Dual Inhibition of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex and Respiratory Chain Complex Induces Apoptosis by a Mitochondria-Targeted Fluorescent Organic Arsenical in vitro and in vivo

Based on the potential therapeutic value in targeting mitochondria and the fluorophore tracing ability, a fluorescent mitochondria-targeted organic arsenical PDT-PAO-F16 was fabricated, which not only visualized the cellular distribution, but also exerted anti-cancer activity in vitro and in vivo via targeting pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) and respiratory chain complexes in mitochondria. In details, PDT-PAO-F16 mainly accumulated into mitochondria within hours and suppressed the activity of PDHC resulting in the inhibition of ATP synthesis and thermogenesis disorder. Moreover, the suppression of respiratory chain complex I and IV accelerated the mitochondrial dysfunction leading to caspase family-dependent apoptosis. In vivo, the acute promyelocytic leukemia was greatly alleviated in the PDT-PAO-F16 treated group in APL mice model. Our results demonstrated the organic arsenical precursor with fluorescence imaging and target-anticancer efficacy is a promising anticancer drug.     

Improved arsenic doping in metalorganic chemical vapor deposition of HgCdTe andin situ growth of high performance long wavelength infrared photodiodes

Controlled and effective p-type doping is a key ingredient forin situ growth of high performance HgCdTe photodiode detectors. In this paper, we present a detailed study of p-type doping with two arsenic precursors in metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) of HgCdTe. Doping results from a new precursortris-dimethylaminoarsenic (DMAAs), are reported and compared to those obtained from tertiarybutylarsine (TBAs). Excellent doping control has been achieved using both precursors in the concentration range of 3 × 1015-5 × 10¹⁷ cm⁻³ which is sufficient for a wide variety of devices. Arsenic incorporation efficiency for the same growth temperature and partial pressure is found to be higher with DMAAs than with TBAs. For doping levels up to 1 × 10₁₇ cm⁻³, the alloy composition is not significantly affected by DMAAs. However, at higher doping levels, an increase in the x-value is observed, possibly as a result of surface adduct formation of DMAAs dissociative products with dimethylcadmium. The activation of the arsenic as acceptors is found to be in the 152–50% range for films grown with DMAAs following a stoichiometric anneal. However, a site transfer anneal increases the acceptor activation to near 100%. Detailed temperature dependent Hall measurements and modeling calculations show that two shallow acceptor levels are involved with ionization energies of 11.9 and 3.2 meV. Overall, the data indicate that DMAAs results in more classically behaved acceptor doping. This is most likely because DMAAs has a more favorable surface dissociation chemistry than TBAs. Long wavelength infrared photodiode arrays were fabricated on P-on-n heterojunctions, grownin situ with iodine doping from ethyl iodide and arsenic from DMAAs on near lattice matched CdZnTe (100) substrates. At 77K, for photodiodes with 10.1 and 11.1 (im cutoff wavelengths, the average (for 100 elements 60 × 60 μm² in size) zero-bias resistance-area product, R₀A are 434 and 130 ohm-cm², respectively. Quantum efficiencies are ≥50% at 77K. These are the highest R₀A data reported for MOCVDin situ grown photodiodes and are comparable to state-of-the-art LPE grown photodiodes processed and tested under identical conditions.     

Effect of operating conditions in removal of arsenic from water by nanofiltration membrane

The removal of arsenic from synthetic waters and surface water by nanofiltration (NF) membrane was investigated. In synthetic solutions, arsenic rejection experiments included variation of arsenic retentate concentration, transmembrane pressure, crossflow velocity and temperature. Arsenic rejection increased with arsenic retentate concentration. Arsenic was removed 93-99% from synthetic feed waters containing between 100 and 382 μg/L as V, resulting in permeate arsenic concentrations of about 5 μg/L. Under studied conditions, arsenic rejection was independent of transmembrane pressure, crossflow velocity and temperature. In surface water, the mean rejection of As V was 95% while the rejection of sulfate was 97%. The co-occurrence of dissolved inorganics does not significantly influence arsenic rejection. The mean concentration of As in collected permeated was 8 μg/L. The mean rejection of TDS, total hardness and conductivity were 75, 88 and 75% respectively.     

