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1.
真菌毒素检测技术研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
尚艳娥 《北京轻工业学院学报》2012,(4):15-18
对较为经典的真菌毒素检测技术进行了综述,并对近些年研究开发的一些新技术和新动态作了简要介绍,总结了真菌毒素检测领域的发展趋势和方向,为食品安全检测技术的研究开发提供一定的参考. 相似文献
2.
Daiana Garcia Germán Barros Sofía Chulze Antonio J. Ramos Vicente Sanchis Sonia Marín 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2012,92(15):2952-2959
BACKGROUND: Fusarium graminearum and F. verticillioides are two very important mycotoxigenic species as they cause diverse diseases in crops. The effects of constant and cycling temperatures on growth and mycotoxin production of these species were studied on soybean based medium and on irradiated soya beans. RESULTS: F. graminearum grew better when was incubated at 15, 20 and 15–20 °C (isothermal or cycling temperature) during 21 days of incubation. Maximum levels of zearalenone and deoxynivalenol (39.25 and 1040.4 µg g?1, respectively) were detected on soya beans after 15 days of incubation and the optimal temperature for mycotoxin production was 15 °C for zearalenone and 20 °C for deoxynivalenol. F. verticillioides grew better at 25 °C in culture medium and at 15/20 °C and 15/25 °C on soybean seeds. Fumonisin B1 was produced only in culture medium, and the maximum level (7.38 µg g?1) was found at 15 °C after 7 days of incubation. CONCLUSION: When growth and mycotoxin production under cycling temperatures were predicted from the results under constant conditions, observed values were different from calculated for both species and substrate medium. Therefore, care should be taken if data at constant temperature conditions are to be extrapolated to real field conditions. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
3.
《Food Control》2015
The primary objective of this study was to synthesize three types of cross-linked chitosan polymers and further investigate their adsorption capability for multiple mycotoxins, including aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEN), fumonisin B1 (FB1), deoxynivalenol (DON) and T-2 toxin (T2). Among these synthetic adsorbents, cross-linked chitosan-glutaraldehyde complex presented the highest adsorption capability for AFB1 (73%), OTA (97%), ZEN (94%) and FB1 (99%), but no obvious adsorption for DON and T2 (<30%). The effect of various incubation conditions (contact time, dosage and pH) was also studied. Subsequently, the experimental data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich and Hill models. The best fitting model to describe AFB1 and FB1 adsorption was Langmuir model (R2 ≥ 0.99), with the theoretical maximum adsorption amounts of 5.67 mg/g for AFB1 and 15.7 mg/g for FB1. The Hill model was the best model for OTA and ZEN adsorption (R2 > 0.98), with the predicted maximum adsorption amounts were 24.8 mg/g for OTA and 9.18 mg/g for ZEN. In addition, the adsorption capability of adsorbent for the simultaneous presence of multiple mycotoxins was also evaluated in buffer system and simulated gastrointestinal condition. The results indicated that the coexisted multiple mycotoxins didn't affected the adsorption capability of adsorbent, whereas the adsorption amounts of toxins were decreased by some gastrointestinal components. The findings of this research suggest that chitosan–glutaraldehyde complex has the potential to be applied as multitoxin adsorbent material for reducing the combined adverse effect of multiple mycotoxins on humans and animals. 相似文献
4.
Bulent Kabak 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2009,89(4):549-554
Mycotoxins are considered to be heat‐stable molecules. Because of their toxic effects, information about their stability in thermal processes and potential inactivation procedures is needed. Numerous reports in the literature over a number of years have described the fate of mycotoxin during thermal food processing, including cooking, boiling, baking, frying, roasting and pasteurization. This review focuses on the effects of various thermal treatments on mycotoxins, while the fate of mycotoxins during extrusion processing, which is one of the most important technologies employed in the food industry, will also be reviewed. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
5.
We analysed a total of 2258 grain samples over a 3-year period (2006–2008) from 93 storage centers in the principal maize cultivation area of Italy to establish the levels of fumonisin contamination. Fumonisin concentrations were measured using ELISA (RIDASCREEN) fumonisin test kits. Mean levels of contamination were remarkably high in each year, with the highest value in 2006 (10.9?mg/kg) and the lowest in 2008 (4.8?mg/kg). Similarly, for each year, variations were quite large: from <LOQ to 77.0?mg/kg, <?LOQ to 26.3, and 0.1 to 19.0?mg/kg, respectively, in 2006, 2007 and 2008. The highest fumonisin concentration was found in samples harvested in Veneto (11.1?mg/kg) and Friuli Venezia Giulia (8.9?mg/kg), while the lowest were recorded in Emilia Romagna and Piemonte (4.6?mg/kg). 相似文献
6.
