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1.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(23):32882-32890
Transition metals doping has been proved to be a feasible way for tuning the physical properties on the surface and bulk of nanomaterials and also for the good performance in decontamination of emerging pollutants. In this context, doped samples of zinc tin oxide or zinc stannate nanoparticles (ZTO NPs) by several transition metals were synthesized in order to enhance the optical absorbance with the aims of reducing the band gap and therefore ameliorated their photocatalytic activity. They were characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence. The XRD patterns and the microscopic observations showed the formation of spherical nanoparticles with an average size of about 30 nm and highly pure ZTO phase with an inverse spinel structure. The Raman spectra were dominated by bands relatives to the F2g (2) and A1g symmetries modes of inverse spinel structure. The band gap Eg is estimated to be 3.75 eV for the undoped sample, and 3.67, 3.64, 3.78 and 3.21 eV, for 2% Fe, 2% Mg, 2% Gd, and 2% Mn doped ZTO samples, respectively.Furthermore, the undoped ZTO NPs have the intrinsic problem of recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. We have shown that the reduction of the band gap and oxygen vacancies resulting from the doping effect could be a useful tool for trapping and avoid the recombination of electrons coming from photosensitized rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation. Owing to the structural advantages and low band gap, 2% Mn doped ZTO NPs, with the kinetic rate constants k of 0.024 min−1, show enhanced performance for the elimination of RhB in aqueous solution compared to undoped and other doped ZTO NPs. 相似文献
2.
改性纳米TiO2光催化降解苯酚活性的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在装有紫外光的光催化反应器中,用锐钛型纳米TiO2为光催化剂,进行了苯酚水溶液的光催化降解性能的研究。考察了溶液的pH值、纳米TiO2用量、镍(Ni^2+)掺杂量、苯酚的初始质量浓度等因素对苯酚水溶液光催化降解过程的影响。结果表明,在pH值为7时,苯酚水溶液的降解率达95%以上,强酸和强碱条件均不利于苯酚的降解。当TiO2用量为50mg,UV辐照40min时,200mL质量浓度为50mg/L的苯酚水溶液的降解率为96.3%;当TiO2用量为150mg,UV辐照60min时,200mL质量浓度100mg/L的苯酚水溶液的降解率为95.8%。镍掺杂增加了TiO2的光催化活性,用质量分数为10%的二氯化镍水溶液掺杂制备的复合光催化剂,苯酚水溶液的降解率比未掺杂时增加13.6%。 相似文献
3.
4.
C. N. Haas B. F. Severin D. Roy R. S. Engelbrecht A. Lalchandani S. Farooq 《Water research》1985,19(3):323-329
This paper summarizes studies on the presence of acid-fast and yeast organisms in wastewater and water treatment plants and in surface water. These organisms were found to satisfy three of Bonde's criteria for indicator organisms: presence whenever pathogens are likely to be present; resistance at least equal to that of pathogens; and lack of regrowth in the post-treatment environment. This, plus prior data, indicates that these organisms are at least as acceptable as indicators of disinfection efficiency than the coliform group. 相似文献
5.
二氧化钛纳米晶的制备及光催化活性研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文用溶胶—凝胶法制备了不同晶相的TiO2纳米晶,将其负载于镍网上,以苯酚的降解为模型反应,研究对比了不同晶相TiO2纳米晶的光催化活性。结果表明,纯锐钛矿相的TiO2纳米晶的降解能力要强于锐钛矿与金红石混合相的TiO2纳米晶。 相似文献
6.
7.
