用于电脑磁头生产的电子级NMP质量监控方法

电子级NMP溶剂在电脑磁头生产中用作脱蜡剂、脱脂剂和污渍清洁剂。介绍了适用于电脑磁头生产的电子级NMP溶剂的质量控制项目(纯度、色度、水分、阴离子含量、硅油、微粒、pH值、重金属、有机痕量杂质、腐蚀试验等)和测试方法。     

Continuum electrostatic approach for evaluating positions and interactions of proteins in a bilayer membrane

Orientations of proteins in the membranes are crucial to their function and stability. Unfortunately the exact positions of these proteins in the lipid bilayer are mostly undetermined. Here, the spatial orientation of membrane proteins within the lipid membrane was evaluated using a Poisson–Boltzmann solvent continuum approach to calculate the electrostatic free energy of the protein solvation at various orientations in an implicit bilayer. The solvation energy was obtained by computing the difference in electrostatic energies of the protein in water and in lipid/water environments, treating each as an implicit solvent model. The optimal position of transmembrane proteins (TMP) in a lipid bilayer is identified by the minimum in the “downhill” pathway of the solvation energy landscape. The energy landscape pattern was considerably conserved in various TMP classes. Evaluation of the position of 1060 membrane proteins from the orientations of proteins in membranes (OPM) database revealed that most of the polytopic and β-barrel proteins were in good agreement with those of the OPM database. The study provides a useful scheme for estimating the membrane solvation energy made by lipid-exposed amino acids in membrane proteins. In addition, our results tested with the bacterial potassium channel model demonstrated the potential usefulness of the approach in assessing the quality of membrane protein models. The present approach should be applicable for constructing transmembrane proteins–lipid configuration suitable for membrane protein simulations and will have utility for the structural modeling of membrane proteins.     

Covalent Adaptable Microstructures via Combining Two-Photon Laser Printing and Alkoxyamine Chemistry: Toward Living 3D Microstructures

Manufacturing programmable materials, whose mechanical properties can be adapted on demand, is highly desired for their application in areas ranging from robotics, to biomedicine, or microfluidics. Herein, the inclusion of dynamic and living bonds, such as alkoxyamines, in a printable formulation suitable for two-photon 3D laser printing is exploited. On one hand, taking advantage of the dynamic covalent character of alkoxyamines, the nitroxide exchange reaction is investigated. As a consequence, a reduction of the Young´s Modulus by 50%, is measured by nanoindentation. On the other hand, due to its “living” characteristic, the chain extension becomes possible via nitroxide mediated polymerization. In particular, living nitroxide mediated polymerization of styrene results not only in a dramatic increase of the volume (≈8 times) of the 3D printed microstructure but also an increase of the Young's Modulus by two orders of magnitude (from 14 MPa to 2.7 GPa), while maintaining the shape including fine structural details. Thus, the approach introduces a new dimension by enabling to create microstructures with dynamically tunable size and mechanical properties.     

摇摆状态下TFE/NMP降膜吸收理论研究

根据船用条件下吸收器内溶液降膜吸收的特点,建立了摇摆状态下垂直管内TFE/NMP降膜吸收过程中动量、热量和质量传递的物理和数学模型.模型中充分考虑了转动附加惯性力对降膜流场中液膜厚度、速度、温度和浓度分布的影响.采用膜内积分与全隐式有限容积相结合的数值方法求解理论模型.通过对计算结果的分析,可以发现,在摇摆状态下TFE/NMP降膜吸收过程中,由于转动附加惯性力的存在,液膜内速度、温度和浓度等参数分布具有周期性和对称性特点.     

几种丁二烯抽提技术的比较

根据上海石洞口煤气制气有限公司利用现有资源及设施条件,拟建一套24kt/a丁二烯抽提装置,通过对DMF,NMP和ACN法进行比较,并结合企业实际情况,推荐采用DMF法。     

Interpolymer radical coupling: A toolbox complementary to controlled radical polymerization

The current review focuses on the relevance and practical benefit of interpolymer radical coupling methods. The latter are developing rapidly and constitute a perfectly complementary macromolecular engineering toolbox to the controlled radical polymerization techniques (CRP). Indeed, all structures formed by CRP are likely to be prone to radical coupling reactions, which multiply the available synthetic possibilities. Basically, the coupling systems can be divided in two main categories. The first one, including the atom transfer radical coupling (ATRC), silane radical atom abstraction (SRAA) and cobalt-mediated radical coupling (CMRC), relies on the recombination of macroradicals produced from a dormant species. The second one, including atom transfer nitroxide radical coupling (ATNRC), single electron transfer nitroxide radical coupling (SETNRC), enhanced spin capturing polymerization (ESCP) and nitrone/nitroso mediated radical coupling (NMRC), makes use of a radical scavenger in order to promote the conjugation of the polymer chains. More than a compilation of macromolecular engineering achievements, the present review additionally aims to emphasize the particularities, synthetic potential and present limitations of each system.     

基于SNMP协议的OSS网络管理系统的研究

本文首先探讨了OSS的发展以及SNMP协议的网络管理标准。通过对相关OSS软件的研究,进一步探讨了其程序的实现过程,分析了SNMP协议在实际网络管理中的具体应用。     

国内外丁二烯抽提技术的比较

根据广州石化60万t/a乙烯改扩建的裂解C4产量及现有加工能力，需要新建一套13．5万t/a丁二烯抽提装置。通过对国内外的二甲基甲酰胺法、乙腈法、N-甲基吡咯烷酮法工艺路线进行技术比较，为分公司乙烯改扩建技术、商务谈判和确定最终的专利技术提供依据。     

Butanol isomer separation using polyamide-imide/CD mixed matrix membranes via pervaporation

Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) comprising polyamide-imide (PAI) and α-, β- or γ-cyclodextrin (CD) have been investigated experimentally and computationally for isomeric n-butanol/tert-butanol (n-BuOH/t-BuOH) separation via pervaporation. Consistent with molecular simulation, experimental results show that the CD inclusion ability and butanol discrimination ability are dependent on both CD cavity size and butanol molecular size. The PAI membrane incorporated with α-CD has the smallest cavity and has the highest discrimination ability for the n-BuOH/t-BuOH pair but with a low butanol flux. The mixed matrix membrane embedded with γ-CD has the lowest selectivity and the highest flux. The PAI/β-CD membrane has a comparable selectivity and flux, and exhibits preferential sorption and diffusion selectivity toward n-BuOH. A maximum separation factor of 1.53 with a corresponding flux of 4.4 g/m² h are obtained at an optimal β-CD loading of 15 wt%. Further increments in the CD content eventually lead to a decrease in separation performance because of CD agglomeration and severe phase separation. To better understand the influence of CD on the separation performance of mixed matrix membranes, SEM, FTIR and XRD have been employed for membrane characterizations. The effect of n-butanol/t-butanol ratio in the feed composition has also been studied. It is found that both flux and separation factor decrease with increasing n-butanol content in the feed. The decline is attributed to the change in total vapor pressure at the upstream and the mutual drag effect of isomeric butanol molecules.     

聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和N-甲基吡咯烷酮的应用进展

概述了聚乙基吡咯烷酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮的主要合成方法,特别对它们的应用领域进行了详细的介绍。随着我国石油工业和有机原料回收技术的进步,以及医药、农药、溶剂、食品添加剂、香料、医药中间体和表面活性剂的发展,这两种吡咯化合物的需求量将会越来越大、市场前景看好。