Malted weaning food made from maize,soybean, groundnut and cooking banana

Infant malnutrition and mortality are common in Africa, although Africa is endowed with agricultural produce that could be harnessed through processing to produce adequate infant food. This project was set up to explore the possibility of using local raw materials to develop a nutritious, low‐dietary‐bulk, cheap infant food. The materials used included cereal (maize), pulses (soybean and groundnut) and tuberiferous plants (cooking banana). The grains were first germinated and dried or kilned before milling and formulation. The malted products were compared with fermented ones in terms of nutritional, dietary bulk and acceptability criteria. Malting increased the nutrient content, reduced the dietary bulk and enhanced the taste of the infant food. In terms of protein content, least gelation concentration and overall acceptability, malted samples had values in the range of 138–151 mg g^?1, 150–175 g l^?1 and 7.2–8.82 respectively, while the control (fermented) sample had values of 54 mg g^?1, 100 g l^?1 and 6.29 respectively. Roasting of malted cereals above 55 °C reduced the bulk reduction ability but enhanced the taste of the products. A combination of malted maize and soybean, roasted groundnut and cooking banana in the ratio of 50:15:15:20 gave a very recommendable weaning food for infants between the ages of 6 months and 2 years. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry     

Influence of inhibitor addition on the corrosion protection performance of sol–gel coatings on AA2024

Sol–gel films are actively investigated during the last decade as possible candidates for environmentally friendly pre-treatments. However, the important drawback in this case is the lack of active corrosion protection and self-healing ability.     

Protein Extraction from Heat-stabilized Defatted Rice Bran: II. The Role of Amylase, Celluclast, and Viscozyme

ABSTRACT: The effectiveness of 3 carbohydrases for protein extraction from heat-stabilized defatted rice bran (HDRB) was evaluated. Amylase, viscozyme and celluclast extracted a maximum of 45.4, 12.1, and 28.5% protein, respectively. Further study showed that extracted protein ranged from 9.5 to 58.4% under conditions of water to bran ratio (5:1 to 20:1), α-amylase (0 to 110000 units/10 g rice bran), temperature (35 to 55 °C), and time (1 to 8 h). The maximum protein extracted was 58.4% with a water to bran ratio of 17:1, 87637 units amylase, and 50.9 °C. These results suggest that impure food-grade amylase containing protease is more effective than celluclast and viscozyme in protein extraction from HDRB.     

低压铝箔交流腐蚀研究

在３０Ｈｚ频率下，通过铝箔在ＨＣｌ＋Ｈ２ＳＯ４＋ＨＮＯ３＋Ｈ３ＰＯ４体系中的交流腐蚀，研究腐蚀液组成中腐蚀主体及缓蚀剂对铝箔腐蚀的作用，探讨腐蚀过程中电源频率、腐蚀液温度、电流密度及腐蚀时间对铝箔腐蚀的影响。腐蚀液组成的配比恰当，有利于比容的提高。在特定的频率下采用合适的腐蚀液温度、适宜的电流密度和腐蚀时间可以提高铝箔的静电容量。     

Trypsin inhibitor activity of soybean as affected by genotype and fertilisation

The presence of protease inhibitors in soybean prohibits the utilisation of the raw beans for food and feed. However, little information is available about environmental influences and the effects of nitrogen and sulphur supply on the antinutritional constituents of soybean. As these factors may influence protease inhibitors, soybean genotypes segregated according to the presence or absence of the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor have been evaluated for trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA) in field trials. TIA was affected significantly by environment (geographical location), fertilisation treatment and genotype. Environmental means of TIA were between 69.5 and 104.8 mg g^?1. Nitrogen application, which caused an increase in seed protein content, resulted in a reduction in TIA by about 15% as compared with the control. Remarkably, simultaneous application of nitrogen and sulphur in the form of ammonium sulphate had a similar reductive effect on TIA to that of nitrogen application alone, although soybean protease inhibitors are rich in sulphur amino acids. Significant genetic variation in TIA was found both within the genotype class with the Kunitz inhibitor present as well as within the class lacking this inhibitor. The results suggest that TIA of soybean may be modified considerably by genetic improvement and appropriate agronomic management. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

钼酸盐阻燃抑烟剂研发现状

简要地叙述了钼酸盐类阻燃抑烟剂 ,如八钼酸铵、钼酸锌、钼酸钙、钼酸钴和三氧化钼等阻燃抑烟剂的研发现状     

The Amygdala Modulates Hippocampus-Dependent Context Memory Formation and Stores Cue-Shock Associations.

Preexposing rats to the context facilitates subsequent contextual fear conditioning. This effect depends on the hippocampus (J. W. Rudy, R. M. Barrientos, & R. C. O'Reilly, 2002). The authors report that inactivating the basolateral region of the amygdala (BLA) by injecting muscimol, a GABAA agonist, before or after preexposure reduced this effect. In contrast, bilateral injections of anisomycin, a protein synthesis inhibitor, into BLA did not impair the consolidation of the context memory. However, when injected after fear conditioning, anisomycin impaired consolidation of both contextual and auditory-cue fear conditioning. Results are consistent with 2 ideas about the amygdala's contribution to memory: (a) It modulates memory formation in other regions of the brain, and (b) it is a storage site for cue-shock associations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

油气田开发中的CO2腐蚀及防护技术

综述了二氧化碳均匀腐蚀和局部腐蚀的机理，分析了二氧化碳腐蚀的各种影响因素，并对二氧化碳腐蚀的防护技术进行了概括，着重介绍了缓蚀剂防护技术研究进展，并提出了研究CO2腐蚀及其缓蚀剂应注意的几个问题。     

Copper phthalocyanine as corrosion inhibitor for ASTM A606-4 steel in 16% hydrochloric acid

A study based on the corrosion inhibition properties of copper phthalocyanine is described. Coverage degrees of copper phthalocyanine (Cu-phcy) on ASTM-A606-4 steel, obtained by weight loss measurements, were fitted to Langmuir, Frumkin, Temkin and Flory–Huggins adsorption isotherms. A better fit to the Langmuir isotherm was obtained. The polarization curves showed that polarization of both the anodic and cathodic reactions were verified for concentrations higher than 10^–4 M, indicating a mixed type action. Only the anodic reactions were polarized for lower concentrations. At high frequencies the Nyquist diagrams showed one capacitive loop attributable to double layer charging and a small one at intermediary frequencies attributable to the faradaic process of hydrogen evolution. The formation of an adsorbed film was characterized by increasing charge transfer resistance values in the low frequency range for increasing inhibitor concentrations. According to the techniques used in this study, copper phthalocyanines showed a high corrosion inhibiting efficiency for all concentrations.     

淀粉液化液灭酶方法的研究

某些情况下淀粉液化液需要严格控制液化的程度 ,因此需要及时终止残余淀粉酶的活性。实验用降低液化液 pH值、升高温度、以及两者并用等 3种方法结束液化反应过程 ,实验结果可作为工业生产过程参考。