自含砷合碳难处理金矿中提取金的研究─Ⅰ.氨水脱砷-石灰加压氧化-氰化

针对甘肃省坪定金矿含金、砷高、金部分地赋存于脉石、脉石为碱性、属于难选难冶矿的特点，提出了氨水脱砷－石灰加压氧化－氰化新工艺．当原矿含金8．7g／t及13．0％砷时，砷可脱除95％，金可浸出85％．技术及经济指标预计均较满意．     

—Review Paper—Current State-Of-The-Art Measurements Of Ozone In The Gas Phase And In Solution

This paper is a critical review and summary of the analytical procedures currently used by operating water utilities to control ozone treatment processes, considering disinfection as well as the many oxidative applications of ozone in water treatment applications. The role of common interferences in the various methods is described.

In operating U S., Canadian, European, and Japanese water treatment plants currently employing ozone as a primary disinfectant, ozone nearly always is followed by the addition of small quantities of chlorine, chlorine dioxide, or chloramine to provide the residual in the distribution system and to act as a secondary disinfectant. Clearly, the analytical procedures used must distinguish between the various species. This review critically presents these various factors and their implication with respect to “true values” of ozone determined under widely varying conditions.     

有机物中微量砷测定方法的改进

在对有机物中微量砷测定方法综合分析的基础上，选用了砷斑法￣［１］与Ａｇ－ＤＤＴＣ法￣［２］相结合的方法检测有机物中的微量砷。重点对Ａｇ－ＤＤＴＣ法的操作内容作了两处改进。实验表明，新方法检测有机物中的微量砷快速、准确。     

沃溪区低品位地表氧化矿石堆浸提金研究与实践

根据沃溪区低品位地表氧化矿矿石的性质特点，通过小型柱浸试验和堆浸工业试验，采用堆浸-活性炭吸附-解吸电解工艺处理该矿石，工艺中采用隐蔽剂以消除砷、锑矿物对氰化的影响，金回收指标较好，经济效益可观。     

Rapid Small-Scale Column Tests for Arsenate Removal in Iron Oxide Packed Bed Columns

Arsenate breakthrough in column studies with a porous granular ferric hydroxide (GFH) was investigated in model waters and groundwaters. In this study, the use of rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs) initially designed for simulating the removal of organic compounds by granular activated carbon was extended for arsenate adsorption onto GFH. Adsorption kinetic studies and a comparison of laboratory RSSCT performance versus pilot-scale performance suggests that proportional diffusivity (PD) RSSCT scaling approaches are more valid than constant diffusivity (CD) approaches for arsenate onto GFH. Adsorption densities from column tests (qcolumn) were calculated at the point in the breakthrough curve when arsenate equaled 10 μg/L in the column effluent. For a simulated 2.5 min empty-bed contact time (EBCT), a model water (pH=8.6) had qcolumn values of 0.99 to 1.5 mgAs/gGFH versus 0.02 to 0.28 mgAs/gGFH with a comparable pH and EBCT in a natural groundwater. The differences were attributed to the silica, phosphate, vanadium, and other adsorbable inorganics in the groundwater. At pH 7.6 to 7.8, qcolumn values from PD-RSSCTs in the three natural waters were comparable (1.5±0.3 mgAs/gGFH) and higher than CD-RSSCT qcolumn values (0.57±0.26 mgAs/gGFH) in the three natural waters. All the RSSCTs captured changes in water quality (source water and pH) and operational regimes (e.g., EBCTs) and could be used to aid in the selection and design of arsenic removal media for full-scale treatment facilities.     

锑氧粉砷浸出工艺研究

通过对锑氧粉中砷物相的分析,根据三氧化二砷的性质,采用碳酸钠高温焙烧—碳酸化除砷—真空过滤—水洗—真空过滤工艺,将锑氧粉中的元素砷转变为砷酸钠浸出,对影响浸出的几个因素进行了研究,择取优化条件,砷的浸出率可达到94%左右。     

Preparation of poly (isophthalamide-graft-methacrylamide) and its utilization in the modification of cellulose acetate ultrafiltration membranes

Methacrylamide was grafted on to poly (isophthalamide) (PIPA-g-MAA) to improve its solubility and hydrophilicity. Then, PIPA-g-MAA incorporated high performance cellulose acetate ultrafiltration (CA) membranes were prepared by phase inversion technique and physical properties of the membranes were studied by various analytical methods. The efficiency of these membranes in the removal of arsenic from aqueous stream was studied and an effort has been taken to correlate the separation efficiency with morphology. Overall results suggest that membrane hydrophilicity, structure and performance were improved significantly by the addition of PIPA-g-MAA. Thus PIPA-g-MAA can be considered as an effective modification agent for CA membranes.