with only half the heat release rate necessary for a fire burning in the center of a room. Reference: Frederick Mowrer and Robert Williamson, Estimating Room Temperatures from Fires along Walls and in Corners,Fire Technology, Vol. 23, May 1987, pp. 133–145.     

阻燃导热型硅橡胶绝缘涂料在高压开关柜中的应用

文章结合六安供电公司某配电房10kV高压开关柜绝缘故障治理工作,简要说明造成高压开关柜绝缘故障产生的原因,并介绍新型绝缘涂料相比传统热缩式绝缘护套所具有的优点。通过新型绝缘涂料在现场使用效果说明采用新型绝缘涂料在处理高压开关柜绝缘故障方面的有效性。     

典型工业粉尘地区复合绝缘子污秽成分及其闪络特性

近年来,盐城德隆镍业厂区附近数次发生输电线路外绝缘放电、污闪现象,且采用复合绝缘子后仍不能得到有效抑制,而临近的化工区却没无该情况发生。因此,本文对盐城电网辖区内镍厂、化工厂绝缘子进行污秽取样,开展了污秽化学成分分析测试,包括阴阳离子含量、不溶物元素组成、主要化合物成分等;继而基于成分分析结果,开展了混合污秽下的污闪特性试验,得到了不同污染源典型污秽成分下复合绝缘子的闪络特性。研究结果表明：化工厂和镍厂附近绝缘子污秽成分有一定的差异,体现在镍厂污秽成分含硝酸盐较多,而化工厂附近含氯盐较多;对于一大两小型复合绝缘子,其在镍厂典型污秽下的闪络梯度要比化工厂低5%-10%;对于重工业粉尘地区的外绝缘配置,建议采用一大一小型绝缘子来提高电气强度。     

110kV变压器分级绝缘中性点密封间隙

研制了一种密封间隙,可解决户外110kV变压器中性点保护装置存在放电分散性大、易受大气条件影响等固有缺陷.根据间隙技术要求,进行了触头试验,并选取少油断路器触头作为间隙电极,试验得到88mm的合理间隙值.放电试验结果表明:密封间隙的参数符合间隙技术条件,能与避雷器参数满足配合原则.该装置能够进行远方电动操作和就地电动或手动操作,现场试运行效果良好.     

真空绝缘子结构优化设计的理论和方法

根据二次电子发射崩(SEEA)理论,综述了真空绝缘子的绝缘介质材料、几何形状和电极结构对绝缘子沿面闪络的影响和机理过程,以及从这三方面优化设计真空绝缘子以提高其沿面闪络电压的方法。     

南阳油田供电线路绝缘配合优化方案

多年来的运行数据表明南阳油田供电线路现有的绝缘配合方案存在很多薄弱环节,在油田生产过程中经常发生线路闪络和开关跳闸事故。针对南阳油田供电线路存在的绝缘薄弱环节,提出了南阳油田供电线路绝缘配合的优化方案。采用新方案油田供电线路绝缘强度得到加强,供电线路抗过电压能力得到很大提高,基本实现了油田电网“全天候”运行的目标。     

基于支持向量机的复杂环境条件下绝缘子闪络电压的预测

在大型人工气候实验室对XZP-160绝缘子试验数据的基础上,提出了一种基于支持向量机的绝缘子闪络电压预测方法。支持向量机是以统计学习理论为基础的,采用结构风险最小化原则代替传统经验风险最小化原则的新型统计学习方法。该文以气压、覆冰、污秽程度等环境条件作为输入,绝缘子的闪络电压作为输出,对环境条件和闪络电压的关系进行训练,建立绝缘子闪络电压的预测模型。结果表明预测的闪络电压与实测结果基本一致。该方法为复杂环境条件下外绝缘的选择提供了一种新的途径。     

RTV防污闪涂料在输电线路及变电站的应用

近几年电力系统污闪事故时有发生，对供电的可靠性造成威胁。从各种防污措施的比较，说明了新型防污涂料RTV和PRTV的使用价值，及由此产生的社会经济效益。     

多通道伪火花放电开关及其半导体表面放电触发器研究

本文设计了典型参数下的同轴式三通道伪火花放电开关及其氧化锌表面放电触发器,进行了空气介质下的放电实验研究,测量了开关的放电曲线,给出了产生伪火花放电的气压范围,计算了开关的放电电流上升陡度,并与相同尺寸下的单通道伪火花开关进行了比较,试验结果表明,采用多通道结构后,开关的长期通流能力由单通道的40kA提高到120kA,电路的电流上升陡度也有很大提高(15%～20%),而电极烧损则大大降低。同时首次采用氧化锌半导体设计了开关的表面放电触发器。实验表明,对耐受电压37kV的伪火花开关,在气压不变的条件下,开关的可触发开关电压可低至440V;在30～2kV的放电电压下,放电电流的时延及其抖动分别为(100～500ns)和(20～50ns)。