硫脲浸出液活性炭负载洗脱研究

从硫脲浸出液中活性炭负载洗脱金是比较困难的,目前在这方面发表的文献并不很多。本文着重研究并讨论了从负载活性炭上洗脱金的不同方法,包括酸性硫脲有机溶液和非有机洗脱液。研究了丙酮、乙腈、丁醇、乙二醚和乙醇5种有机溶剂。研究了不同的硫脲、硫酸和有机溶剂的浓度和温度对洗脱的影响。试验表明了这5种有机溶剂对金的洗脱能力按如下顺序排列: 丁醇>乙腈>乙二醚>乙醇>丙酮当采用5%丁醇,50～100g/L硫脲和50～100g/L硫酸,温度40～60℃时,金的洗脱率可达98～99%,此时活性炭含金降至0.10mg/g以下。对于非有机洗脱液,像硫化钠和硫代硫酸钠,研究表明金的洗脱率主要取决于溶液的浓度和温度,在室温时,1～2mol的硫化钠溶液可以洗脱99%的金。如果溶液的浓度降低至0.5mol,则温度需升至80℃以上才可能获得相同的洗脱率。     

安钢焦化硫铵对建筑物的腐蚀及防腐措施

在冶金企业中，焦化的厂房及库房受硫铵的腐蚀较为严重。根据焦化的实际情况，对厂房及库房腐蚀的原理现状进行分析，并根据多年的工作经验，对新建的硫铵工段提出了防腐的方法和施工措施。     

Microbiologically influenced corrosion of stainless steels – What is required for pitting?

Pitting of stainless steels in environments normally regarded as completely harmless is often attributed to microbial activity. In this paper, attention is drawn on one hand to the basic requirements for pitting of stainless steels to be possible, and on the other hand to various ways how microbial activity could contribute to a fulfilment of these requirements. For pit growth to be possible, three basic requirements must be fulfilled: 1) the environment must contain anions that can form an aggressive solution into the pit, 2) there must be a potential difference between the interior of the pit and the open surface outside the pit, 3) the temperature must exceed a critical value. The main factors that normally influence the possibility of pitting are the chloride content and the oxidising power of the environment, presence of anions other than chloride, temperature, possible presence of deposits on the steel surface, and the composition of the steel. Anions other than chloride in the bulk solution, including sulphate, usually have an inhibiting effect. Thiosulphate, however, is known to promote pitting under certain conditions. The possible ways of microbial activity to enhance pitting could include deposit formation leading to crevice type of attack, local modification of the composition of the environment to a more concentrated one, raising the electrode potential of the steel surface (“ennoblement”), or formation of reaction products that permit active dissolution inside a pit at lower potentials. Special attention is drawn to the possible action of thiosulphate by enhancing the anodic reaction at low potentials of the dissolving surface inside the pits.     

金的硫代硫酸根络合物的吸附回收

The gold sorption from thiosulphate solutions on carbon sorbents and on anion exchangers was studied. It was shown that the anion exchangers AV-17-10P and AP-100 are the most effective and selective at pH=5-8. These anion exchangers can be recommended for the gold recovery from the industrial solutions.     

Influence of sodium thiosulphate on oxidation of sulphide minerals during selective flotation of copper-nickel ores

The studies of sulphur distribution in oxidation products of pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite being components of Cu-Ni ores showed that the elementary sulphur — sulphoxide ion ratio on the mineral surface and in the liquid phase of mineral suspensions changes in the presence of sodium thiosulphate. Sodium thiosulphate exhibits properties of a reducing agent and prevents formation of hydrophobic elementary sulphur on pyrrhotite surface due to oxygen absorption and oxidation of thiosulphate-ions to sulphates. The decrease in pyrrhotite floatability is observed, and more favorable conditions are provided for selective flotation of chalcopyrite on copper-nickel ore processing. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 4, pp. 89–94, July–August, 2006.     

用硫代硫酸钠代替铬粉还原测定肥料中硝酸态氮

肥料中硝酸态氮检测中,用硫代硫酸钠代替铬粉还原,是一种相对简便、安全、有效的方法。     

Pitting growth rate on Alloy 800 in chloride solutions containing thiosulphate: image analysis assessment

The growth rate of pits formed on Alloy 800 in chloride solutions containing various thiosulphate concentrations was assessed by potentiostatic polarisation, in situ corrosion image observation, and image analysis. The pitting growth rate was a function of solution chemistry: in chloride solution pits were small but numerous, in chloride?+?thiosulphate solution, the pits were large. Competitive adsorption on Alloy 800 of chloride and thiosulphate ions affected the pitting potential and therefore the pitting growth rate on the metal. The reduction of thiosulphate to elemental sulphur accelerated the pitting growth rate in chloride?+?thiosulphate solutions.     

Passivation degradation of Alloy 800 on nucleate boiling surface

In this work, the passivation degradation of Alloy 800 on nucleate boiling surface was studied by using polarisation curve, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry. Experimental results indicated that boiling bubble would significantly degrade the passive film, as indicated by a decreased pitting potential and increased passive current density. Under boiling condition, the mass transfer of electrolyte is accelerated and the temperature of Alloy 800 was increased, as a result, the cathodic reaction and the dissolution rate of the passive film were increased. The passive film was Cr-depleted but Ni- and Fe-enriched, and the decreased Cr content in the passive film led to a degraded passive film.     

乙二胺四乙酸二钠对铜粉置换硫代硫酸盐金的影响

探讨了铜粉置换硫代硫酸盐金时,硫代硫酸盐浸金体系氧化剂二价铜离子对该置换反应的负面影响。结果表明,加入乙二胺四乙酸二钠能消除氧化剂的抑制作用,提高金置换率。比较了硫氰酸盐、硫脲和硫代硫酸盐等浸金体系的氧化剂对置换回收金产生抑制作用的共性原因,分析了克服其负面影响方法的共同特点。     

聚乙烯亚胺对硫代硫酸盐镀银的影响

以往就聚乙烯亚胺用作光亮剂对硫代硫酸盐镀银的影响研究不够。为此,在硫代硫酸盐体系加入聚乙烯亚胺制备了银镀层,采用SEM、XRD及阴极极化等技术研究了聚乙烯亚胺对镀层表面形貌、晶粒结构、硬度及镀液阴极极化的影响。结果表明:聚乙烯亚胺的加入可以增大镀液的阴极极化,显著细化晶粒,使银镀层的硬度增大、防变色能力得到提高,当加入0.06～0.08 g/L聚乙烯亚胺时银镀层性能最佳。