Design and study on variable nozzle mixed-flow turbocharger

A spatial motion mechanism was designed which could make all the nozzle vanes rotate a- round the center of ball with the same radius synchronously to realize control of the variable nozzle mixed-flow turbocharger （VN-MT）. The back and abdomen of the nozzle vane was designed as arc- shaped. A variable nozzle ring perfectly combined with the mixed-flow turbine was made available. The turbine geometric model of VN-MT was established through the computational fluid dynamics （CFD）. Compared with nozzleless mixed-flow turbine, the flow range of variable nozzle mixed-flow turbine was broadened tremendously while the peak turbine efficiency point was lower slightly. Flow field analysis in turbine stage showed that the energy was larger and the blade load of rotor was lower than loss of the VN-MT under designed condition the nozzleless mixed-flow turbocharger.     

混流泵叶片角对泵性能的影响

根据对已有试验成果的分析,提出了混流泵叶片角对效率、轴功率系数、叶轮出口液流角、阻力系数和摩擦系数等有关性能参数影响的表达式,为进一步研究混流泵性能提供了理论基础。     

Experimental and numerical study of the airflow distribution in mixed-flow grain dryers

The aim of this study was to investigate the airflow distribution in a mixed-flow dryer (MFD) and to study the effect of different bed materials and air duct arrangements. The results were used to validate the numerical model developed in a previous work based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). A series of experiments have been conducted at a semi-technical MFD test dryer with horizontal and diagonal air duct arrangement. Wheat and rapeseed were used as bed materials. The experiments were performed under isothermal conditions. Two experimental methods were selected and adapted to the measuring problem—the measurement of the isobar distribution within the grain bed and the residence time analysis using the tracer gas pulse method. As could be shown, the isobar distributions measured for wheat and rapeseed agreed well with the model predictions. The numerical model could calculate the influence of the bed material with its different particle characteristics (e.g., particle shape, particle size, bed porosity). The results obtained from the residence time analysis confirmed the known quartering of the air stream flowing from one inlet air duct to the four surrounding outlet air ducts for the horizontal air duct arrangement; in the diagonal air duct arrangement, the air stream from one inlet air duct was nearly halved flowing to the two adjacent diagonal outlet air ducts. These results were confirmed by investigations of the air velocity distribution within the grain bulk. Further experiments are necessary to refine the model. The residence time and isobar measurements will be extended to study the influence of different air properties under real drying conditions, the effect of structural elements, and dryer designs.     

混流式喷水推进泵叶轮刮擦故障诊断方法

针对喷水推进泵的叶顶间隙过大或者过小都会影响喷水推进船航速的问题,提出一种利用泵壳体振动和输入轴力矩参量对叶轮刮擦故障进行识别的方法。在介绍混流式喷水推进泵叶轮径向摩擦振动机理的基础上,对装有2台喷泵的某高速巡逻艇的实船试航,通过获取的靠近叶轮的壳体振动信号以及输入轴力矩信号分析,得到了具体的故障特征指标。该分析结果为使用人员及时对这类异常状态做出快速、准确的判断,及时调整叶轮安装的状态以防止更大事故的发生提供了参考。     

大型立式混流泵装置水动力特性数值模拟

应用k-ε和k-ω相结合的SST湍流模型封闭控制方程,对立轴蜗壳式混流泵装置的内部流动结构进行数值模拟。采用全隐式网格耦合求解,计算中考虑了叶轮叶顶间隙的影响。通过计算获得了泵装置全流场,分析了蜗壳出水室的流态和叶轮的水力特性,预测了泵装置性能并与试验值进行了比较。结果表明：蜗壳出水室内的流动为轴向流动与环向旋转的合成流动,静压分布较对称,出口断面轴向流速分布均匀度和速度加权平均角相对较低;叶片表面的静压分布呈现较为清晰的规律,叶片表面静压分布比较均匀,压力面的静压整体上比吸力面要高;随着流量的增大,叶轮承受的轴向力渐小,而径向力则先减小后增大;数值模拟预测的性能结果与试验的性能结果相比较,前者高于后者,趋势基本一致。     

岭澳核电站二期工程循环水泵选型分析

近年来．混凝土蜗壳泵开始在我国得到应用,鉴于目前我国相关领域应用经验不多的情况,以岭澳核电站二期工程循环水泵的选型经验为基础,对立式金属混流泵和混凝土蜗壳泵的性能结构、方案选择和泵房布置等方面进行比较．分析了不同方案的特点以及岭澳核电站二期工程循环水系统采用混凝土蜗壳泵一机两泵方案的主要原因。     

混流泵起动过程转子轴心轨迹的试验研究*

混流泵起动过程中的振动失稳严重威胁着泵机组的安全,研究起动过程中的轴心轨迹,可以全面、直观地反映瞬态效应对机组运行稳定性的影响,掌握非调节工况下转子的振动状态。基于本特利408数据采集系统,测量获得了起动加速过程中不同转速下转子的轴心轨迹图和时域图,分解提纯一倍频和二倍频轴心轨迹图及其时域图,解析起动过程不同转速下的频谱图。研究结果表明,加速过程中,一倍频轴心轨迹由长短轴相差不大的椭圆逐渐变为圆形,可以判断转子存在弓状回转涡动且涡动不断加剧;二倍频轴心轨迹由近似水平线段逐渐变化为水平方向扁平的椭圆,可以判断转子存在不对中现象且水平方向的振动不断加剧。结合瞬态外特性曲线,研究发现随着转速的逐渐增大,转子系统的瞬时水力冲击逐渐增大,转子不平衡量和径向偏移量逐渐增大,振动情况逐渐加重,当转速达到最大值时,轴系振动出现一个峰值并随转速稳定有所降低并逐渐趋于稳定。加速是引起轴系振动的主要原因,瞬态效应是影响振动故障恶化的重要因素。研究成果对于实时评估混流泵起动过程中的轴系运行状态、有效降低或防止振动故障的恶化具有重要的工程应用价值和理论指导作用。     

等环量流型高比转速混流泵内部流场数值模拟

为揭示高比转速混流泵的内部流动规律,应用商用软件Fluent对其进行数值模拟.模拟中以雷诺平均N-S方程为流动控制方程,采用标准k-ε二方程模型作为修正方程,对于压力和速度耦合关系采用SIMPLE算法处理.分析了等环量流型高比转速混流泵内部的静压分布和速度分布,得出结论为:叶片进口距离轮缘较近处存在明显的负压区,叶轮与导叶体之间存在明显的动静干扰,叶轮进口处存在轻微的流动冲击,但是并没有影响流体的整体流动.通过分析,揭示了高比转速混流泵内部流动规律,为其性能改进提供了依据.     

用于H1F涡轮增压器的混流涡轮研制

为了在高比转速下得到高性能的混流涡轮 ,使用了一种改进的涡轮设计方法 .通过引入涡轮叶轮速度分布评价指标 ,将叶轮流动分析与涡轮性能预测这两个涡轮设计体系中重要的分析手段结合起来 .利用此方法为匹配J6110Z柴油机的H1F型增压器设计了混流涡轮 .性能预测结果显示 ,与传统径流涡轮相比 ,混流涡轮能在更低的速度比u/c0 下得到更高的涡轮最高效率 ,并且高效率区更宽广 .     

糯扎渡水电站额定水头选择

对于具有较大调节库容水头变幅大的水电站期望能采用较低的额定水头，以减少受阻容量。而从混流式水轮机稳定运行的要求出发，希望额定水头不低于Hmax/1．15。为此，应兼顾二者的要求合理选择水轮机的额定水头，糯扎渡水电站水轮机的额定水头选择187m较为合适。