机械力化学作用对低介硅灰石瓷料的相变和相组成的影响

采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差热分析(DTA)手段详细研究了由氧化物粉末制备硅灰石陶瓷时,机械力化学作用及后续热处理对硅灰石陶瓷相组成和相变过程的影响,分析了机械力化学在球磨过程中的作用机理主要是细化晶粒、使晶格畸变、晶格缺陷增多、非晶化和诱导低温化学反应。结果表明:高能球磨中的机械力化学作用能够有效地降低硅灰石陶瓷的烧成温度(11160~11220℃)。探明了经高能球磨的样品在烧成过程中的晶相转变规律。瓷料最终的晶相为单一的-硅灰石(高温变体)。     

偶联剂处理硅灰石填充不饱和聚酯树脂的研究

对针状硅灰石 (L∶D≥ 10∶32 5目 )提纯后 ,采用偶联剂进行表面处理 ,将硅灰石按不同比例填充于不饱和聚酯树脂体系中 ,研究了材料的性能。结果表明 ,改性后的硅灰石可显著改善不饱和聚酯的性能。     

振动力场对聚丙烯/硅灰石复合材料性能的影响

采用三螺杆动态混炼挤出机通过熔融共混制备了聚丙烯(PP)/硅灰石复合材料,研究了振动工艺参数对材料力学性能及微观形态结构的影响。结果表明,PP/硅灰石复合材料的力学性能对振动参数的响应并不是单调增加,而是存在一个最佳的响应范围。在这一范围内,其综合力学性能得到极大提高。     

硅灰石在高压电瓷中的应用研究

首次利用龙江县硅灰石研制出了高压电瓷 ,并测试了其晶相组成和性能。实验结果表明 :硅灰石可以用于生产高压电瓷 ,且硅灰石的加入量为 5 0 %左右时 ,高压电瓷的性能较佳     

PE—g—MAH对PP／玻纤—硅灰石的增容作用

报道了聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐(PE-g-MAH)对玻璃纤维-硅灰石填允增强聚丙烯的增容效果。实验结果表明:选用合适接枝率的PE-g-MAH,PP/玻纤-硅灰石/PE-g-MAH共混物的力学性能随其用量的增加而明显提高,维卡耐热温度也得到提高。扫描电子显微镜观察断面的形态表明:PE-g-MAH的加入使填料在聚丙烯连续相中分散更均匀,且使断面变得粗糙,表明PE-g-MAH提高了相界面的作用力,对聚丙烯和填料起到了良好的增容作用。     

硅灰石合成高比表面积二氧化硅的工艺研究

一系列硅灰石酸处理实验表明,产物物理性质与反应速度、反应时间、中和最终ｐＨ值等工艺条件有关。同时发现,如果工艺条件恰当,可以制得４００～６００ｍ＾２／ｇ的高比表面积二氧化硅。     

Valorization of Al slag in the production of green ceramic tiles: Effect of experimental conditions on microstructure and crystalline phase composition

This work reports the results of an investigation aimed at the development of sintered glass-ceramic tiles by the sinter-crystallization of mixtures composed of aluminum slag and reclaimed packaging glass. The thermal behaviors of mixtures incorporating 50 and 60 wt% Al slag were established by differential thermal analysis (DTA). Green compacts were sintered in a temperature range of 800°C-1050°C and then soaked for 10-60 minutes. The mineralogical characterizations of the sintered materials were obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The achieved results indicated that the sintering of aluminum slag and packaging glass reclaimed led to a glass-ceramic material composed mainly of needle-like crystals of wollastonite (CaSiO₃). The bloating of samples during firing was evaluated according to a Cougny predictive diagram. After initial observations and according to bending strength characterizations, sintered tiles prepared from aluminum slag and glassy sand are appropriate for floor pavement and wall covering.     

溶胶—凝胶法制备硅灰石超细粉体

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)、硝酸钙[Ca(NO3)2·4H2O]为原料,采用溶胶 凝胶法制备了CaO SiO2干凝胶粉末。在适当的条件下制备粒径为0.2～1.0μm的硅灰石粉体。研究发现热处理温度、时间对粉体粒度有较大影响。采用DTA、XRD等研究了CaO SiO2凝胶粉末在热处理过程中的物理、化学变化及晶相转变,并通过TEM观察了干凝胶粉末热处理产物的形貌。     

Surface Modification of Biomaterials in Hard Tissue Applications

Surface modification technologies are quite common in the biomedical field to improve the mechanical,chemical, physical and biological properties of implants such as artificial joint and cardiovascular devices. In this paper, recent progress in the investigation of the bioactivity and biocompatibility enhancement of implants using plasma spraying and plasmabased ion implantation (PIII) is described. Plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings are commonly used as bioactive coatings but the relatively poor adhesion between the coatings and titanium is one of main disadvantages which have limited their biomedical applications. In our recent studies, novel bioactive coatings, such as wollastonite and dicalcium silicate, were deposited onto titanium to enhance the surfaces bioactivity and biocompatibility. Our results indicate that plasma sprayed wollastonite and dicalcium silicate coatings possess excellent bioactivity as well as relatively high bonding strength. Plasma immersion ion implantation was also employed to improve the anti-corrosion and biological properties of implants.     

晶须对碳碳复合材料组织和力学性能的影响

添加硅灰石(CaO·SiO₂)晶须制备碳纤维预制体, 并在980 ℃下进行化学气相沉积, 高温石墨化处理后制备得到CaO·SiO₂晶须改性的C/C复合材料。利用SEM、金相显微偏光分析以及力学实验等方法研究了预制体结构对基体微观结构、物理性能和力学性能的影响。实验结果表明: 添加CaO·SiO₂晶须会诱导热解炭呈锥形生长, 同时在石墨化过程中会诱导热解炭的组织结构发生有序性转变, 与基体反应生成SiC二次纤维。添加CaO·SiO₂晶须使得复合材料的石墨化度由31.6%提升至41.1%, 导热和导电性能相比于未添加晶须时分别增加了71.7%和14.3%, 复合材料的弯曲强度相比于未添加晶须时提升了5%。