基于博弈论的协作超宽带系统资源分配算法

为使多用户协作超宽带系统的资源分配算法能在有效利用系统资源的同时满足用户的服务质量QoS（Quality of Service）公平性需求,在纳什议价解方法和凸优化理论基础上,将合作博弈论方法用于协作多频带超宽带系统的资源优化分配中。提出以最大化系统净效用为目标,以用户的QoS需求为公平性指标的协作超宽带系统协作伙伴选择算法和自适应功率分配算法。通过仿真与最大化系统速率（max-rate）和最大化最小用户速率（max-min）公平性算法作比较,证明了该资源分配方法在最大化系统速率和用户QoS公平性两方面有很好的折衷,适于超宽带系统。     

Bandwidth Allocation with Minimum Rate Constraints in Cluster-based Femtocell Networks

 Inter-femtocell interference becomes serious when femtocells are densely deployed. To mitigate the inter-femtocell interference, this paper proposes a cluster-based bandwidth allocation algorithm. We create femtocell clusters by constructing a weighted interference graph and allocate bandwidth to each cluster based on a Nash bargaining solution (NBS). Simulation results show that the cluster-based bandwidth allocation algorithm can reduce the inter-femtocell interference and meet the minimum rate constraint of each cluster.     

P2P网络的恶意节点检测模型

为了解决分布式结构给P2P网络带来的安全问题,提出了一种适用于P2P网络的恶意节点检测机制,在此基础上设计了P2P网络恶意节点检测模型。在网络中定义针对不同攻击的节点行为规范(NBS),并根据NBS对节点之间发送的消息进行比较,找出与多数节点发送消息具有不同内容的节点,定义为恶意节点,然后利用分布式证书机制将恶意节点清除出网络。实验结果表明,该机制具有较好的可靠性和有效性。     

一种基于合作博弈的均衡路由方法

网络资源公平性分配是网络可存性研究中的关键问题，路由选择算法是影响网络资源分配的公平性和均衡性的关键因素。本文研究路由器路径选择中的均衡性问题，提出了基于博弈论思想的解决方案，即将IPv6协议中的任意播路由问题看作是合作参与者间的博弈；针对该博弈问题，建立了路由算法的合作博弈模型，求得了该博弈均衡点，并在此基础上，提出了一种基于合作博弈的均衡路由方法；最后通过实验仿真了算法结果。     

Accuracy and precision of quantitative energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry in the environmental scanning electron microscope

The accuracy and precision of quantitative energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry in the environmental scanning electron microscope have been estimated using a series of copper / gold alloys of known composition. The mean values (five to six replicate experiments) had relative errors within +/- 5%, and most were within +/- 3.5%. All relative standard deviations were < 5% and most were < 3%. Since the standard specimens were large (approximately 500 microm) in diameter, electron scattering in the 2 torr of water vapor above the specimen did not affect the results. This level of accuracy and precision was possible only by using a novel specimen surface charge neutralization scheme.     

自适应模糊C均值聚类彩色图像分割方法

模糊C均值聚类用于彩色图像分割具有简单直观,易于实现的特点,但存在聚类性能受中心点初始化影响且计算量大等问题,为此,提出一种自适应模糊C均值分割方法.算法根据人类的视觉特性,参照NBS距离与人类视觉对颜色差别的定量关系,结合具体图像的色彩分布,自动确定初始聚类中心及聚类数目,继而进行模糊C均值聚类.实验表明,该方法无需人为的干预,分割速度快,分割效果跟人的主观视觉感知保持了良好的一致性.     

Bandwidth allocation and admission control scheme based on Nash bargaining solution for WiMAX systems

Development of fair and efficient bandwidth allocation and admission control schemes is one of the key issues in the design of IEEE 802.16 broadband wireless access systems in time division multiple access (TDMA) mode. In this article, the problem of bandwidth allocation and admission control is formulated as a Nash bargaining model. The nash bargaining solution (NBS) derived from the cooperative game is adopted to maximize the spectrum utilization. Analysis and simulation results show that there is a unique Pareto optimal bandwidth allocation solution by using NBS among various flows. Furthermore, maximum utility of the system can also be maintained by using the admission control policy with different number of connections and variable channel qualities. The total throughput of the proposed scheme is close to the maximal one, while significantly improving fairness compared to the existing solutions.     

A study of color differences in women's ready‐to‐wear collections from world fashion cities: Intensive study of the Fall/Winter 2010 collections from New York,London, Milan,and Paris

The purpose of this study is to analyze the color differences in the four fashion collections from New York, London, Milan, and Paris while focusing on 2010 Fall and Winter women's ready‐to‐wear collections. The colors of the fashion collections were collected from American Vogue's website www.style.com and analyzed by using the ISCC –NBS color system which is made up of 10 basic hues of pink, red, orange, brown, yellow, olive, yellow green, green, blue, and purple, and three neutral categories of white, gray, and black. In addition to these 13 categories, yellowish pink, gold, and silver categories were classified. For analysis, one‐way ANOVA, the Scheffe test and the t‐test were adopted. The result of analysis showed that there was a statistical difference in purple compared with the other colors examined. The London collection showed the highest ratio of use in purple, whereas the Milan collection contrarily showed the lowest ratio of use in purple. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 38, 463–468, 2013     

Copper Oxide Precipitates in NBS Standard Reference Material 482

Copper oxide has been detected in the copper containing alloys of NBS Standard Reference Material (SRM) 482. This occurrence is significant because it represents heterogeneity within a standard reference material that was certified to be homogeneous on a micrometer scale. Oxide occurs as elliptically to spherically shaped precipitates whose size differs with alloy composition. The largest precipitates occur in the Au20-Cu80 alloy and range in size from submicrometer up to 2 μm in diameter. Precipitates are observed using light microscopy, electron microscopy, and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). SIMS has demonstrated that the precipitates are present within all the SRM 482 wires that contain copper. Only the pure gold wire is precipitate free. Initial results from the analysis of the Au20-Cu80 alloy indicate that the percentage of precipitates is less than 1 % by area. Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) of large (2 μm) precipitates in this same alloy indicates that precipitates are detectable by EPMA and that their composition differs significantly from the certified alloy composition. The small size and low percentage of these oxide precipitates minimizes the impact that they have upon the intended use of this standard for electron probe microanalysis. Heterogeneity caused by these oxide precipitates may however preclude the use of this standard for automated EPMA analyses and other microanalysis techniques.     

流动注射化学发光法测定杀菌剂代森锌的含量

在碱性条件下,N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS)直接氧化代森锌产生强烈的化学发光信号,结合流动注射技术,建立了测定杀菌剂代森锌含量的流动注射化学发光分析法。试验研究了影响化学发光信号强度的各种因素。方法的测定线性范围为9.0×10-7￣7.0×10-4g/ml,检出限(3σ)为3×10-7g/ml。对9.0×10-6g/ml的代森锌进行11次平行测定,相对标准偏差为3.6%。将该法用于实际农药样品分析,结果令人满意。