After-dinner speech: Nottingham NMR recollections

The author notes a concentration of recent NMR-related anniversaries, including the 200th anniversary of the birth of George Green (1793) in Nottingham, the 150th anniversary of the birth of Boltzmann (1844), the 50th anniversary of the discovery of EPR by Zavoisky (1944), the 50th anniversary of the discovery of NMR (1945–1946). He describes how 30 years ago (1963) he introduced NMR to the Physics Department of Nottingham University, where he was joined by P. S. Allen, S. Clough, W. Derbyshire, and P. Mansfield, who over a 20-year period founded a highly successful school of NMR research. He emphasizes the need to explain NMR applications in a comprehensible manner to the general public and he looks forward to new future developments of NMR in medicine.     

英国诺丁汉历史地段公共空间活力营造及其启示

目前,我国城市对历史地段的保护与利用往往具有极化特征:或大力开发造成旅游过热,使历史地段负担过重;或投入不足,任其加速老化衰败。英国诺丁汉市的历史城区公共空间复兴实践从提升历史地段的活力入手,通过对公共与开放空间进行改造,恢复城市功能与活力,其成功经验非常值得我国借鉴与思索。     

Systemic Diagramming: An Approach to Decoding Urban Ecologies

For many students, sustainability has become an obligatory add-on for any project. Here Ulysses Sengupta and Deljana Iossifova explain how they have sought to address this in their teaching at the University of Nottingham through a ‘systemic diagramming’ approach. This provides essential tools for understanding how resource flows and environmental concerns are embedded in physical urban transformation, socioeconomic fault lines and underlying power relations.     

Biochemistry Department,University of Oxford

Howard Watson describes how Hawkins\Brown's new Biochemistry Department for the University of Oxford represents an innovative new model for scientific research institutes. Spatially, its interior not only positively embraces and encourages social interaction and the fertilisation of ideas, but also brings art, architecture and science together under a single roof. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

诺丁汉科学园的可持续设计理念解析

通过对英国诺丁汉科学园设计实例的引介,对其全面关注社会、经济和环境的可持续设计理念、以及抓住基地生态特征塑造环境特色的创作手法进行分析总结,并提出以上述两点为原则的整体环境可持续性理念。     

高温超导体开关器件理论分析

在强场致发射时，Ｎｏｔｔｉｎｇｈａｍ效应晨对高温超导体的场致发射性质的有较大的影响，利用Ｎｏｔｔｉｎｇｈａｍ效应使发射体处于超导和正常态之间转化可做超导开关器件。     

ESTIMATING URBAN LOADS OF NITROGEN TO GROUNDWATER

Urban areas can impose significant loads of nitrogen, as ammonium or nitrate, onto the underlying groundwater. There are many sources of nitrogen pollution, including diffuse sources (parks and gardens), intense point sources (industrial chemical spills), and multi-point sources (leaking sewers). Data on the loadings associated with the various sources are scarce, although an estimate of the overall load is available for Nottingham. For other cities, a total load could be estimated by factoring the Nottingham result, or by considering each component of the load separately. Both approaches are described, and the integrated method is recommended for its simplicity.     

Reinvigorating Childhood

Howard Watson is uplifted by the ‘brave, graceful subtlety’ of Caruso St John's redevelopment of the Bethnal Green Museum of Childhood in east London. He finds the pared-down spaces of the interior surprisingly in accord with the original Victorian structure, drawing their inspiration from ‘the regimented order of grand Victorian museology’. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

锥形场发射体尖端温度的分析

从热传导方程出发,考虑Nottingham效应和焦耳热情况下,采用自洽求解了圆锥形场发射体的尖端表面温度;定量讨论了温度与给定的圆锥形场发射体的结构参量与物理参量的关系。结果表明Nottingham效应、热导率和锥体横截面积的大小对尖端表面温度起决定作用,由Nottingham效应和焦耳热产生的温度在通常发射电流情况下,并不会达到钼的熔点温度而引起微尖锥发射体的失效。