Huseyin Selcuk Jeosadaque J Sene Marc A Anderson 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2003,78(9):979-984
This study addresses the removal of humic acid (HA) dissolved in an aqueous medium by a photoelectrocatalytic process. UV254 removal and the degradation of color (Vis400) followed pseudo‐first order kinetics. Rate constants were 1.1 × 10?1 min?1, 8.3 × 10?2 min?1 and 2.49 × 10?2 min?1 (R2 > 0.97) for UV254 degradation and 1.7 × 10?1 min?1, 6.5 × 10?2 min?1 and 2.0 × 10?2 min?1 for color removal from 5 mg dm?3, 10 mg dm?3 and 25 mg dm?3 HA respectively. Following a 2 h irradiation time, 96% of the color, 98% of the humic acid and 85% of the total organic carbon (TOC) was removed from an initial 25 mg dm?3 HA solution in the photoanode cell. Photocatalytic removal on the same photoanode was also studied in order to compare the two methods of degradation. Results showed that the photoelectrocatalytic method was much more effective than the photocatalytic method especially at high pH values and with respect to UV254 removal. The effect of other important reaction variables, eg pH, external potential and electrolyte concentration, on the photoelectrocatalytic HA degradation was also studied. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
8.
Guanghui Wang Lei Huang Rong Yu Nansheng Deng 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(5):601-608
BACKGROUND: Endocrine disruptors in the aquatic environment and their potential adverse effects are currently issues of concern. One of these endocrine disruptors is 2,2‐bis(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methylphenyl)propane (BPP). In this work the molecular recognition interaction of BPP with β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) was studied using IR spectroscopy and steady state fluorescence spectroscopy, and the photocatalytic degradation behaviour of BPP based on molecular recognition interaction was investigated in a TiO2/UV–visible (λmax = 365 nm) system. This might provide a new method for the treatment of some organic pollutants in wastewater. RESULTS: β‐CD reacts with BPP to form a 1:1 inclusion complex, the formation constant of which is 4.94 × 103 L mol?1. The photodegradation rate constant of BPP after molecular recognition by β‐CD showed a 1.42‐fold increase in the TiO2/UV–visible (λmax = 365 nm) system. The photodegradation of BPP depended on the concentration of β‐CD, the pH value, the gaseous medium and the initial concentration of BPP. The photodegradation efficiency of BPP with molecular recognition was higher than that without molecular recognition. After 100 min of irradiation the mineralisation efficiency of BPP after molecular recognition by β‐CD reached 94.8%, whereas the mineralisation efficiency of BPP before molecular recognition by β‐CD was only 40.6%. CONCLUSION: The photocatalytic degradation of BPP after molecular recognition by β‐CD can be enhanced in the TiO2/UV‐visible (λmax = 365 nm) system. This enhancement is dependent on the enhancement of the adsorption of BPP, the moderate inclusion depth of BPP in the β‐CD cavity and the increase in the frontier electron density of BPP after molecular recognition. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
9.
A new synthesis procedure for titanium-containing aluminosilicate zeolites has been obtained using a clear colloidal dispersion (sol) which was prepared with titanium isopropoxide, water, hydrochloric acid and colloidal silica, Ludox. When NaY, KL, offretite, mordenite and ZSM-5 zeolites were crystallized from the sol following conventional hydrothermal crystallization procedures, all the aluminosilicate zeolites showed the same X-ray absorption fine structure at the Ti K edge indicating framework Ti. The zeolites showed remarkable catalytic activity for the partial oxidation of cyclohexene using H2O2 as an oxidant and the photocatalytic decomposition of trichloroethene using water. 相似文献
10.
A study was undertaken to examine the sensitivity of a wastewater population of coliphage, total coliforms and total flora present in raw sewage and secondary effluent after irradiating with similar doses delivered by a high-energy electron beam and y -radiation. The electron beam study was conducted on a large scale at the Virginia Key Wastewater Treatment Plant, Miami, Fla. The facility is equipped with a 1.5 MeV, 50 mA electron accelerator, with a wastewater flow rate of 8 ls−1. Concurrent y-radiation studies were conducted at laboratory scale using a 5000 Ci, 60Co y -source. Three logs reduction of all three test organisms were observed at an electron beam dose of 500 krads, while at least four logs reduction were observed at the same dose utilizing the y-source. 相似文献