In Tunisia, barley is commonly used in human consumption in a variety of food forms. In this regard, a high quality of this agricultural product is always demanded by consumers. A survey of the natural occurrence of deoxynivalenol (DON), the most common Fusarium mycotoxin in small grain cereals, in barley harvested in the main cropping regions in Northern Tunisia in the 2009 harvest was conducted. A total of 72 samples were analysed for DON using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a UV visible detector set at 220?nm. Between 36% and 100% of the samples were positive for DON with averages ranging from 1.2 to 2.4?mg?kg?1. A positive correlation between DON levels and temperature was seen; on the other side no correlation between DON contents and rainfall was observed. In this study we notably showed the effect of regions on DON contamination. 相似文献
7.
Emanuela Torelli Rino Gubiani Giuseppe Firrao Sirio Cividino Romano Locci Emanuela Gobbi 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2010,90(4):641-649
BACKGROUND: In maize‐growing areas where fumonisin contamination is endemic, there is an urgent need for novel methods to assess the quality of grain lots before their delivery to common drying and storage collection centres. Aerobiological samples of fungal spores released during harvest were analysed to establish a relationship between fumonisin contamination and the abundance of pathogen propagules collected in the combine harvester using a cyclone and membrane filters. Filter‐captured propagules were analysed by direct plating, immunoenzymatic assay of specific Fusarium extracellular polysaccharides and real time polymerase chain reaction of the extracted DNA using fum1, a gene involved in the biosynthesis of fumonisin, as a target. RESULTS: The results showed that time of harvest and environmental conditions strongly influenced the efficiency and performance of the collection system. The data obtained were informative in comparing individual samples collected under similar conditions. The immunoenzymatic assay provided the most reliable data, which improved the ability of a neural network to predict the fumonisin content of lots, when added to agronomic, environmental and phytosanitary data. CONCLUSION: This is the first attempt to evaluate the Fusarium propagules dispersed during harvesting as a predictive means to assess maize quality. A method based on cyclone/filter capture and immunological detection has been shown to be feasible and to have the potential for the development of a continuous monitoring system, but the prediction capabilities in the present implementation were limited. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
8.
P. Harcz L. De Temmerman S. De Voghel N. Waegeneers O. Wilmart V. Vromman J.-F. Schmit E. Moons C. Van Peteghem S. De Saeger Y.-J. Schneider Y. Larondelle L. Pussemier 《Food Additives & Contaminants》2007,24(7):713-720
A database has been compiled with the levels of important contaminants (mycotoxins, heavy metals and pesticides) measured from 2002 to 2005 in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown in Belgium according to the organic and conventional farming systems. Assuming no further change in contaminant levels during cereal processing and during the preparation of foodstuffs, conservative intakes are estimated for the consumers of cereal-based products such as flour, bread, breakfast cereals, dough and pastry. The results show that for the consumer of organic foodstuffs, estimated daily intakes are 0.56 µg deoxynivalenol (DON), 0.03 µg zearalenone (ZEA), 0.19 µg Cd, 0.28 µg Pb and 0.0006 µg Hg kg-1 body weight, taking into account the average contaminant levels in unprocessed grains and the average cereal products consumptions in Belgium. For the consumers of conventional foodstuffs, the corresponding estimated daily intakes are 0.99 µg DON, 0.06 µg ZEA, 0.17 µg Cd, 0.12 µg Pb and 0.0007 µg Hg kg-1 body weight. In addition, it appears that for the consumers of conventional products, intakes of some post-harvest insecticides have to be taken into account (0.11 µg chlorpyriphos-methyl, 0.2 µg dichlorvos and 0.24 µg pirimiphos-methyl kg-1 bw). When expressed as a percentage of the tolerable/acceptable daily intake (TDI/ADI), it seems that the corresponding estimated (conservative) intakes are the highest for DON (56% for organic and 99% for conventional cereal products), ZEA (16% for organic and 32% for conventional cereal products), and Cd (19% for organic and 17% for conventional cereal products), all other estimated intakes of contaminants (including pesticides) being lower than 10% of the TDI/ADI. 相似文献
9.
10.
Keith A. Scudamore Robin C. E. Guy Brian Kelleher Susan J. MacDonald 《Food Additives & Contaminants》2008,25(3):331-337
In the European Union, deoxynivalenol in cereals and cereal products is controlled by recent legislation with the objective of minimizing consumer exposure to this mycotoxin. Relatively few studies have examined the loss of Fusarium mycotoxins during processing and whether this is accurately reflected by the processing factors. The behaviour of deoxynivalenol, nivalenol and zearalenone during extrusion of naturally contaminated wholemeal wheat flour has been examined using pilot-scale equipment. Factors examined were temperature and moisture content. Concentrations of the three mycotoxins were little changed by extrusion although the amount of deoxynivalenol decreased at the lowest moisture content. However, this effect did not appear to be temperature-dependent, suggesting that the apparent loss is either due to binding or inability to extract the residue. Under some conditions, concentrations of the mycotoxins, particularly nivalenol, were higher after extrusion. 相似文献