石油化工工程实践教学体系的构建与实践

本文从石油化工学科发展的特点,分析了培养石油化工人才大工程观的重要意义.认为通过强化工程理论教学与工程实践教学结合,加强实验教学的建设与改革,培育校内校外实习基地,整合第一课堂与第二课堂教学资源,是构建石油化工实践教学体系,培养学生的工程素质和创新能力的有效方法与途径.     

Metathesis of Ethene and Decene to Propene over a WO3/SiO2 Catalyst

Metathesis between decene and ethene to propene over a WO₃/SiO₂ catalyst was studied. The dependency of the conversion of decene, selectivity to propene, and working lifetime of the catalyst on ethane‐to‐decene molar ratio and temperature was evaluated. Low temperature was found to be favorable to the production of C₆–C₉ olefins, while high temperature enhanced C₁₀₊ olefins. The working lifetime of the catalyst decreased with the weight hourly space velocity. The optimum reaction conditions for the metathesis process of decene and ethene to propene were determined. An obvious induction period was found to exist in the metathesis reaction.     

石油化工流程模拟与应用

利用流程模拟软件来分析评价生产状态,达到节能降耗、挖潜增效、提高经济效益的目的,是计算机在生产中应用的一个重要方面。国外近几年发展很快,效益明显。本文介绍流程模拟的发展过程,在生产中应用情况,以及它的能力和限制。     

石油化工HSE管理体系初探

对石油化工HSE管理及其体系进行了定义,论述了HSE管理的重要性,阐述了HSE管理发展过程、管理要素、体系设计,结合自身实践描述了大型化工企业HSE管理体系构想及其试验,对世界HSE的发展趋势进行了预测,提出在HSE管理中使用安全逻辑的新观点。     

Interactive computer programs for petrologic modeling with extended Q-mode factor analysis

An extended form of Q-mode factor analysis may be used if the row-sums of the data matrix are constant and can be helpful especially in developing and testing petrologic-mixing models for igneous systems. The first step is to represent the sample compositions as unit vectors in M-dimensional space and then to project them into space of fewer dimensions (m) as determined to be appropriate from a factor-variance diagram. Compositions thought to be those of possible end-members in the petrologic system then are represented as vectors in the M-dimensional space and projected into the same space as the sample vectors. If these vectors remain close to unity in length after projection, the corresponding compositions can serve as end-member compositions for the model. After m suitable end-member compositions have been identified, each sample composition is expressed as a mixture of the end-members by computation of the composition loadings. The interactive computer programs presented are useful in these procedures because of the trial-and-error nature of the modeling procedures.     

石油化学工业中的贵金属催化剂

按照反应类型介绍石油重整和石油化学工业中使用的贵金属催化剂。     

Energy Efficiency Hierarchy Evaluation Based on Data Envelopment Analysis and its Application in a Petrochemical Process

A novel energy evaluation framework of petrochemical industrial processes based on a data envelopment analysis (DEA)‐integrated analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model is proposed. An improved AHP method is brought up based on the differences of data themselves to build fusion matrices among energy consumption data. Then the fractional DEA model is solved by the linear programming method. The integrating evaluation method can overcome the usual shortcomings of the DEA model and is also able to reflect the effectiveness of decision‐making units among different levels. A small number of such units are analyzed using the DEA model, and a multilevel integration of DEA efficiency values is disposed by the improved AHP method. The approach is firstly applied to the energy efficiency analysis of the ethylene production process in petrochemistry to improve energy consumption and efficiency.     

中微孔曝气器在北海石油化工厂污水处理改造中的应用

针对北海石油化工厂因原油处理量的成倍增加和原油性质的变化所带来的污水处理上存在的问题，重点介绍了采用中微孔曝气器后污水处理效果改善的情况。     

互联网上石油信息资源与利用

善于从互联网检索和利用石油信息是石油工程师和科研人员的基本技能。本文介绍搜索引擎Google、最重要的石油信息网站、网上石油化学数据库和石油专业软件等重要网上石油信息资源。希望有助于提高检索和利用世界最新石油科技信息的效率。     

Petrogenesis of Indosinian Granitoids in Middle-Segment of South Qinling Tectonic Belt:Constraints from Sr-Nd Isotopic Systematics

South Qinling Tectonic Belt (SQTB) is located between the Shangzhou-Danfeng and Mianxian-Lueyang sutures. There are a lot of early Mesozoic granitoid plutons in its middle segment,comprising the Dongjiangkou-Zhashui granitoid plutons at the northeast, Huayang-Wulong-Laocheng granitoid plutons at the central part, Xiba granitoid pluton at the northwest and Guangtoushan-Liuba granitoid plutons at the southwest. These Indonisian granitoids contain a mass of various scale mafic enclaves, which show sometimes clear boundaries and sometimes transitional boundaries with their host granitoids. These granitoids also exhibit metaluminous to peraluminous series, commonly higher Mg# and a wide range of petrochemistry from low-K tholeiite series, through mid-K and high-K calc-alkaline series to shoshonite series and predominated samples are attributed to mid-K and high-K calc-alkaline series. Detailed analyses in Sr-Nd isotopic systematics and petrochemistry reveal that there may be regionally initial granitoid magma of the Indonisian granitoid plutons, comprising Dongjiangkou-Zhashui, Huayang-Wulong-Laocheng, Xiba, and Guangtoushan-Liuba granitoid plutons, which were produced by hybrids of magmas in various degrees, and the initial magmas were derived from both the mantle and the lower continental crust (LCC) sources in the SQTB. The initial granitoid magma further did the magma hybrid with the magmas from the LCC, crystallization fractionation, and assimilation with upper crustal materials during their emplacement to produce these granitoid plutons in the SQTB. These magmatism processes are most likely to occur under continent marginal arc and syn-collision to post-collision tectonic backgrounds.