Amikacin disulfate: an aminoglycoside antibiotic drug as a corrosion inhibitor for copper in 1 M nitric acid medium

The effect of commercially available pharmaceutically active compound amikacin disulfate (AMK) against the corrosion of copper in 1 M HNO₃ solution was investigated using Tafel polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and weight loss techniques. The results show that inhibition efficiency (IE %) increases with increasing inhibitor concentration from 0.1 to 1.0 mM. Increasing the temperature increased the corrosion rate, and results decreased the inhibition efficiency. The adsorption of inhibitor obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm model via physisorption mechanism. EIS technique exhibits one capacitive loop, indicating that the corrosion reaction is controlled by charge transfer process. Polarization measurements showed that the AMK is mixed-type inhibitor. The surface morphologies were studied by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopic techniques. The corrosion mechanism were explained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.     

Enzyme immunoassay and liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection for amikacin in raw milk

An enzyme immunoassay and a liquid chromatography (LC) method for amikacin (AMK) in raw milk were developed in this study. Anti-AMK antibody was prepared by immunizing rabbits with AMK-BSA conjugate. The developed immunoassay exhibited an IC(50) value of 1.30 ng/mL and the spiked recoveries at 25-1000 ng/mL ranged from 69.8% to 93.3% with coefficients of variation (CVs) of 8.5-17.6%. For LC analysis, AMK was derivatized with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate, which was followed by C8 column separation and fluorescence detection. By trichloroacetic acid extraction and MCX column purification, the recoveries at spiked concentrations of 500-5000 ng/mL were 80.7-91.3% with CVs less than 6.3%. The two methods can be selectively used for rapidly screening or quantitatively determining AMK in raw milk.     

不同方法测定硫酸阿米卡星含量的比较

对硫酸阿米卡星采用２种不同的方法进行结果比较。实验表明在色谱度较高的情况下生物测定法和ＨＰＬＣ法结果基本吻合,误差在允许范围内,具有较好的一致性。在色谱纯度较低（含有同分异构体Ｋ２９、Ｋ１１）的情况下生物测定结果略高于ＨＰＬＣ法,两者比较ＨＰＬＣ法更能真实反映硫酸阿米卡星（Ｋ８）的含量。     

Effect of Various Electrolytes on the Phase Separation and Thermodynamic Properties of p-Tert-Alkylphenoxy Poly (Oxyethylene) Ether in the Absence/Presence of Drugs

Cloud point (CP) measurements of 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl-polyethyleneglycol (Triton X-100 (TX-100)) were performed in aqueous solution in the presence of drug Amikacin sulfate (AS)/Neomycin sulfate (NS)/(AS/NS+ different inorganic salts). In aqueous solution, the CP values of TX-100 first decrease with increasing concentration and then increase with increasing surfactant concentration. The CP values of TX-100 solutions were found to increase with the increasing concentration of the AS/NS drug. The CP values of TX-100-AS/NS mixtures were also observed to decrease with the increase of the concentration of salt. Different thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (), standard enthalpy () as well as the standard entropy () change of phase separation were calculated and discussed in relation to molecular interactions.     

氨基糖甙类抗生素的体外抗生素后效应研究

目的 观察氨基糖甙类抗生素庆大霉素(GN)、奈替米星(NTL)和阿米卡星(AMK)的体外抗生素后效应(PAE)。方法 应用AVANTAG全能自动化微生物分析仪用光密度测定法测定GN、NTL和AMK对4种共20株受试菌的PAE。结果 3种氨基糖甙类抗生素对受试革兰氏阳性球菌和革兰氏阴性杆菌均产生明显的PAE,亚抑菌浓度(1/2 MIC)时也存在PAE, PAE值随药物浓度的增加而增大(P<0.05),表现出强的浓度依赖性,不同菌株产生不同的PAE。结论 PAE 的存在提示设计氨基糖甙类抗生素给药方案时可减少给药次数,延长用药间歇,维持药物疗效,从而减轻毒副作用。