The availability of daylight from tropical skies—a case study of Malaysia

In Malaysia, no long-term daylight data are measured. It was only recently that the need to measure the availability of daylight became urgent when the importance of daylighting in buildings was rediscovered. The hourly daylight availability has been simulated for the Malaysian sky using daylight modelling techniques based on empirical and measured solar irradiation and cloud cover data. This paper presents the techniques involved in producing exterior illuminance data. These data were then compared with measured illuminance at Shah Alam and Bangi, Malaysia. The global illuminance levels are generally high, with values exceeding 80,000 lux at noon during the months when solar irradiation is highest. Even during the months when the ground receives less solar irradiation, the peak illuminance can reach 60,000 lux. Applications and uses of such data are in daylighting design, both for visual and thermal comfort, task illuminance and energy-conscious design of buildings. Recommendations are made at the end of the paper on the various climatic data that are required to be measured for overall daylighting design applications.     

Passive solar systems for heating, daylighting and ventilation for rooms without an equator-facing facade

Spaces without northerly orientations have an impact on the ‘energy behaviour’ of a building. This paper outlines possible energy savings and better performance achieved by different zenithal solar passive strategies (skylights, roof monitors and clerestory roof windows) and element arrangements across the roof in zones of cold to temperate climates typical of the central and central-southern Argentina. Analyses were undertaken considering daylighting, thermal and ventilation performances of the different strategies. The results indicate that heating, ventilation and lighting loads in spaces without an equator-facing facade can be significantly reduced by implementing solar passive strategies. In the thermal aspect, the solar saving fraction reached for the different strategies were averaged 43.16% for clerestories, 41.4% for roof monitors and 38.86% for skylights for a glass area of 9% to the floor area. The results also indicate average illuminance levels above 500 lux for the different clerestory and monitor arrangements, uniformity ratios of 0.66–0.82 for the most distributed arrangements and daylighting factors between 11.78 and 20.30% for clear sky conditions, depending on the strategy. In addition, minimum air changes rates of 4 were reached for the most extreme conditions.     

Analyzing subjectivity in therapeutic discourse: Rogers, Perls, Ellis, and Gloria revisited.

Analyzed the film Three Approaches to Psychotherapy (E. L. Shostrom, 1966), which depicts C. Rogers (client-centered therapy), A. Ellis (rational-emotive therapy), and F. S. Perls (Gestalt therapy) interviewing the same client, Gloria. Verbal exchanges between participants were analyzed, using T. S. Essig and R. L. Russell's (1988) categories for analyzing psychological relations between subjects and events in discourse. Predictable patterns in how therapists of different theoretical orientations represent subjectivity in discourse can be screened with these categories. Classification categories are appended. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

基于EDA的《计算机组成原理》教学改革探讨

通过对计算机组成原理教学现状的分析,提出基于EDA的《计算机组成原理》教学改革,并将方案应用在运算器ALU的教学实践中。该方案解决教学现状中存在的问题,提高学生的学习兴趣．培养学生的工程实践能力和创新能力．实现教学效果和教学质量的提高．对计算机组成原理教学改革具有重要的意义。     

Spatial ecology of Bay of Quinte walleye (Sander vitreus): Annual timing,extent, and patterns of migrations in eastern Lake Ontario

Walleye (Sander vitreus) are the top nearshore predator in the Bay of Quinte and eastern Lake Ontario, where they have strong ecological and socio-economic impacts. The population is known to migrate seasonally; however, the precise timing and extent are not well defined. This study used acoustic telemetry to provide a fisheries-independent measure of timing, extent, and seasonal distribution of migration in Lake Ontario and to examine the influence of sex, spawning river, size, and year. Annual detection histories were used to determine the timing of migrations into and out of the spawning rivers, departure from the Bay of Quinte post-spawn, and the pre-spawn return to the Bay of Quinte. Sequence analysis was subsequently used to examine how fish occupy defined regions of eastern Lake Ontario annually and identify patterns in migration strategy. Spawning site fidelity was high for both rivers (91–97%) and annual residency within the Bay of Quinte was low (9.5%). Females spent less time in spawning rivers, migrated to the main lake earlier, and generally travelled further than males. Larger fish also migrated to the main lake first and travelled further, and differences in timing between spawning rivers were minor. Annual differences in timing were observed and were most likely related to environmental differences between years. Cluster analysis was used to identify groups of fish which utilized unique annual migration strategies and demonstrated sex and size had an important influence on the variability in annual spatial occupancy, but the importance of spawning river and year was minimal.     

资源型城镇环境生态建设

我国资源型城镇面临严峻的环境问题和生态问题,许多小城镇生态绿化体系尚未建立。文章通过对国内外资源型城镇环境和绿化现状以及资源型城镇的分析,结合政府的生态管理职能和景观规划理论,提出环境生态建设的建议与措施,为实现资源型城镇的可持续发展奠定一定的理论基础。     

基于网络的多媒体课件制作的设计思索

本文论述了网络多媒体教学的特点,提出了多媒体课件制作应该遵循的原则,以及优秀多媒体课件应具备的标准。     

10kV配网自动化系统建设与规划

介绍10kV配网自动化系统建设与规划的主要内容,并提出注意事项。     

Social Media and Trust during the Gezi Protests in Turkey

The Gezi Protests, an environmental sit‐in that turned into a social movement in Turkey, is often compared to the Arab Spring and the Occupy movement with regard to the importance attributed to social media. This paper examines the role that social media played during the protests, with an emphasis on how trust was built and maintained among the protestors. In‐depth interviews with 21 active Gezi protestors revealed that social trust and system trust were intertwined in actual practices. On one side, technological affordances worked as an interface that facilitated social identification, which helped in trusting the person behind the information. On the other side, technological affordances themselves invited different levels of trust, subject to both physical constraints and technological barriers.