温敏性微凝胶对蛋白质和酶的吸附性能

用微乳液聚合方法以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺为单体合成了温敏性微凝胶聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNIPAM),研究了其对两种蛋白质和两种酶的吸附性能,测定了吸附等温线和温度对吸附量的影响。结果表明,微凝胶在低临界溶解温度(LCST)附近吸附蛋白质和酶的量有一突跃,例如在LCST前后,1 g纳米颗粒吸附的酪蛋白的质量分别为225 mg和415 mg;吸附的枯草杆菌蛋白酶的质量分别为12 000U/mg和27 500 U/mg。蛋白质和酶是通过物理吸附作用结合到PNIPAM微凝胶上,可以用调节温度的方法,来控制温敏微凝胶对蛋白质和酶的吸附与脱附。     

N-异丙基丙烯酰胺凝胶在NaCl水溶液中溶胀行为的预测研究

In this paper, a model is presented to correlate and predict the swelling behavior of hydrogels in aqueous solutions of electrolytes. The model is a combination of VERS-model, “phantom network“ theory and “free-volume“ contribution. The VERS-model is used to calculate Gibbs excess energy; “phantom network“ theory to describe the elastic properties of polymer network, and “free-volume“ contribution to account for additional difference in the size of the species. To test the model, a series of N-isopropylacrylamide based hydrogels are synthesized by free radical polymerization in oxygen-free, deionized water at 25~C under nitrogen atmosphere. Then, the degree of swelling of all investigated gels as well as the partition of the solute between the gel phase and the surrounding coexisting liquid phase are measured in aqueous solution of sodium chloride. The model test demonstrates that the swelling behavior correlated and predicted by the model agrees with the experimental data within the experimental uncertainty. The phase transition appeared in the experiment, and the influences of the total mass fraction of polymerizable materials ξgel as well as the mole fraction of the crosslinking agent YCR on the swelling behavior of IPAAm-gels can also be predicted correctly. All these show the potential of such model for correlation and prediction of the swelling behavior of hydrogels in aqueous solutions of electrolytes.     

亲水型温敏凝胶聚合物的制备与性能分析

温敏高分子材料因其对温度具有敏感性而被应用于温控开关及药物控温释放等领域.本文以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAm)、甲基丙烯酰胺(MAm)作为单体,过硫酸钾作为引发剂,采用N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(BIS)作为交联剂,制备了亲水型温敏凝胶聚合物,并研究了两种单体组分的质量分数比及交联剂的用量对所制备的凝胶聚合物的低临界溶液温度(LCST)、溶胀率和保水率的影响.研究结果表明:合成的N-异丙基丙烯酰胺与甲基丙烯酰胺的凝胶聚合物(简写为P(NI-PAm-co-MAm))的低临界溶液温度(LCST)随着凝胶聚合物体系中亲水单体比例的增加而升高;交联剂含量越多,则凝胶聚合物的溶胀率越小,而保水率增大;凝胶聚合物的亲水单体比例增加,则凝胶聚合物的溶胀率和保水率均增大.     

基于聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺和苯硼酸的智能胰岛素递送系统的研究进展

糖尿病的治疗期于开发能够实时监测机体血糖浓度,并根据需求精确释放特定剂量胰岛素的载体材料,从而抑制高血糖的出现,同时避免低血糖的发生,以使糖尿病患者的血糖浓度趋于正常范围。温度和葡萄糖双重响应系统的研发无疑为治愈糖尿病的终极目标的实现提供了新的契机。综述了近年来以温敏性聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide),PNIPAAm)和糖敏性苯硼酸(Phenylboronic acid,PBA)为功能主体的智能胰岛素递送系统的研究进展,包括简单构造材质(宏观凝胶和微凝胶)和复合结构材料(自组装纳米胶束、核壳式微凝胶、空心微球或微囊)等核心主题。     

Biological cardio-micro-pumps for microbioreactors and analytical micro-systems

Bio-hybrid microsystems actuated by living cells, as micro-bio-actuators and micro-bio-pumps have been developed recently. In these devices biological cells may be powered without external energy sources and the movement or the contraction of muscle cells trigger off the flow of fluid (i.e. culture medium or blood) through microchannels in micro-multi-bioreactor systems. Isolated and in vitro cultured cardiomyocytes (cardiac cells) are the most promising bio-material, which can be used to design a micro-bio-pump/actuator. These spontaneously contracting cells are autonomously powered with glucose as an energy source without any external power supply or stimulus, unlike conventional micro-actuators/micro-pumps. Cardio-micro-bio-pumps/actuators are using collective, synchronous contracting forces of cardiac cells or cardiac cell sheets to drive the flow of fluid. The feasibility of building such actuators was demonstrated in a few examples of bio-hybrid microsystems actuated by single or sheeted cardiomyocytes.     

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based vertically sandwichtyped hydrogel with fast temperature-response speed and its controlled-release characteristics

A novel poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based sandwich-typed hydrogel,which was featured with both ends of linear poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM)chains being grafted onto cross-linked PNIPAM chains,was successfully prepared in a three-step process by a method of sequential synthesis.The proposed hydrogel displays faster and hydration/dehydration dynamic response to temperature cycling owing to linear PNIPAM chains to form big-pore structure.This work may lead to high attraction for targeting drug delivery systems,polymeric pump,sensors and so on.     

水溶性聚合物的低临界溶液温度

研究了Ｎ－异丙基丙烯酰胺与丙烯酰胺及其它几种丙烯酰胺的衍生物的共聚物在水溶液中的溶解特性。     

N-异丙基丙烯酰胺共聚物/粘土纳米复合水凝胶的合成及性能

以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPA)为第一单体,分别以N,N-二乙基丙烯酰胺及N,N-二正丙基丙烯酰胺为第二单体合成了两种不同的共聚物/粘土纳米复合水凝胶.结果表明:复合共聚凝胶的平衡溶胀率、温度响应性能均有较大提高,在一定范围内增大加入的粘土含量,其性能的提高越明显.     

粒状温敏性PNIPA水凝胶的制备

为得到颗粒型温敏性水凝胶,采用N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(N-isopropylacrylamide,NIPA)的反相悬浮聚合方法.根据电导率的变化考察聚合体系的稳定性,并系统地研究了合成工艺对凝胶粒子粒径和形态的影响.实验证明,运用反相悬浮聚合可以制得粒径为40～370 μm的粒状PNIPA温敏性水凝胶.研究发现单体配方、分散剂用量和搅拌速度对产物粒子的大小、粒径分布和形态影响较大,共单体丙烯酸钠的引入能改变凝胶粒子的形态.从凝胶粒子粒径分布和形态,可见NIPA物系的反相悬浮聚合反应主要在水相液滴中进行.     

天然纤维素均相接枝聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺及其温敏性研究

利用基于电子转移再生活性种的原子转移自由基聚合(AGET ATRP)将单体N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAAM)接枝到天然纤维素上制得纤维素接枝聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(cell-PNIPAAM)。FT-IR、1H-NMR和13C-NMR分析表明,成功合成了cell-PNIPAAM；凝胶渗透色谱分析表明,接枝率随反应体系中N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）体积比的减小而增大,该聚合物分子质量的多分散性在2.0左右,表明聚合反应在一定程度上是可控的；热重分析显示，聚合物的热稳定性相比于天然纤维素略为提高；TEM图片显示，聚合物在高于其最低临界相转变温度(约为34℃)时,聚合物与水相分离并呈球形结构,平均直径约为40 nm。